Erişkinlerin anne sütü ile ilgili algıları

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.GİRİŞ VE AMAÇ: Sağlıklı bir emzirme sürecinin başlatılması ve sürdürülmesinde annenin; eş, arkadaş, aile büyükleri, akraba ve sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından desteklenmesi ve toplumun anne sütünün üstünlükleri ve faydaları konusunda farkındalığının arttırılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, erişkin bireylerin anne sütü ile ilgili algıları belirlemede kullanılabilecek " Erişkinlerin Anne Sütü ile İlgili Algı Ölçeği" nin geliştirilmesi, geçerlilik güvenirliğinin test edilmesi, sadece annelerin değil tüm toplumun anne sütü ve emzirme ile ilgili eğitim gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi ve toplumun anne sütü ve emzirme hakkında daha bilinçli olmasına katkı sağlamak amacı ile gerçekleştirildi. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Metodolojik ve analitik özellikte planlanan araştırma, benzer sosyo-ekonomik düzeydeki üç aile sağlığı merkezinde Mart-Haziran 2015 tarihleri arasında yapıldı. Çalışmanın örneklemini ölçek geliştirilmesinde 350, çalışma grubunda 1750 erişkin birey oluşturdu. Araştırma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan soru formu ve literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanan " Erişkinlerin Anne Sütü ile İlgili Algı Ölçeği '' isimli 5' li Likert tipi ölçek ile toplandı. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin değerlendirmesi Lisrel Paket programı aracılığı ile yapıldı. Ölçeğin güvenirliği test-tekrar test güvenirliği, madde-toplam puan korelasyonu ve iç tutarlılık analizi ile belirlendi. Çalışma grubuna ait veriler bilgisayar ortamında SPSS 21 paket programı kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Değerlendirilmede Kruskall - Wallis H Testi ve Mann - Whitney U Testi kullanıldı. BULGULAR: Geliştirilen ölçeğin erişkinlerin anne sütü ile ilgili algılarını belirlemede kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu görüldü. Çalışma grubundaki katılımcıların yaş ortalamasının 34,63±10,84 saptandı. Ölçeğin Cronbach' s Alpha katsayısı 0,93 bulundu. Araştırmaya katılan erişkinlerin ölçekten aldıkları toplam puan ortalamasının 120,94±16,74 olduğu belirlendi. SONUÇ: Geliştirilen Erişkinlerin Anne Sütü ile İlgili Algı Ölçeği' nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu tespit edildi. Bireylerin ölçekten aldıkları puanın ortalamanın üzerinde olduğunu ancak anne sütü ile ilgili algılarının geliştirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşıldı. Anahtar Kelimeler: Erişkin Bireyler, Anne Sütü, Emzirme, Algı, Ölçek Geliştirme.INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Mothers should be supported by their spouses, friends, relatives and health professionals and the society' s awareness on the superiority and benefits of breast milk should be increasedin order to initiate and maintain a healthy breastfeeding process. The present study aimed to develop and test the validity and reliability of the " Breast Milk Perception Scale for Adults ", which can be used for determining adults' perceptions on breast milk; to determine the educational needs of the society as well as mothers regarding breast milk and breastfeeding; and to contribute to awareness related to breast milk and breastfeeding. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This methodological and analytical study was conducted during March-June 2015 at three family health centers which had similar socioeconomic profiles and which were located in the Çarşamba province of Samsun. The sample for the scale development study included 350 adults, while the study group consisted of 1750 adults. Data was collected using the questionnaire form developed by the researcher and the " Breast Milk Perception Scale for Adults ", which was prepared according to the literature and which is a 5-Likert type scale. Validity and reliability studies were conducted using the Lisrel software. Relibility of the scale was also analyzed using the test-retest method, item-total correlations, and internal consistency analysis. Data pertaining to the study group was analyzed using the SPSS 21 software. For statistical analysis, the Kruskall-Wallis H Test and theMann-Whitney U Test were conducted. FINDINGS: It was determined that the scale developed in the current study is a valid and reliable instrumentfor determining perceptions on breast milk. Among the study group, mean age was 34,63±10. The Cronbach' s Alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0,93. Mean scale score of the adults was 120,94±16,74. It was found that the 33-39 age group had significantly higher mean scores compated to the 19-25, 26-32 and 47-53 age groups (p <0,05). RESULT: It was determined that the "Breast Milk Perception Scale for Adults" is a valid and reliable instrument. It was found that the participants had scale scores above average values, leading to the conclusion that their perceptions regarding breast milk should be enhanced. Keywords: Adults, Breast Milk, Breastfeeding, Perception, Scale Developmen

A New Methodology for the Block Maxima Approach in Selecting the Optimal Block Size

The Block Maxima method divides sample data into equal blocks. Predictions are based on the maximum values of the observations. Choosing an efficient and proper block size for the Block Maxima method is an important issue and varies across fields (e.g., flood, rainfall, finance). However, the main problem is deciding which block size is suitable or optimal for the prediction. In the literature, it is a known fact that the selection of a small block size leads to bias, while the selection of a large block size leads to a variance problem. In one respect, this issue is any trade off problem between the bias and the variance. This paper proposes simple and easy computational method to specify the optimal block size selection process for the Block Maxima method

Relationship between discordance of lipid parameters and mortality after acute coronary syndrome

European Atherosclerosis So

Impact of training giving to peadiatric nurses by interactive workshops against to problems during lactation period

Aim:  The study has been conducted in order to determine the impact of training which giving to peadiatric nurses by interactive workshops against to problems during lactation period.Methods:  This study, which is an experimental type in which pre-test/ post-test measurements were taken, was carried out in a state hospital in Samsun in October 2014. Before the training, the nurses accepted the presentation invitation. Evaluation of participants’ knowledge on the subject was performed via a Multiple Choice Questionnaire (MCQ) prepared by the researchers in relation with the literature. The study was conducted by 33 volunteer nurses working in the pediatric departments of a state hospital in the conference hall. MCQ, consisting of 24 questions, was answered by the participants before and after the interactive workshop. Analyses were performed using commercial software (IBM SPSS Statistics 20, SPSS Inc. An IBM Corp., Armonk, NY)Findings:  Nurses (n= 33) who work in pediatric units participated in the study. The  average age of nurses who participated to study is  36.30 ± 6.47 (min=21 max=48).  There was a significant improvement in mean test score after the lecture when compared with pre-lecture score (Mean =23.66, SD=0.54 vs. Mean=12.24, SD=4.11, z= -5.021 p = 0.000)Conclusions: Lecture based interactive workshop on the problems faced during lactation period helps to improve nurses’ knowledge. It also helps in overcoming deficiencies in nurses training

Life Index of Proviences in Turkey Via Multıdımensıonal Scaling and K-Means Clustering

Up to now, many different indices have been derived to measure the welfare level of countries. In 2011, an index called the Better Life Index was developed by the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD); after that each year the better life index of these countries had been calculated and ranked. In 2016 Turkish Statistical Institute (TUİK) constructed similar type of index that measures the better life satisfaction level of provinces, not countries. In 2016, very similar index was constructed by TÜİK to measure the welfare level of each city in Turkey. The constructed index was obtained from 11 categories and 41 sub-categories. In this study; in two-dimensional space, considering 41 sub categories by the help of multidimensional scaling method the cities of Turkey were visualized and then divided into clusters by the help of kmeans cluster analysis. As a result of this study, it was observed that the findings obtained using two intrinsically dependent techniques differed in some critic points with the findings obtained by TUİK’s report. These differences imply that different multicriteria decision techniques can be used to construct or develop an index like that.Geçmişten günümüze toplumların refah düzeyini ölçmeye çalışan birçok farklı endeks türetilmiştir. 2011 yılında ise Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü (OECD) tarafından daha iyi yaşam endeksi olarak adlandırılan bir endeks geliştirilerek, takip eden yıllarda birliğe üye olan ülkelerin endeks değerleri sıralanarak yayınlanmıştır. Çok benzer bir endeks ise Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) tarafından 2016 yılında “illerde yaşam endeksi” olarak adlandırılıp, oluşturulmuştur. Geliştirilen endeks, 11 farklı boyut ve yaklaşık 41 alt göstergeden elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ise çok boyutlu ölçekleme yöntemi ile iki boyutlu düzlemde noktasal olarak 41 alt gösterge dikkate alınarak görselleştirilen iller, daha sonra k-ortalamalar yöntemi ile kümelere ayrılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda iki içsel bağımlı teknik kullanılarak elde edilen bulguların, TÜİK tarafından elde edilen bulgularla bazı önemli noktalarda farklılaştığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu farklılaşmadan ortaya çıkan sonuç, bu endeks için farklı sıralama teknikleri de kullanılarak, bir yıl için değil ancak yeterli zaman boyutunu da dikkate alarak daha detaylı çalışmalar sonucunda elde edilecek bulgularla desteklenmesi gerektiği yönündedir

Discordance of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary artery disease severity

87th Congress of the European-Atherosclerosis-Society (EAS)European Atherosclerosis So

Evaluation of Physical Exercise'S Effects on Low Back Pain Among University Students With Short Form-36 and Oswestry Disability Index

DergiPark: 762681tmsjAims: This study aims to investigate the main effects of physical exercise on lower back pain with the Short Form-36 Health Survey and Oswestry Disability Index scores. Methods: University students between 18-25 years old who suffer from low back pain were enrolled in the study. Short Form-36 Health Survey and Oswestry Disability Index were used as the reference scales of lower back pain and quality of life, respectively. There are some questions in the questionnaire to scale the average comfort of the place they sleep and sit during the day, which is the result of the Personal Comfort Score. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for non-normal distributed variables. Correlation and Linear Regression were used to analyze data. SPSS 25.0 was used for all statistical analysis. Results: A total of 139 university students (94 females, 45 males) were included in the study. The median age was 20 years (IQR=2) for female students and 20 years (IQR=1) for male students. Oswestry Disability Index scores of fe- male students were higher, while Short Form-36 scores were lower than the male students. Male students' physical functioning scores were higher than female students. Each one-unit increase in Personal Comfort Score is associated with an increase in the rate between the energy/fatigue (3.34 units). Body Mass Index considerably affected the pain and Oswestry Disability Score, an increase in one unit of baseline BMI upsurged the Short Form-36 pain score to 0.13, and Oswestry disability score to 0.55. Conc- lusion: In our study, Body Mass Index is found to be associated with Oswestry Disability Index and Short Form-36 score, which are used for the severity of low back pain and defining the life quality and of patients. PCS had a positive correlation between energy/fatigue. In addition, There was a positive correlation between physical exercise and general health score

Nutritional status and severity of coronary artery disease

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), a simple tool to assess nutritional status, and coronary artery disease severity and complexity in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of 822 patients undergoing coronary angiography. Patients with previous revascularization were excluded. Gensini and SYNTAX scores were calculated according to the angiographic images to determine atherosclerosis severity. NRI was calculated as follows: NRI = [15.19 × serum albumin (g/dl)] + [41.7 × (body weight/ideal body weight)]. In patients ≥65 years of age, Geriatric NRI (GNRI) was used instead of NRI. GNRI was calculated as follows: GNRI = [14.89 × serum albumin (g/dl)] + [41.7 × (body weight/ideal body weight)]. Patients were then divided into three groups as previously reported: NRI < 92, NRI 92–98 and NRI > 98. Gensini and SYNTAX scores were compared between three groups. Results The mean age of study population was 61.9 ± 11.1 years. NRI 98 was measured in 212, 321 and 289 patients, respectively. There was no difference regarding to sex, BMI, smoking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus between three groups. Patients with NRI < 92 had the highest mean Gensini score than the patients with NRI 92–98 and NRI > 98 (38.0 ± 40.6 vs. 31.17 ± 42.4 vs. 25.8 ± 38.4, P = 0.005). Also patients with NRI < 92 had the highest mean SYNTAX score than the patients with NRI 92–98 and NRI > 98 (11.8 ± 12.9 vs. 9.3 ± 12.4 vs. 7.7 ± 11.8, P = 0.001). Also, Gensini score of ≥20 and high SYNTAX score of ≥33 were associated with lower NRI (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion In our study, nutritional status evaluated by the NRI was associated with more extensive and complex coronary atherosclerosis in patients undergoing coronary angiography