Evaporative Drying of Low-Rank Coal

Low-rank coals including the brown and the subbituminous coals are commonly known to contain high moisture content (up to 65%, wet basis), which limits their utilization around the world in spite of their low cost. Today, the most of the drying technologies are based on the evaporation of the water from the moist product. In this chapter, the most effective parameters on the evaporative coal-drying process are investigated with the data in the recent literature. The effective parameters are evaluated in three categories as follows: (1) the parameters about the drying media (the type of the media, the temperature, the pressure, the velocity and the relative humidity), (2) the coal parameters (the type of the coal and the size) and (3) the drying method

Does pelvic injury trigger erectile dysfunction in men?

WOS: 000442089500008PubMed ID: 26764545Purpose: Pelvic ring fractures constitute 3%-8% of all fractures of the skeletal system and are generally related with high energy trauma. Sexual dysfunction following pelvic fracture has a high incidence, and affects the male patients both physically and psychologically. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact and frequencies of comorbidities such as erectile dysfunction (ED) with adverse sociocultural and psychological consequences for the patient who had a pelvic ring fracture. Methods: This study included 26 men who corresponded to the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate our study. Results: According to fracture types, most of our cases were Tile type A1 and type A2. Severe and moderate ED were detected in 46.1% (12/26) of these patients via the International Index of Erectile Function-5 questionnaire. Conclusion: ED develops following pelvic fractures, especially in Tile type B and C pelvic fractures

The effect of carprofen treatment on conception rate after insemination in cows with increased days in milk

Bu çalışmada doğumdan sonra uzun süre gebeliğin sağlanamadığı Holstein ırkı ineklerde, tohumlama sonrası karprofen uygulamasının gebe kalma oranı üzerine etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada sağımda geçen gün süresi ˃120 gün olan 200 Holstein ırkı inek kullanıldı. Çalışmaya dahil edilen ineklere progesteron+ovsynch esaslı östrüs senkronizasyon protokolü uygulandı. Bu amaçla GnRH enjeksiyonu ile birlikte progesteron kaynağı intravaginal olarak yerleştirildi. Yedi gün sonra progesteron kaynağı vaginadan uzaklaştırıldı ve PGF2α enjeksiyonu yapıldı. PGF2α enjeksiyonundan 48 saat sonra GnRH enjeksiyonu uygulandı ve 12-16 saat sonra ineklere sabit zamanlı tohumlama yapıldı. Tohumlama sonrası hayvanlar rastgele olarak 2 gruba ayrıldı. Karprofen grubuna (n=100) tohumlama sonrası 14. gün deri altı karprofen ve kontrol grubuna (n=100) ise aynı gün fizyolojik tuzlu su uygulandı. Karprofen grubundan 3 ve kontrol grubundan ise 5 inek çeşitli nedenlerle çalışmadan çıkarıldı. Gebe kalma oranı; karprofen grubunda %42,26 (41/97), kontrol grubunda ise %25,26 (24/95) olarak belirlendi (p120 were used. A progesterone + ovsynch-based estrus synchronization protocol was applied to the cows included in the study. For this purpose, the progesterone device was placed intravaginally together with GnRH injection. Seven days later, the progesterone source was removed from the vagina and PGF2α injection was administered. GnRH injection was administered 48 hours following PGF2α injection and fixed-time insemination was performed 12-16 hours later. After insemination, animals were randomly divided into 2 groups. Subcutaneous carprofen was applied to the carprofen group (n = 100) on the 14th day after insemination and physiological saline was applied to the control group (n = 100) on the same day. Three cows from the carprofen group and 5 cows from the control group were excluded from the study for various reasons. The pregnancy rate was 42.26% (41/97) in the carprofen group and 25.26% (24/95) in the control group (p 30 kg) in the control group. In addition, it was found that carprofen administration to cows with high milk yield increased the rate of conception. However, it was determined that the days in milk had no effect on pregnancy rate. As a result, it was concluded that the administration of carprofen on the 14th day after insemination to cows who could not conceive for a long time after parturition may be effective in increasing the rate of conception

Density functional theory study of tin and titanium dioxides: Structural and mechanical properties in the tetragonal rutile phase

Structural and mechanical properties in rutile (tetragonal) phases of SnO 2 and TiO 2 are investigated by performing first-principle density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) potentials of electronic exchange and correlation part parameterized by Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) are used. Second order elastic stiffness constants, bulk modulus, first-derivative of bulk modulus, and pressure behavior of these mechanical properties are studied up to pressure of 10 GPa. Structural properties and elastic constants of SnO 2 and TiO 2 calculated in this study are compatible with experimental and other available theoretical studies. Electronic band gap energies of these semiconductors are also calculated. As expected, the calculated values by standard DFT calculations are underestimated in comparison to experimental values. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Some Population Parameters of Commercial Small Pelagic Fish's in the Middle-Black Sea Coast

Bu araştırmada, Kasım 2002-Kasım 2003 tarihleri arasında Orta Karadeniz bölgesinde (Sinop-Ordu arasında kalan kıyılarında) küçük pelajik balıklardan çaça (Sprattus sprattus), hamsi (Engraulis encrasicolus) ve istavrit (Trachurus trachurus) balıklarının boy aralığı, ortalama boy ve ağırlık, kondisyon faktörü ve gonadosomatik indeks değerleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada incelenen 677 adet çaça balığının boy aralığı 6,4-13,5 cm arasında iken, ortalama boy 9,53±0,05 cm, ortalama ağırlık 5,27±0,09 g olarak belirlenmiştir. İncelenen 887 adet hamsi balığının boy aralığı, ortalama boyları ve rtalama ağırlıkları sırasıyla, 7,8-13,9 cm arasında, 10,89±0, 032 cm ve 7,80±0,080 g olarak bulunmuştur. İstavritte ise incelenen 712 adet balıkta boyların 7,3-19,6 cm arasında ve ortalama boyun 13,45±0,084 cm, ortalama ağırlığın ise 22,1±0,429 g olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ortalama kondisyon faktörlerinin çaça, hamsi ve istavritte sırasıyla 0,58±0,057, 0,593±0,01 ve 0,808±0,002 değerinde bulunmuştur. GSİ değerine göre üreme dönemleri çaçada ocak - mart ayları arasında gözlenirken, hamside haziran – eylül arasında, istavritte ise temmuz – eylül arasında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen verilere göre çaça ve hamside GSİ ile kondisyon faktörü arasındaki paralelliğe aykırı olarak istavritte düzensizlikler görülmesi Karadeniz’deki avcılığa hedef olan istavrit balığı stoklarının genel yapısından kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.In this study, range of length, average length and weight, condition factor and gonadosomatic index (GSI) values of small pelagic fish, like sprat, anchovy and horse mackerel were investigated between 2002 November and November 2003 in the Middle Black Sea. Length of range of investigated 677 individual of s prat was 6.4-13.5 cm, average length 9.53±0.05 cm, average weight 5.27±0.09 g; length of range of 887 individual of anchovy was 7.8-13.9 cm, average length was 10.89±0.032 cm, average weight was 7.80±0.080 g., Length of range of 712 individual of horse mackerel was 7.3-19.6 cm, average length was 13.45±0.084 cm, and average weight was 22.1±0.429 g. Average condition factors of sprat, anchovy and hor se mackerel were determined as 0.58±0.057, 0.593±0.01 and 0.808±0.002, respectively. According to GSI values, spawning season of sprat was between January-and March, while spawning seasons of anchovy and horse mackere l were between June-and September, July and September, respectively. According to the results, GSI and condition factor of sprat and anchovy were found as parallel while GSI and condition factor of horse mackerel was unparallel. The reason of this was thought that horse mackerel was exposed to over fishing, and general structure of their stocks

Some generalized Ostrowski type inequalities for functions whose second derivatives absolute values are convex and applications

erdem, yusuf/0000-0002-1915-1648WOS: 000415323800006We first establish some Ostrowski type inequalities for mappings whose second derivatives absolute values are convex. Then we give some special cases of these inequalities which provide extensions of those given in earlier works. Finally, some applications of these inequalities for special means are also provided. (C) 2017 Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND licens

High pressure phase transitions in SnO2 polymorphs by first-principles calculations

The structural and mechanical properties of SnO2 polymorphs are investigated by the calculations of first-principles density functional theory (DFT) which employs Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) parameterized by Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE). Structural parameters are in good agreement with experimental and other theoretical results. Pressure induced phase transitions have occurred in the following sequence: the rutile-type → the CaCl 2-type at 7.59 GPa, the CaCl2-type → the α-PbO2-type at 11.50 GPa, the α-PbO2-type → the pyrite-type at 18.70 GPa, the pyrite-type → the ZrO 2-type at 25.69 GPa, the ZrO2-type → the cotunnite-type at 32.71 GPa, the cotunnite-type → the fluorite-type at 19.70 GPa. The mechanical properties of these polymorphs such as bulk modulus B0 and its first derivative B0′ and the elastic stiffness constants of them are calculated. It is shown that the results determined in this study are compatible with the experimental and other theoretical calculations. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

High pressure phase transitions in SnO2 polymorphs by first-principles calculations

The structural and mechanical properties of SnO2 polymorphs are investigated by the calculations of first-principles density functional theory (DFT) which employs Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) parameterized by Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE). Structural parameters are in good agreement with experimental and other theoretical results. Pressure induced phase transitions have occurred in the following sequence: the rutile-type › the CaCl 2-type at 7.59 GPa, the CaCl2-type › the ?-PbO2-type at 11.50 GPa, the ?-PbO2-type › the pyrite-type at 18.70 GPa, the pyrite-type › the ZrO 2-type at 25.69 GPa, the ZrO2-type › the cotunnite-type at 32.71 GPa, the cotunnite-type › the fluorite-type at 19.70 GPa. The mechanical properties of these polymorphs such as bulk modulus B0 and its first derivative B0' and the elastic stiffness constants of them are calculated. It is shown that the results determined in this study are compatible with the experimental and other theoretical calculations. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved