Directing Selectivity of Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction Using Plasmonics

Catalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction in aqueous electrolytes suffer from high energy input requirements, competition with hydrogen evolution from water reduction, and low product selectivity. Theory suggests that plasmonic catalysts can be tuned to selectively lower the energy barrier for a specific reaction in a set of competitive reactions, but there has been little experimental evidence demonstrating plasmon-driven selectivity in complicated multielectron electrochemical processes. Here, the photoactivity at a plasmonically active silver thin film electrode at small cathodic potentials selectively generates carbon monoxide while simultaneously suppressing hydrogen production. At larger cathodic potentials, the photoactivity promotes production of methanol and formate. Methanol production is observed only under illumination, not in dark conditions. The preference of the plasmonic activity for carbon dioxide reduction over hydrogen evolution and the ability to tune plasmonic activity with voltage demonstrates that plasmonics provide a promising approach to promote complex electrochemical reactions over other competing reactions

Applying a new version of the Brazilian-Portuguese UPSIT smell test in Brazil

Standardized olfactory tests are now available to quantitatively assess disorders of olfaction. A Brazilian-Portuguese version of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) is currently being developed specifically for the Brazilian population. The most recent Brazilian-Portuguese version of the UPSIT (UPSIT-Br2) was administered to 88 Brazilian subjects who had no history of neurological or otorhinolaryngological disease. UPSIT-Br2 scores decreased with age, were lower in men than in women, and were lower in subjects with lower income. The degree to which the poorer performance of subjects with lower socio-economic status reflects lack of familiarity with test items is not known. Although this version of the UPSIT provides a sensitive and useful test of smell function for the Brazilian population, a revision of some test items is needed to achieve comparable norms to those found using the North American UPSIT in the United States

An analytic solution to the Busemann-Petty problem on sections of convex bodies

We derive a formula connecting the derivatives of parallel section functions of an origin-symmetric star body in R^n with the Fourier transform of powers of the radial function of the body. A parallel section function (or (n-1)-dimensional X-ray) gives the ((n-1)-dimensional) volumes of all hyperplane sections of the body orthogonal to a given direction. This formula provides a new characterization of intersection bodies in R^n and leads to a unified analytic solution to the Busemann-Petty problem: Suppose that K and L are two origin-symmetric convex bodies in R^n such that the ((n-1)-dimensional) volume of each central hyperplane section of K is smaller than the volume of the corresponding section of L; is the (n-dimensional) volume of K smaller than the volume of L? In conjunction with earlier established connections between the Busemann-Petty problem, intersection bodies, and positive definite distributions, our formula shows that the answer to the problem depends on the behavior of the (n-2)-nd derivative of the parallel section functions. The affirmative answer to the Busemann-Petty problem for n\le 4 and the negative answer for n\ge 5 now follow from the fact that convexity controls the second derivatives, but does not control the derivatives of higher orders.Comment: 13 pages, published versio

Synthesis of CoAl2O4 by double decomposition reaction between LiAlO2 and molten KCoCl3

Submicronic CoAl2O4 powders were prepared by double decomposition reaction between solid LiAlO2 and molten KCoCl3 at 500 ◦C for 24 h. The reaction mechanism involves the dissolution of LiAlO2 shifted by the precipitation of CoAl2O4 until complete transformation and the reaction leads to powders with a very homogeneous chemical composition. The powders obtained were mainly characterized by XRD, FTIR, ICP, X.EDS, electron microscopy and diffraction and diffuse reflexion. The blue pigments obtained exhibit a high thermic stability allowing their use for the colouring of ceramic tiles

Assessment of Mechanical Problems for Centrifugal Pumps in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India

Centrifugal pumps are vital property of the agriculture sector. A good quality pump can assure uninterrupted water supply to irrigate crops. The consumer of agriculture sector is largely illiterate and shortcoming of the pumps is faced by farmers in the terms of wastage of money. The study has carried out to grow awareness about the technique among the farmers. In such cases reliable functioning of the pump is an absolute necessity. The major objective of this paper is the analysis of the component life and frequency of occurrence of problem in a centrifugal pump. A survey was conducted among the farmers of tube well irrigated areas and subsequently analyzed. It was found that frequency of occurrence of leakage and excessive noise are 3.17 and 3.11 years which is the most frequent shortcoming found under study. It was also found that the mean life of centrifugal pump components i.e. Bearing, Packing, Impeller, shaft and casing was found as 3.56 , 3.18 , 3.61, 4.20 and 4.64 years respectively. The package of seal has longest life for the operation of centrifugal pump. For the frequency of occurrence of these problems, four the category scale has also chosen. Value 1 refers to always occurs, 2 most frequent occurs, 3 occasionally occurs, 4 – rarely occurs. Under the study a centrifugal pump for irrigating crop has treated as vital input, which is also a key factor in boosting productivity, for the national development and food security

Investigation of Canard Missile with Planar and Grid Fins by using CFD Tool

The aerodynamic coefficients and flow surrounding a canard missile design were predicted using viscous computational fluid dynamics simulation. The computations were performed at speeds between 1.5 and 3.0. High-speed flight is possible with canard deflection angles of 0 to 10 degrees, as well as planar and grid tail fins. The estimated aerodynamic coefficients were found to be astonishingly close to those obtained in the wind tunnel once data from the wind tunnel was analysed. It is possible that the flow visualisations produced by this work could lead to a better understanding of flow physics and the development of superior canard and tail fin designs for missiles and rockets among other things. Planar fins have a negative roll impact because of the pressure difference between the lowered fin and the canard trailing vortices. Grid tail fins improved the canards\u27 ability to roll at low supersonic speeds by increasing their rolling efficiency

PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI KESEHATAN MASA HAMIL (ANTENATAL CARE) BERBASIS WEB PADA PUSKESMAS BONANG I KABUPATEN DEMAK

Puskesmas Bonang I merupakan lembaga penyedia layanan kesehatan masyarakat di wilayah kecamatan Bonang Kabupaten Demak yang melayani berbagai pelayanan kesehatan, salah satunya adalah pelayanan kesehatan masa hamil (Antenatal Care). Pelayanan kesehatan masa hamil menurut Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia No.97 Tahun 2014 adalah setiap kegiatan dan/atau serangkaian kegiatan yang dilakukan sejak terjadinya masa konsepsi hingga melahirkan. Selama ini, pendataan kehamilan pada Puskesmas Bonang I dilakukan menggunakan tulisan tangan pada selembar kertas kohort yang diverifikasi setiap akhir bulan. Prosedur manual tersebut menimbulkan keterbatasan jarak dan waktu pengaksesan data yang tersebar baik dalam rangka melakukan pelaporan maupun pemantauan. Keterbatasan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan mengembangkan sistem informasi kesehatan masa hamil berbasis web, atau dapat disebut sebagai Sistem Informasi Antenatal Care. Sistem ini dibuat dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP, framework codeigniter, dan menggunakan DBMS MySQL. Sistem dapat menampilkan jumlah kehamilan dari setiap desa beserta informasi detail kehamilan seperti riwayat pemeriksaan dan riwayat rujukan hingga status risiko dari kehamilan tersebut. Selain itu, sistem dapat membantu bidan koordinator puskesmas melakukan verifikasi data kehamilan dan pemeriksaan baru serta mengunduh ringkasan informasi kehamilan seluruh desa setiap bulan dalam bentuk laporan. Sistem diuji menggunakan pengujian fungsional dengan pendekatan black box dan pengujian usability. Hasil analisis pengujian usability secara keseluruhan pada aspek kemudahan diperoleh persentase nilai 97,4%, aspek efisiensi 99,4%, aspek kemudahan diingat 89,2%, aspek kesalahan 97,5%, aspek kepuasan 99,2%, dan persentase nilai keseluruhan 96,5% atau dalam kualifikasi sangat baik