2 research outputs found
Prevalence, Risk Factors and Treatment Outcomes of Acute Asthma Exacerbations in Rural South-Western Nigeria: A Three-year Retrospective Observational Study
There is increasing evidence that asthma-related morbidity and mortality may
be greater in older population due to greater risk of coexisting co-morbidities.
The study ascertained the prevalence, risk factors, and treatment outcomes of
asthma exacerbation admissions at a tertiary hospital in rural southwestern
Nigeria. A retrospective observational survey using data form and predetermined questionnaire was used to review the patients admitted for asthma
exacerbation between January 2019 and December 2021. The data were
analyzed using SPSS Version 22.0. The results were presented in descriptive
and tabular formats. A p-value of <0.05 was used to determine the significant of
association. A total of 102 asthma patients were studied. The prevalence of
asthma exacerbation was 5.1%, and its risk factors were family history (p =
0.032 ), tobacco smoking (p = 0.040), keeping pets (p = 0.028), co-morbidity
(p=0.001), numbers of co-morbidities (p<0.001), hypertension (p<0.001), obesity
(p<0.001), obstructive sleep apnea (p=0.004), COPD (P<0.001), Diabetes mellitus
(p<0.001), and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (p=0.037).The treatment
outcomes showed that 85.3% of the patients were discharged, 11.8% DAMA,
and 2.9% died on admission. The study strengthens the argument that asthma
exacerbation morbidity and mortality are higher in older age population. The
results may provide an impetus for asthma preventive intervention, control
strategies, and future research in the study area
Socio-Demographic Profile, Asymptomatic Malaria Parasitaemia and Glycemic Control among Midled-Aged and Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Rural Southwestern Nigeria: A Cross Sectional Study
The main therapeutic goal for all type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
patients is to maintain good control so as to prevent the risk of
complications associated with poor control. This study determined the prevalence of poor control and its association with
socio-demographics and malaria parasitaemia among middle
aged and elderly T2DM patients at a tertiary hospital in rural
Southwestern Nigeria. We conducted a retrospective observational study on 250 T2DM using semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Venous blood samples were collected
and processed for glycated hemoglobin sugar estimation and
malaria parasite detection by microscopy. Data were analyzed
using SPSS version 20.0. Multivariate logistic regression identified the association of socio-demographics and asymptomatic
malaria parasitaemia with poor control. The prevalence of poor
glycemic control was 31.6% (95%CI: 34.4%-45.8%). Old age,
(AOR=4.868; 95% CI: 1.258-24.574), female genders (AOR=7.100;
95% CI: 1.875-34.655), no formal education (AOR=3.447; 95% CI:
1.098-21.478), presence of malaria parasitaemia (AOR=48.423;
95% CI: 4.987-411.366), and higher parasite density (AOR=7.102;
95% CI: 1.785-15.002), were significantly associated with poor
control. Health facilities should integrate screening of malaria
parasitaemia into the management of T2DM patients while also
exploring other barriers of poor control