Influence of boron on the morphological and physiological growth parameters of bean

Foi estudada a influência do boro no crescimento do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) var. Cacahuate cultivado em solução nutritiva nas concentrações de 0,000; 0,005; 0,050 e 0,500 ppm de boro. A deficiência de boro afetou de maneira bastante pronunciada o desenvolvimento das raízes e o crescimento foliar e total das plantas. Através da taxa de assimilação aparente (TAA) observou-se que a deficiência de boro ocasionou um atraso nas atividades fotossintéticas, ao passo que outros parâmetros morfológicos e fisiológicos estudados não apresentaram resultados conclusivos sobre o papel do boro no desenvolvimento do feijoeiro.Effect of boron on Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Cacahuate was studied in nutrient solutions containing 0.000; 0.005; 0.050 and 0.500 ppm of the element. The deficiency of boron affected root growth, leaf development and plant growth. Lower values of net assimilation rate (NAR) indicated reduced photosynthetic activity in the case of boron deficiency. No definite conclusions regarding the role of boron could be drawn on the basis of the other morphological or physiological parameters studied

Anatomía comparada de la lámina foliar del género Distichlis (Poaceae)

Six species and 11 varieties of the genus Distichlis Raf. were compared anatomically. The taxa studied were: Distichlis australis (Speg.) Villamil; D. humilis Phil.; D. palmeri (Vasey) Fassett ex I.M. Johnst.; D. scoparia (Nees ex Kunth) Arechav. var. erinacea (Beetle) Nicora and var. scoparia; and D. spicata (L.) Greene, represented by the following eight varieties: var. borealis (J. Presl) Beetle, var. divaricata Beetle, var. mendocina (J. Presl) Hack., var. mexicana Beetle, var. nana Beetle, var. spicata, var. stolonifera Beetle and var. stricta (Torr.) Scribn. Also included were two taxa for which the anatomical information was taken from the literature: Distichlis laxiflora Hack. and Distichlis spicata var. distichophylla (Michx.) Beetle. Fourteen anatomical characters of taxonomic value were found, seven in cross section and seven in the epidermis as seen in surface view. Distichlis australis and D. palmeri were found to differ from all of the other species. Distichlis humilis, D. scoparia and D. spicata form an anatomically homogeneous group, but with characteristics that distinguish each of them. Within Distichlis spicata, no anatomical character or combination of characters was found that would justify the recognition of infraspecific taxa and/or segregate species. For this reason, these taxa are considered to be synonyms of D. spicata.Se hizo un estudio anatómico-sistemático de seis especies y 11 variedades del género Distichlis Raf. Los taxa incluidos fueron: D. australis (Speg.) Villamil; D. humilis Phil.; D. palmeri (Vasey) Fassett ex I. M. Johnst.; D. scoparia (Nees ex Kunth) Arechav. var. erinacea (Beetle) Nicora, y var. scoparia; y D. spicata (L.) Greene, esta última representada por las siguientes ocho variedades: var. borealis (J. Presl) Beetle, var. divaricata Beetle, var. mendocina (Phil.) Hack., var. mexicana Beetle, var. nana Beetle, var. spicata, var. stolonifera Beetle y var. stricta (Torr.) Scribn. Se incluyeron dos taxa cuya información anatómica fue extraída de la literatura: Distichlis laxiflora Hack. y Distichlis spicata var. distichophylla (Michx.) Beetle. Se encontraron 14 caracteres anatómicos considerados de valor taxonómico, siete en corte transversal y siete en vista superficial de la epidermis abaxial. Distichlis australis y D. palmeri difieren claramente del resto de las especies. Distichlis humilis, D. scoparia y D. spicata forman un grupo anatómicamente homogéneo pero con características que las hacen distintivas a cada una. Para Distichlis spicata, no se encontró ningún carácter o combinación de caracteres anatómicos con los cuales pueda separarse en distintos grupos. Por esta razón, las especies, subespecies y/o variedades propuestas por algunos autores para esta entidad se consideran sinónimos de D. spicata

Spousal involvement and CPAP adherence: A dyadic perspective

Poor adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment is associated with substantial health care costs, morbidity and mortality, and has been a leading obstacle in the effective management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Successful interventions to improve CPAP adherence may ultimately include a variety of components. For patients living with spouses (refers to all domestic partners), the spouse will likely be an integral component to any successful intervention. Developing understanding of the role of spouses in adherence to CPAP has been identified to be a critical research need. This review expands the investigation of CPAP adherence to a broader context, from an exclusive focus on individual patients to a dyadic perspective encompassing both patients and their spouses. A conceptual framework based on social support and social control theories is proposed to understand spousal involvement in CPAP adherence. Methodologies for future investigations are discussed, along with implications for developing interventions that engage both patients and their spouses to improve CPAP use

Anatomía de la lámina foliar del género Trisetum (Gramineae: Pooideae) en México

Leaf anatomy in transverse section and abaxial epidermis for twelve species of Trisetum Pers. present in Mexico is described. Elongate mesophyll cells with undulated walls were observed in nine species. The epidermis costal zone of all species, except T. filifolium, showed short silica and cork cells frequently arranged in rows. Those short cells appeared solitary or in pairs in the intercostal zone of only four species. Solitary, elongate silica bodies undulated in outline were found in costal zone of all species.Se describe la anatomía foliar en sección transversal y de la epidermis abaxial para 12 especies de Trisetum Pers. presentes en México. En nueve de ellas se observaron células del mesófilo alargadas con paredes onduladas. En la zona costal de la epidermis de todas las especies, excepto T. filifolium, las células cortas (de sílice y de corcho) frecuentemente se presentan en hileras, y en la zona intercostal éstas se observaron solamente en cuatro especies, ya sea en pares o solitarias. En la zona costal se encontraron cuerpos de sílice alargados, solitarios y de contorno ondulado

Caracterización de dos tipos de Vanilla planifolia

In the reproductive state, two kinds of vanilla plants were selected: a) Mansa or Fina and b) Oreja de Burro or Mestiza. Their vegetative and reproductive parts were measured. The flowering periods and number of retained fruits were recorded. The vegetative parts of Oreja de Burro were larger, with a significance of 0.01. The number of flowers per inflorescence is less in Oreja de Burro, and the perianth has a larger yellowish zone. The fruit of Oreja de Burro is larger and its base is more slender than in the Mansa. The periods of abundant flowering were aproximately 20 and 30 days for Mansa and Oreja de Burro, respectively. Between 1.5 and 2.5 months after polinization, Oreja de Burro aborted 74% of its fruits, the harvest was only from 20% of the initial fruit set. As opposed to these results, the Mansa aborted only 3 to 4% per month; the harvest was more than 75% of the initial fruit set. We conclude that Oreja de Burro and Mansa have morphological and phenological characteristics which permit their clear separation.Se seleccionaron plantas de dos tipos de vainilla en estado reproductivo: a) Mansa o Fina, y b) Oreja de Burro o Mestiza. Se midió el tamaño de las estructuras vegetativas y reproductivas. Se registraron los períodos de floración y el número de frutos retenidos. Las estructuras vegetativas fueron mayores, con 0.01 de significancia en la Oreja de Burro. El número de flores por inflorescencia es menor en la Oreja de Burro; además, la base del perianto tiene una zona amarillenta más grande. El fruto de la Oreja de Burro es más largo, y tiene la base más adelgazada. Los períodos intensos de floración fueron aproximadamente de 20 días para la Mansa y 30 para la Oreja de Burro. Entre 1.5 y 2.5 meses después de la polinización, la Oreja de Burro abortó 74% del total de los frutos; la cosecha sólo fue de 20% de los frutos iniciales. En contraste, la Mansa abortó 3 a 4 % por mes; la cosecha fue superior a 75% de los frutos retenidos al principio. Se concluye que la Oreja de Burro y la Mansa presentan características morfológicas y fenológicas que permiten separarlas claramente en dos tipos diferentes

High-Dimensional Phenotypic Mapping of Human Dendritic Cells Reveals Interindividual Variation and Tissue Specialization

Given the limited efficacy of clinical approaches that rely on ex vivo generated dendritic cells (DCs), it is imperative to design strategies that harness specialized DC subsets in situ. This requires delineating the expression of surface markers by DC subsets among individuals and tissues. Here, we performed a multiparametric phenotypic characterization and unbiased analysis of human DC subsets in blood, tonsil, spleen, and skin. We uncovered previously unreported phenotypic heterogeneity of human cDC2s among individuals, including variable expression of functional receptors such as CD172a. We found marked differences in DC subsets localized in blood and lymphoid tissues versus skin, and a striking absence of the newly discovered Axl+ DCs in the skin. Finally, we evaluated the capacity of anti-receptor monoclonal antibodies to deliver vaccine components to skin DC subsets. These results offer a promising path for developing DC subset-specific immunotherapies that cannot be provided by transcriptomic analysis alone