Factors influencing infections caused by Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria in patients with urinary tract infections at RSUD dr. R. Soetijono Blora

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection that is often found in pediatric patients. The prevalence of infections due to ESBL-producing Enterobacterales is increasing worldwide. This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that influence Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria in UTI patients at RSUD dr. R. Soetijono Blora. A cross-sectional study has been carried out at RSUD dr. R. Soetijono Blora in January-March 2023. The results of this study showed that 58 respondents with urine culture results found Enterobacterales pathogenic bacteria. Based on the sensitivity test for the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) enzyme producer, 39 people (67.2%) were categorized as ESBLs and 19 people (32.8%) Non-ESBLs. The study variables included age, gender, history of catheter insertion, history of stones or urinary tract surgery and history of taking antibiotics in the last 6 months. The chi-square test to determine the relationship between variables was used to determine significant risk factors. Bivariate logistic regression showed that history of catheter insertion and history of use of antibiotics in the last 6 months were significant risk factors. Prevalence of UTIs due to ESBL-producing Enterobacterales in RSUD dr. R. Soetijono Blora is high and the wise use of antibiotics, especially the third generation cephalosporins as therapy, is needed for preventive strategies to reduce antibiotic resistanc

Pengaruh Inokulasi Berbagai Tingkat Konsentrasi Aspergillus flavus pada Pakan Ternak

Kapang Aspergillus flavus berdampak merugikan industri pakan ternak karena kapang ini dapat tumbuh dengan mudah pada bahan penyusun pakan ternak. Untuk itu, dilakukan pengamatan pertumbuhan kapang A. flavus pada pakan yang telah diinokulasi dengan tiga tingkat inokulasi berbeda yaitu 103, 104, 105 spora A. flavus per gram pakan, diinkubasi selama tujuh hari pada suhu 25-28°C dan dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2014 dan April 2015. Hasil inokulasi menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang dilakukan di bulan April 2015 menghasilkan pertumbuhan koloni yang berbeda nyata dalam hal jumlah koloni yang tumbuh dalam media agar (SDA) dibandingkan dengan yang dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2014. Hal ini terjadi karena pada bulan Desember 2014 tingkat kelembabannya 60% sedangkan April 2015 tingkat kelembabannya 80%. Semakin banyak inokulasi semakin tinggi jumlah populasi A. flavus pada pakan

Several Functions of Rhizopus sp on Increasing Nutritional Value of Feed Ingredient

Rhizopus sp is a type of fungi which easily grow in the soil, fruit, vegetables and fermented food. This paper describes some functions of Rhizopus sp on increasing nutritional value of feed ingredient and possibility of its application in Indonesia. Rhizopus mold has been known in Indonesia especially for tempe production for food. Research about Rhizopus sp gives knowledge for utilizing Rhizopus sp for other functions. Rhizopus sp is able to inhibit the growth of toxigenic fungus, Aspergillus flavus and to degrade aflatoxin. Rhizopus sp also produces compounds which are able to inhibit pathogenic bacteria and acts as antioxidant. Rhizopus sp absorbs some minerals and changes them to become organic minerals hence it increases mineral absorption by the body. Utilization of feed fermented by Rhizopus sp in livestock showed better result compared to non fermented feed. Rhizopus sp is also very potential to be applied as feed additive for livestock

EVALUATION OF SULFURIC ACID, BARIUM CHLORIDE, AND SEED GERMINATION ASSAY METHODS AS EARLY PREGNANCY DETECTION INSTRUMENTS IN CATTLE

This study aims to validate and re-evaluate the use of H2SO4, BaCl2, and seed germination assay (SGA) methods to detect early pregnancy in cattle. Validation was carried out in order to find out the actual test performance value, which include accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.Validation test was done by reacting the urine of pregnant and non-pregnant cattle populations with H2SO4 solution diluted at a ratio of 1 : 4, with 1% BaCl2 solution or through germination of mung bean seeds in Petri dishes. The results of this study indicated that the H2SO4 and BaCl2 methods have poor accuracy (21.88% and 28.13%) with the sensitivity of 81.82% and 100% and specificity of 9.43% and 13.21%, respectively. Meanwhile, the SGA method had a fairly good accuracy (74.55%) with sensitivity and specificity of 45.46% and 81.82%, respectively. Based on these results, the H2SO4, BaCl2, and SGA methods are not recommended for detection of early pregnancy in the field

IDENTIFIKASI GOLONGAN DARAH DAN KEMUNGKINAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN WARNA RAMBUT PADA KUCING DOMESTIK INDONESIA (Felis familiaris)

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui distribusi penyebaran golongan darah A, B, dan AB dan mengetahui kemungkinan hubungan antara golongan darah dengan kemunculan pola warna rambut pada kucing domestik di Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 50 ekor kucing domestik yang berasal dari daerah Bogor dan Bekasi. Pemeriksaan golongan darah kucing dilakukan dengan identifikasi golongan darah dengan kit antibodi monoklonal Shigeta(Jepang). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua kucing domestik yang diteliti bergolongan darah A dan tidak diperoleh tanda-tanda adanya hubungan antara golongan darah dengan warna rambut. Terdapat sembilan kemunculan warna rambut yang terdiri atas warna tunggal, kombinasi dua warna, dan kombinasi tiga warna

Analisis Kualitas dan Kuantitas Air Limbah Domestik di Institut Teknologi Kalimantan (Studi Kasus: Gedung B)

Pembuangan air limbah yang bersumber dari kegiatan domestik maupun industri ke badan air dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan apabila kualitas air limbah tidak memenuhi baku mutu air limbah. Institut Teknologi Kalimantan (ITK), merupakan kampus yang mendukung program ¬eco-campus. Dalam program ini, salah satunya adalah pengolahan air limbah. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini akan dikaji jumlah air limbah greywater dari wastafel Gedung B ITK dan kuantitas dari parameter pH, TSS dan fosfat dengan metode sampling dan uji sampling menurut SNI, untuk kemudian dirumuskan pengolahannya. Pada penelitian pendahuluan ini didapatkan bahwa kadar pH adalah 7,04 saat langsung diuji, dan turun menjadi 5,81 ketika sampel didiamkan dua hari. Kadar TSS adalah sebesar 0 mg/L dan kadar fosfat berada di kisaran 0,080 – 0,087 mg/L. Dari hasil pengujian lab, didapatkan bahwa ketiga parameter ini masih di bawah standar baku mutu. Oleh karena itu, greywater dari limbah wastafel di Gedung B ITK ini dapat diolah untuk dimanfaatkan langsung tanpa perlakuan

Indigenous Goat Genetic Resources In Indonesia: Current Status and Future Improvement

Goats have made an important contribution to household income and food security, especially in rural areas. Goats have provided meat and milk as high-quality protein sources, and are an integral part of rural livelihoods and an insurance against future emergencies. Nearly 19.22 million heads of goats are distributed throughout the Islands of Indonesia, most of which belong to indigenous breeds, which possess phenotypic and genetic diversities that are indispansable for their conservation and genetic improvement programs. Despite their considerable diversities, not all the indigenous goats are fully characterized and harnessed. Unfortunately, some are classified as at risk of extinction. Since small-scale farmers with traditional production systems dominate in the country, goat productivity is relatively low. But the indigenous goats are still important genetic resources due to their adaptive traits that are relevant to climate change and low maintenance. This review gives an overview of the current knowledge, production system, and future improvement of the indigenous goat genetic resources in Indonesia