Demonstration of chondroitin sulfates degrading endo-β-glucuronidase activity in rabbit liver

AbstractReduced chondroitin sulfate was incubated with rabbit liver extracts followed by reduction once more with sodium [3H]borohydride, and then passed through a Sephadex G-100 column. Chondroitin sulfate obtained from the incubation medium at pH 4 was only slightly depolymerized and was highly radioactive. Paper Chromatographic analyses showed that glucuronic acid residues became exposed at the reducing terminal of chondroitin sulfate after incubation with the liver extracts. These results suggest that endo-β-glucuronidase activity which degrades chondroitin sulfate is present in the rabbit liver

Effect of substrate inclination on the magnetic anisotropy of ultrathin Fe films grown on Al₂ O₃(0001)

We have investigated the effect of substrate inclination on the in-plane magnetic anisotropy of ultrathin Fe films grown on Al₂O₃(0001). For Fe films grown on flat Al₂O₃ substrates, no preferred direction of magnetization exists in the film plane due to the three equivalent epitaxial orientations of Fe(110) that form. However, for Fe grown on an inclined Al₂O₃ substrate, a uniaxial anisotropy appears that is parallel to the step edges. The anisotropy increases in magnitude with decreasing Fe thickness and growth temperature, and as the surface morphology changes from being rough to being smooth. We attribute the uniaxial anisotropy to the effective demagnetization field caused by the surface corrugation.Yu Shiratsuchia, Yasushi Endo, and Masahiko Yamamoto, Bader, S. D, Journal of Applied Physics 97, 10J106 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1850075

Magnetic phase transition and anisotropy of ultrathin Fe films grown on inclined Al₂O₃(0001) substrates

We investigated the magnetic properties of ultrathin Fe films grown on inclined Al₂O₃(0001) substrates at various growth temperatures. We report the evolution of the magnetism with Fe thickness tFe, growth temperature, and the effect of the inclination of the substrate orientation on the magnetic anisotropy. The films are superparamagnetic (tFe≈5 monolayer, ML), ferromagnetic (tFe>15 ML), or coexistent (tFe≈10 ML). The effect of inclination of the substrate is small in the superparamagnetic region and substantial in the ferromagnetic region. Fe thin films grown on the inclined substrate have a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with the magnetic easy axis parallel to the step edge. This uniaxial magnetic anisotropy might be derived from the effective demagnetizing field due to the magnetic charge distribution at the corrugated surface. The strength of the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy decreases as the growth temperature increases. The dependence of the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy on growth temperature is caused by the change of growth mechanism, from smooth to rough with an increasing of growth temperature.Yu Shiratsuchi, Yasushi Endo, and Masahiko Yamamoto, Dongqi Li and S. D. Bader, Journal of Applied Physics 95, 6897 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1667432

Pore-size expansion of hexagonal-structured nanocrystalline titania/CTAB Nanoskeleton using cosolvent organic molecules

Pore-size expansion of hexagonal-structured assembly of nanocrystalline titania (anatase) combined with cetyltrimethyammonium bromide (CH(3)(CH(2))(15)N(+)(CH(3))(3)Br(-), CTAB) (named as Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB Nanoskeleton) was achieved with the aid of cosolvent organic molecules (COMs). The pore-size expanded Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB Nanoskeleton was prepared through the sot-gel reaction of titanium oxysulfate sulfuric acid hydrate (TiOSO(4)center dot xH(2)SO(4)center dot xH(2)O, TiOSAH) in an aqueous solution initiated by CAB swollen micelles pre-prepared with the addition of COMs into aqueous CTAB micellar solutions at 60 degrees C (the product was named as Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/COM Nanoskeleton). Long-chain alcohol (1-hexadecanol. C16OH), normal alkane (n-decane, C10) and benzene derivatives (benzene. Bz; 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, TMB; 1,3,5-triethylbenzene, TEB; 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene, TiPB) were used as COMs to evaluate the effects of COM solubilization site in CTAB micelles and COM molecular size on the pore-size expansion of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/COM Nanoskeleton. We found that 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB) and 1,3,5-triethylbenzene (TEB) act as effective COMs for pore-size expansion of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/COM Nanoskeleton in aqueous media. Pore sizes (average diameters) of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/TMB Nanoskeleton and Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/TEB Nanoskeleton were enlarged up to 4.2 nm and 4.3 nm, respectively, while pore size (average diameter) of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB Nanoskeleton prepared in the absence of any COMs was 2.9 nm. We also revealed that thermal stability of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/TMB Nanoskeleton became higher than that of Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB Nanoskeleton. The hexagonally pore-structure of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB/TMB Nanoskeleton was retained up to 400 degrees C, while the hexagonally pore-structure of the Hex-ncTiO(2)/CTAB Nanoskeleton was kept up to 300 degrees C.ArticleCOLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS. 371(1-3):29-39 (2010)journal articl

Seronegative Oligoarthritis Preceding Psoriasis by 9.5 Years

We report a case of psoriatic arthritis where oligoarthritis preceded the skin lesions. A 57-year-old man complained of left third-finger pain. Laboratory examinations were negative for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and rheumatoid factor; he was treated for suspected rheumatoid arthritis. Six years later, X-ray revealed enthesitis of his fingers and wrist joint. At 9.5 years after the initial visit, skin lesions appeared in the left auricular region and buttock and dermatopathology findings indicated psoriasis vulgaris. The final diagnosis was psoriatic arthritis. In cases of seronegative oligoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis must be considered because some patients demonstrate osteoarticular lesions preceding skin lesions