Seasonal and sexual variations of fatty acid composition in fillet of Capoeta erhani

The lowest lipid levels of Capoeta erhani observed in winter and vice versa in summer. The fatty acid composition of the fillets was significantly different among seasons (P0.05). The ratios of the unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) were higher than half of the total fatty acids among all seasons. The level of PUFA was highest in autumn (25.91%), and lowest in summer (22.11%). Among seasons and sexes, the levels of total n3 PUFAs in total fatty acids changed from 15.43% to 21.89% and n6 PUFAs from 3.8% to 7.97%, respectively. The level of n3 PUFAs was present in excess that of the n6 PUFAs. The ratios of the n3 PUFAs to n6 PUFAs in the fillets of C. erhani were highest in autumn for both sexes and remarkably influenced by seasons

Clustering Students Based on Gamification User Types and Learning Styles

The aim of this study is clustering students according to their gamification user types and learning styles with the purpose of providing instructors with a new perspective of grouping students in case of clustering which cannot be done by hand when there are multiple scales in data. The data used consists of 251 students who were enrolled at a Turkish state university. When grouping students, K-means algorithm has been utilized as clustering algorithm. As for determining the gamification user types and learning styles of students, Gamification User Type Hexad Scale and Grasha-Riechmann Student Learning Style Scale have been used respectively. Silhouette coefficient is utilized as clustering quality measure. After fitting the algorithm in several ways, highest Silhouette coefficient obtained was 0.12 meaning that results are neutral but not satisfactory. All the statistical operations and data visualizations were made using Python programming language.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

Humoral Rejection in Cardiac Transplantation: Management of Antibody-Mediated Rejection

After a successful heart transplantation, fundamental keys to achieve good results in the long term are to establish immunosuppressive therapy in the postoperative period in an appropriate manner and to ensure continuity of follow-ups. Despite the fact that these stages are maintained perfectly, patients may face one or more rejection episodes. T-cell-mediated acute cellular rejection of the cardiac allograft has well-established treatment algorithms, whereas antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is challenging to diagnose, and its treatment varies between centers. Investigators reported that AMR is among the most important factors to improving long-term outcomes. Improved understanding of the roles of acute and chronic AMR has evolved in recent years following a major progress in the technical ability to detect and quantify recipient antihuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody production. Recently, a study of the immunobiology of B cells and plasma cells that pertains to allograft rejection and tolerance has emerged. There are some questions regarding the classification of AMR, the diagnostic approaches, and the treatment strategies for managing. In this chapter, we are discuss the effector mechanisms that are used by antibodies to eliminate antigens and clinical experience about AMR and its treatment with a discussion about the latest articles

Two new host records for pomphorhynchus laevis (Müller, 1776) (Acanthocephala) recorded from Antalya, Turkey: Small bleak (Alburnus baliki Bogutskaya, Küçük & Ünlü, 2000) and Antalya barb (Capoeta antalyensis Battalgil, 1944)

Acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis specimens are reported in Alburnus baliki and Capoeta antalyensis caught between May and July of 2009 in streams discharging into Antalya Bay. The total prevalence rate for P. laevis was 78.5% and 60% in A. baliki and C. antalyensis, respectively. A total of 28 A. baliki were caught, and 74 P. laevis were recorded in 22 of the 28 fish examined. As for the occurrence of P. laevis in C. antalyensis, a total of 15 fish were caught, and a total of 25 individuals were found in 9 of the 15 fish examined. This finding constitutes the first record of this helminth parasite in either fish species, and the host fishes represent 2 new host records for P. laevis

Genotoxicity of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Objective. To assess the possible effects of both inflammation and the anti-tumor necrosis factor agents (anti-TNF) on DNA damage with a specific assay, and their effects on the repair capacity of DNA. Methods. From a group of 20 children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), 16 patients who completed the study and 16 control subjects were evaluated. DNA damage and repair capacity were analyzed by the comet assay at the level of peripheral lymphocytes before anti-TNF (etanercept) injections and on the 15th, 90th, and 180th days after the first injection. Results. The amount of damage as detected by the aforementioned assay was higher in patients with JIA compared with controls. On the 15th day after the initial anti-TNF injection, there was a decrease in the mean DNA tail length of JIA patients, however on the 90th day an increase was observed; thereafter, an upward trend was observed until the end of the study. JIA patients had a DNA repair capacity that was significantly less than that of controls. Conclusion. The results of the comet technique suggests that JIA patients already have increased basal DNA damage before anti-TNF therapy; they are more sensitive to the DNA damage produced by H 2O 2, and have a less efficient DNA repair system in comparison with control cells. After an initial improvement at 2 weeks, parameters of genotoxicity worsened, and DNA repair was further impaired 6 months after the addition of an anti-TNF agent to treatment. © 2010, American College of Rheumatology

The occurrence of helminth parasites (Nemathelminthes) in some freshwater fish from streams discharging into antalya bay in Antalya, Turkey: Two new host records from Antalya

A total of 65 individuals from 3 different fish species, Capoeta antalyensis (n: 15), Aphanius mento (n: 29), and Pseudophoxinus battalgil (n: 21), were examined for helminth parasites (Nemathelminthes) between May and July of 2009. A total of 123 parasites of 3 species were found in these fish, consisting of 3 nematodes: Rhabdochona denudata, Eustrongylides excisus larvae, and Contracaecum sp. larvae. Among these species, R. denudata was recorded in the intestine of C. antalyensis, with a total of 92 parasites found in 13 of the 15 C. antalyensis examined. The overall prevalence of this species was 86.6%. Two further species of nematodes, Contracaecum sp. larvae and E.. excisus larvae, were found in the abdominal cavities of P battalgil and A. mento, respectively. Contracaecum sp. larvae were found in 10 of 21 fish examined and a total of 29 specimens were recorded, making the overall prevalence of this species 47.6%. Only 2 E. excisus larvae were found in 2 of the 29 fish examined. This study provides the first ichthyoparasitological data for these host fish species in Turkey, and the occurrence of R. denudata in C. antalyensis and Con tracaecum sp. larvae in P battalgil are considered to be new host records for these fish species

Prevalence and intensity of parasitic helminths of thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus in hosts in Beymelek Lagoon Lake in Antalya, Turkey, according to season, host size, age, and sex of the host

In this study, helminth parasites of the thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus) in Beymelek Lagoon, Antalya (Turkey) were studied to determine the effect of seasonal changes and host size, age, and sex on the incidence of parasitic helminth infection. Three helminth species were identified: Ligophorus angustus Euzet & Suriano 1977 (Monogenea) on the gills, and Saccocoelium obesum Looss, 1902 (Digenea) and Neoechinorhynchus agilis (Rudolphi, 1819) (Acanthocephala) in the intestine. Among these species, S. obesum was the most common species, with an overall prevalence and mean intensity of 42.7% and 13.6 +/- 12.5 parasites/fish, respectively. L. angustus was the second most prevalent parasite, with an overall prevalence of 21.3%. The third most prevalent parasite was N. agilis, with an overall prevalence and mean intensity of 12.6% and 3.6 +/- 2.1 parasites/fish, respectively. Regarding the effect of seasonal changes, the prevalence and mean intensity of S. obesum was highest in the summer and spring, respectively. For L. angustus, while the highest prevalence was observed in winter (40.6%), this species was not recorded in summer. The prevalence of N. agilis was rather low (41.6%) in spring, and this species was also not detected in summer. With regard to host size-related incidence, the differences in the abundance of the 3 species among 4 size classes were not significant (P > 0.05). In contrast, there were significant differences in the abundance of N. agilis among the age groups (P = 0.33). As for the infrapopulations of the parasite species depending on the host's sex, significant differences were found in the infrapopulations of L. angustus and S. obesum between the sexes (P < 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively)

Çayköy Deresi (Eğirdir-Isparta)’ndeki Eğirdir Siraz (Capoeta pestai Pietschmann, 1933)’larının Helmint Parazitleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Bu çalışmada, Çayköy deresi (Eğirdir-Isparta)’nden elektroşokerle avlanan Capoeta pestai (Pietschmann, 1933)’nin   helmint parazitleri   araştırılmıştır. Araştırma süresince toplam 150 birey incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda konak balıkta Platyhelminthes grubundan bir tür digenean (Allocreadium isoporum Loos, 1894) ve Nemathelminthes grubundan bir tür nematod (Rhapdochona denudata, Dujardin, 1845) bulunmuştur. Her mevsimde örneklenen bireylerden toplam 188 A. isoporum ve 592 adet R. denudata olmak üzere toplam 780 adet parazit tespit edilmiştir. Her iki parazitin de mevsim, cinsiyet, boy ve yaş değişkenlerine göre; yaygınlık, ortalama yoğunluk, bolluk ve toplam parazit sayıları belirlenmiştir

SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF SOME NEW 2-(4-METHOXYBENZYL)-1H-BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES BEARING TRIAZOLE, OXADIAZOLE AND ETHANOL MOIETY

WOS: 000381065300006A series of novel 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives containing hydrazinecarbothioamide (7a-c), 1,2,4-triazole (8a-c) and 1,3,4-oxadiazole (5) moiety were synthesized starting from 2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-benzimidazole. Then, the compounds 8a-c, 5 were converted to allcylated analogs (9a-c, 6) in the presence of K2CO3 and 2-bromoethanol. the structures of all the synthesized compounds were elucidated by H-1, C-13 NMR and mass spectroscopy. the newly synthesized compounds were tested on the five human cancer cells (breast (BT-20), melanoma (SK-Mel 128), prostate (DU-145), liver (SNU-398) andlung (A549)). the compound 7a had some degree of cytotoxicity against BT-20.Department of Scientific Research Project of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University [2014.102.02.03]We thank Department of Scientific Research Project of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University for financial assistance (Project no: 2014.102.02.03)

Menzelet Baraj Gölü (K.Maraş) ve Küçürge Deresi’ndeki (Adana) Capoeta erhani Turan, Kottelat ve Ekmekçi, 2008’nin Helmint Faunası Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Bu çalışmada, Menzelet Baraj Gölü (Kahramanmaraş) ve Küçürge Deresinde (Adana) avlanan Capoeta erhani, Turan, Kottelat &amp; Ekmekçi, 2008‘nin helmint faunası araştırılmıştır. Buna göre Mart 2013-Şubat 2014’deki araştırma süresince mevsimsel olarak toplam 140 balık örneği muayene edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda konak balıkta iki parazit tanımlanmıştır. Bu parazitler Dactylogyrus lencorani, Mikailov, 1974 ve Neoechinorhynchus zabensis Amin, Abdullah &amp; Mhaisen, 2003 türleridir. Her mevsimde örneklenen balık örneklerinde 7653 adet olarak tespit edilen N.  zabensis’in sadece ilkbahar mevsiminde 59 adet olarak tespit edilen D. Lencorani’ye göre daha baskın olduğu görülmüştür. Gerek ilkbaharda elektroşokerle Küçürge Deresinde ve gerekse Menzelet Baraj Gölünden fanyalı ağlarla dört mevsimde avlanan konak balıklarda baskın parazit olan N. zabensis türünün mevsim, cinsiyet, yaş ve boy değişkenlerine göre; yaygınlık, ortalama yoğunluk, bolluk ve toplam parazit sayıları belirlenmiştir