AFRICAN-AMERICAN MALES IN RURAL EAST TEXAS THAT TRANSITIONED FROM COACHING INTO EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL INQUIRY

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological inquiry was to gain a more in depth insight into a unique phenomenon of five African- American administrators in rural public schools in East Texas that have made the transition from athletic coaching to educational leadership.Through the use of interviews, phenomenological inquiry allowed the inquirer to gain a more in depth personal account into a phenomenon, in hopes of discovering the true essence in which makes this shared, lived experience so unique. All participants in this inquiry were African-American male administrators and had at least four years’ experience as a coach before their transition into educational leadership in which they currently preside, where they have at least eleven years of experience. This study has helped to fill a gap literature and provide a voice for the underrepresented African-American male in educational leadership, while incorporating Schlossberg’s 4S system (the situation, self, support, and strategies) in examining the challenges and complexities of coaches that have transitioned from coaching to educational leadership in rural East Texas. Four themes emerged during this transcendental inquiry to be significant:(a) transformational leadership, (b) relationships,(c) missing coaching, and (d) race

Letter from Glenn Emmons to Senator Langer Regarding Payment for Lands Inundated by the Garrison Dam Project, December 28, 1953

This letter, dated December 28, 1953, from Glenn L. Emmons, Commissioner of the United States (US) Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), to US Senator William Langer, acknowledges receipt of Langer’s letter of December 9 enclosing a copy of a petition Langer had received requesting full per capita payment to the members of the Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation of the balance remaining from the funds authorized by the act of October 29, 1949 (63 Stat. 1026). Emmons recounts for Langer that a per capita payment of $1,000 was made to each member of the Three Affiliated Tribes in accordance with a resolution adopted by the Tribal Business Council on April 13, 1951, and approved by the [US] Department [of the Interior, of which the BIA is unit] on May 4 1951. However, Emmons continues, “after the per capita payment was made and before other provisions of the resolution were carried out by the Tribal Business Council, the tribe[s] in a referendum in 1952 disapproved the resolution of April 13, 1951. An additional per capita payment of$200 was authorized on April 15, 1953.” Since then, Emmons writes, additional per capita payments have been held up for multiple reasons. Among them is the Bureau’s position that “a long-range program for the use of the remaining funds would be more desirable and beneficial than a per capita payment,” because the tribes desired continuing responsibility on the part of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to furnish services to the Indians notwithstanding the approximately $5,000,000 available to them. Emmons adds that the matter of a full per capita payment of the remaining balance was reviewed recently by the US Department of the Interior, with the outcome that “the Department did not favor a full per capita payment of all tribal funds remaining...because of the need for authorizing these funds as a part of a program looking toward the termination of Federal responsibility for administering the affairs of the Three Affiliated Tribes,” a position, he writes, that is “strengthened by the approval of House Concurrent Resolution 108, which states that it is the policy of Congress, as rapidly as possible, to make the Indians within the territorial limits of the United states subject to the same laws and entitled to the same privileges and responsibilities as are practicable to other citizens of the United states to end their status as wards of the United States and to grant them all the rights and prerogatives pertaining to American citizens. See also: Letter from Senator Langer to Glenn Emmons Regarding Payment for Lands Inundated by Garrison Dam Project, December 9, 1953 Letter from Senator Langer to Floyd Montclair Regarding Payment for Lands Inundated by Garrison Dam Project, December 9, 1953https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1903/thumbnail.jp

Quantitative observations of the behavior of anomalous low altitude ClO in the Antarctic spring Stratosphere, 1987

During the second National Ozone Expedition ground-based observations at McMurdo Station Antarctica were performed which resulted in a second season's measurement of abnormally large amounts of ClO in the Antarctic spring stratosphere. The original measurements of 1986, in which the presence of this anomalous layer was first discovered, were limited in low altitude recovery of the ClO mixing ratio profile by the restrictions of the spectral bandwidth (256 MHz) which was used to measure the pressure-broadened ClO emission line shape. The 1987 measurements were marked by the use of twice the spectral bandpass employed the previous year, and allow a better characterization of the ClO mixing ratio profile in the critical altitude range 18 to 25 km. In-situ aircraft measurements of ClO made over the Palmer Peninsula during Aug. and Sept. of 1987 by Anderson, et al. effectively determined the important question of the ClO mixing ratio profile at altitudes inaccessible to our technique, below approximately 18 to 18.5 km. These flights did not penetrate further than 75 deg S, however, (vs 78 deg S for McMurdo) and were thus limited to coverage near the outer boundaries of the region of severest ozone depletion over Antarctica in 1987, did not reach an altitude convincingly above that of the peak mixing ratio for ClO, and were not able to make significant observations of the diurnal variation of ClO. The two techniques, and the body of data recovered by each, thus complement one another in producing a full picture of the anomalous ClO layer intimately connected with the region of Antarctic spring ozone depletion. An analysis is presented of the mixing ratio profile from approximately 18 to 45 km, the diurnal behavior, and the secular change in ClO over McMurdo Station during Sept. and early Oct. 1987

Daytime ClO over McMurdo in September 1987: Altitude profile retrieval accuracy

During the 1987 National Ozone Expedition, mm-wave emission line spectra of the 278.6 GHz rotational stratospheric ClO were observed at McMurdo Station, Antarctica. The results confirm the 1986 discovery of a lower stratospheric layer with approximately 100 times the normal amount of ClO; the 1987 observations, made with a spectrometer bandwidth twice that used in 1986, make possible a more accurate retrieval of the altitude profile of the low altitude component of stratospheric ClO from the pressure broadened line shape, down to approximately 16 km. The accuracy of the altitude profile retrievals is discussed, using the daytime (09:30 to 19:30, local time) data from 20 to 24 September, 1987 as an example. The signal strength averaged over this daytime period is approx. 85 percent of the midday peak value. The rate of ozone depletion implied by the observed ClO densities is also discussed

Photometric measurements of surface characteristics of echo i satellite final report

Photometric measurements of Echo I satellite surface characteristic

Strong interaction of a turbulent spot with a shock-induced separation bubble

Direct numerical simulations have been conducted to study the passage of a turbulent spot through a shock-induced separation bubble. Localized blowing is used to trip the boundary layer well upstream of the shock impingement, leading to mature turbulent spots at impingement, with a length comparable to the length of the separation zone. Interactions are simulated at free stream Mach numbers of two and four, for isothermal (hot) wall boundary conditions. The core of the spot is seen to tunnel through the separation bubble, leading to a transient reattachment of the flow. Recovery times are long due to the influence of the calmed region behind the spot. The propagation speed of the trailing interface of the spot decreases during the interaction and a substantial increase in the lateral spreading of the spot was observed. A conceptual model based on the growth of the lateral shear layer near the wingtips of the spot is used to explain the change in lateral growth rat

Ground-based photometric surveillance of the passive geodetic satellite

Ground-based photometry of Passive Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite /PAGEOS