Teachers’ Perception of Female Principal Leadership Role in Secondary Schools in Calabar Municipality Cross River State, Nigeria

This research was aimed at studying teacher’s perception of female principal leadership role in secondary schools in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria. Twenty schools were selected from a total of forty schools in Calabar Municipality using simple random sampling. Ten teachers were selected from each of the selected schools using systematic sampling technique. A total of two hundred (200) teachers were selected from a total of seven hundred and eighty 780 teachers. The result of the study showed that there was no difference in male and female teachers’ perception of female principals’ leadership style, decision-making, management of schools finances and administrative roles. It was recommended that the female principals should be encouraged since they impact more discipline in the school system. Keywords: Teachers, Principal, leadership, leadership style, principal and perceptio

Effect of lifestyle (eating habits and physical activities) on Weight Gain of Rural and Urban Secondary School Adolescents in Cross River State, Nigeria

A study on the pattern of lifestyles (physical activity and eating habit) amongst students in rural Akpabuyo local government Areas (LGA) and urban Calabar Municipality in Southern Cross River State, Nigeria, was conducted. The design of this study was a cross-sectional survey involving senior secondary school adolescents aged 12-21years. A simple random sampling was used to select four schools from 25 urban and 14 rural secondary schools in the Southern Senatorial District of Cross River State (CRS). Systematic random sampling was used to draw a sample of 480 senior secondary students from a population of 6130 senior secondary students enrolled in 39 secondary schools in rural and urban areas of the study area. The result showed that there was high prevalence of obesity amongst adolescents that took breakfast regularly out of the house. Keywords; obese, eating habit. adolescents, physical activity

Haematological and Hepatological effects of Pito, Burukutu-Guinea corn and Burukutu-Millet in Albino Rats

This study investigated the haematological and hepatological effects of selected locally brewed beers in albino rats. Three locally brewed beers were purchased from locally brewed beer joint in Wukari, Nigeria. Twenty male albino rats were used and were randomly distributed into four groups of five rats each. Group 1 served as normal control, while groups 2, 3 and 4 were administered pito, burukutu-Guinea corn and burukutu-millet (10mL/kg bwt) respectively for 21 days before being sacrificed. Result showed that ALT and AST activities increased in all the groups administered the different beer compared to the control. Cholesterol increased in group 2, but decreased in group 4. Potassium and glucose reduced in all test groups compared to the normal control. The differences in cholesterol, potassium and glucose levels are statistically less-significant (p>0.05) compared to the control. The liver histoarchitectural state of the test animals administered the beers compared to the control animals showed the beers had toxic effect on the animals. There is evidence of infiltration and distortion of some regions of the liver tissue in the test animals. This agrees with the results of serum biochemical parameters evaluated. The WBC, LYM and GRA increased in group 3 and reduced in groups 2 and 4 compared to the control. The MID reduced in all the test groups compared to the control. RBC, Hb and HCT increased in all the test groups compared to the control. The MCV increased only in group 4 and decreased in groups 2 and 3. The MCH, MCHC and RDWc reduced in all the test groups, while PLT, PCT, MPV and PDWc increased in all the test groups compared to the control. This study has shown that constant administration of pito, burukutu-guinea corn and burukutu-millet in the test animals for a long duration caused alterations and negative effect on the liver function, but may not interfere negatively with the Hb and RBC count

Haematological and Hepatological effects of Pito, Burukutu-Guinea corn and Burukutu-Millet in Albino Rats

This study investigated the haematological and hepatological effects of selected locally brewed beers in albino rats. Three locally brewed beers were purchased from locally brewed beer joint in Wukari, Nigeria. Twenty male albino rats were used and were randomly distributed into four groups of five rats each. Group 1 served as normal control, while groups 2, 3 and 4 were administered pito, burukutu-Guinea corn and burukutu-millet (10mL/kg bwt) respectively for 21 days before being sacrificed. Result showed that ALT and AST activities increased in all the groups administered the different beer compared to the control. Cholesterol increased in group 2, but decreased in group 4. Potassium and glucose reduced in all test groups compared to the normal control. The differences in cholesterol, potassium and glucose levels are statistically less-significant (p>0.05) compared to the control. The liver histoarchitectural state of the test animals administered the beers compared to the control animals showed the beers had toxic effect on the animals. There is evidence of infiltration and distortion of some regions of the liver tissue in the test animals. This agrees with the results of serum biochemical parameters evaluated. The WBC, LYM and GRA increased in group 3 and reduced in groups 2 and 4 compared to the control. The MID reduced in all the test groups compared to the control. RBC, Hb and HCT increased in all the test groups compared to the control. The MCV increased only in group 4 and decreased in groups 2 and 3. The MCH, MCHC and RDWc reduced in all the test groups, while PLT, PCT, MPV and PDWc increased in all the test groups compared to the control. This study has shown that constant administration of pito, burukutu-guinea corn and burukutu-millet in the test animals for a long duration caused alterations and negative effect on the liver function, but may not interfere negatively with the Hb and RBC count