Microstructure analysis of titanium oxynitride films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering

This paper presents the structure analysis results of TiOxNy films, deposited using reactive magnetron sputtering with different O2/N2 flow ratio. The impact of increase of N2 flow upon the films structure has been studied. The analysis was carried out by X-ray diffraction method. The lattice parameters and phase composition were calculated using PowderCell 2.4

Bistability and oscillations of the NO/CO reaction on a Pt-Mo supported catalyst

The reaction of NO with CO on a catalyst of 0.5% Pt-3.4% MoO3 supported on a-Al2O3 was studied in different reactors at atm. pressure. A fixed-bed reactor with external recycle loop exhibited bistability and hysteresis as CO concn. or temp. were varied. In a tubular fixed-bed reactor non-isothermal periodic oscillations (DTmax = 40 K) were found in a specific pressure-concn.-temp. region (p-c-T region). The amplitude and period time of the oscillations changed smoothly inside the p-c-T region and died out suddenly at the borders of the region. The oscillations were of a relaxation type and lasted for more than 48 h. With fresh catalyst, a new quartz reactor and a specific pretreatment they were reproducible. It was shown that oscillations had kinetic origins and that the changes of the temp. synchronized the elementary oscillators. An autocatalytic model is proposed to explain the exptl. obsd. phenomena. [on SciFinder (R)

Применение импульсного питания для сварки магистральных трубопроводов

Был проведен анализ напряженно-деформированных состояний моделей магистрального трубопровода, со сварным швом выполненным с разделкой кромок под шестьдесят градусов сваркой в СО2 и со сварным швом выполненным сваркой с применением импульсного питания в среде СО2 со щелевой разделкой кромок. Так же были рассчитаны некоторые параметры создания сварных соединений.An analysis was made of the stress-strain states of models of the main pipeline, with a welded seam made with cutting edges at sixty degrees by welding in CO2 and with a welded weld made using pulsed power in a CO2 medium with slotted cutting edges. Also, some parameters for creating welded joints were calculated

Relations between microelement composition of bed load sediments and sedimentation in delta of the Mekong river (Vietnam)

Актуальность работы. Исследование механизмов формирования природных и природно-антропогенных геохимических аномалий в водных объектах играет исключительно важную роль в геологии и геоэкологии, является необходимым этапом разработки долгосрочных прогнозов состояния водных и наземных экосистем и планирования природоохранных мероприятий. На примере Меконга - крупнейшей реки Индокитая - рассмотрен один из ключевых аспектов этой проблемы - выявление связей между геохимическими и гидрологическими процессами в дельте большой реки. Выбор объекта обусловлен значением реки в социально-экономическом развитии юго-восточной Азии. Цель работы: выявление связей между процессами формирования донных отложений в дельте реки Меконг (Вьетнам) и их микроэлементного состава. Методы исследования: ландшафтно-геохимический и географо-гидрологический методы, математическое моделирование гидрологических процессов. Результаты и выводы. Получены данные о микрооэлементном составе донных отложений в дельте реки Меконг. Выполнена оценка деформаций русла реки Меконг (рукав Хамлуонг) с использованием метода А.В. Караушева по данным промерных работ в 1999 и 2000 гг. в створах, расположенных в 72, 49, 14, 1 км от морского края дельты. Установлено, что аккумуляция наносов преобладает на участке рукава Хамлуонг, 0-31 км от морского края дельты. На основе данных геохимического опробования, проведенного Фунг Тхай Зыонгом в 2013-2014 гг., показано, что, во-первых, в пределах этого участка ежегодно оседает, т/год: Zn - 1244; Cu - 443; Pb - 63; Cd - 18; As - 96; Hg - 1,7. Во-вторых, в дельте Меконга основная часть массы Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, 73 % массы As и 69 % массы Hg формируется за счёт осаждения частиц наносов, с которыми (во взвешенной форме) переносятся указанные микроэлементы. 27 % массы As и 31 % массы Hg связано с сорбцией на осаждающихся частицах и выведением из раствора малорастворимых соединений. Сделан вывод о том, что для сельскохозяйственного использования наиболее оптимально применение донных отложений, изъятых в дельте Меконга на участке от 31 до 15 км. Донные отложения на участке 0-15 км с наиболее высокими концентрациями токсичных микроэлементов целесообразно использовать для строительных нужд при инженерной защите прибрежных территорий.Relevance. The research of formation mechanisms of natural and natural-anthropogenous geochemical anomalies in water objects plays the extremely important role in geology and geoecology is the required stage in developing long-term forecasts of ecosystems state and planning nature protection actions. One of the key aspects of the problem - the revealing of the relations between geochemical and hydrological processes in a delta of the big river - is considered by the example of the largest river of Indochina - the Mekong river. The choice of the object is caused by the value of the river in social and economic development of southeast Asia. The aim of the research is to reveal the relations between the formation of bed load sediments in the delta of the Mekong river (Vietnam) and their microelement composition. Methods of the research: landscape-geochemical and geography-hydrological methods, mathematical modelling of hydrological processes. Results and conclusions. The authors have obtained the data on microelement composition of the bed load sediments in the delta of the Mekong river and have estimated the deformations of the river channel (the Hamluong channel) using the method of A.V. Karaushev by the surveying works in 1999 and 2000 in cross-sections, located in 72, 49, 14, 1 km from sea edge of delta. It was ascertained that accumulation of sediments prevails on a site of the Hamluong channel of 0-31 km from sea edge of the delta. Based on the data of the geochemical approbation which has been carried out by Phung Thai Duong in 2013-2014 it is shown, that within this site 1244 tons of Zn; 443 tons of Cu; 63 tons of Pb; 18 tons of Cd; 96 tons of As; 1,7 tons of Hg annually settle. In the delta of the Mekong river the basic part of weights of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As 73 wt. % and Hg 69 wt. % are formed due to sedimentation of particles with the specified microelements (in the suspended form). As 27 wt. % and Hg 31 wt. % are related with sorbtion on besieged particles and removing poorly soluble substances from a solution. The authors made a conclusion that the application of the bed load sediments withdrawn in the delta of the Mekong river on a site from 31 up to 15 km is optimal for agricultural use. It is appropriate to use the river sediments on a site of 0-15 km with the highest concentrations of toxic microelements for building needs at engineering protection of coastal territories

Contribution of myoglobin-induced increases in vascular resistance to shock decompensation in experimental crush-syndrome in anesthetized rats

Myoglobin is known to become nephrotoxic when released in greater amounts from skeletal muscle into the general circulation during shock. The present study deals with the question as to whether a myoglobin-induced increase in vascular tone additionally contributes to the detrimental role of this protein in hypovolemic shock. Anesthetized rats were subjected to 250 mg(.)kg(-1.)h(-1) myoglobin infused i.v.. during hemorrhagic hypotension of 50 mmHg. Shock survival time was measured, as were blood flow and vascular resistance in kidney, intestine, brain, and heart, using the microsphere method. Rats subjected to only myoglobin or hemorrhage survived a period of >120 min; in contrast, rats, exposed to both myoglobin and hemorrhage died at 68 9 min. When the animals subjected to only hemorrhage and to myoglobin/hemorrhage were compared, significantly lower values were found in the latter group with respect to blood flow in the kidney (1.7 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.2 +/- 0.05 ml(.)min(-1.)g(-1)), small intestine (1.0 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.5 +/- 0.1 ml(.)min(-1.)g(-1)), cardiac output (112 +/- 5 vs. 62 +/- 10 ml(-1.)min(-1.)kg(-1)), and significantly higher values of total peripheral vascular resistance (0.45 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.81 +/- 0.12 mmHg(.)min(.)ml(-1.)kg) at 50 min of hypotension. It is assumed that these effects of myoglobin are induced by its ability to scavenge endogenous nitric oxide, because a modified, non-nitrosylable myoglobin was unable to induce such effects. The results support the view that a pathological release of myoglobin into the general circulation causes increases in vascular resistance of vital organs that may contribute to decompensation of tissue supply when occurring in hypovolemic shock