Workshop on Workload and Training, and Examination of their Interactions: Executive summary

The goal of the workshop was to bring together experts in the fields of workload and training and representatives from the Dept. of Defense and industrial organizations who are reponsible for specifying, building, and managing advanced, complex systems. The challenging environments and requirements imposed by military helicopter missions and space station operations were presented as the focus for the panel discussions. The workshop permitted a detailed examination of the theoretical foundations of the fields of training and workload, as well as their practical applications. Furthermore, it created a forum where government, industry, and academic experts were able to examine each other's concepts, values, and goals. The discussions pointed out the necessity for a more efficient and effective flow of information among the groups respresented. The executive summary describes the rationale of the meeting, summarizes the primary points of discussion, and lists the participants and some of their summary comments

Psychophysiological monitoring: possibilities and prospects

This report describes the present, near, and long term the evolving capabilities for monitoring and interpreting psychophysiological signals and in particular the Event Related Brain Potential (ERP) with particular emphasis on such ERP components as the P300

A Multivariate Approach to the Analysis of Average Evoked Potentials

An approach to the quantitative analysis of average evoked potential data is presented. An average evoked potential is assumed to be a sample from a multivariate normal distribution. Using this assumption, multivariate statistical techniques can be applied to test hypotheses about the similarity or difference of evoked potentials obtained under different conditions

Discriminant Analysis in Average Evoked Response Studies: The Study of Single Trial Data

The data presented suggest that it is possible to make meaningful comparisons between EEG records obtained with a single presentation of the stimulus and the average evoked potential. The technique for measuring evoked response similarity assumes that each record represents a point in a multi-dimensional space, and similarity is defined as the Euclidean distance in this space

Event-Related Brain Potentials: A Tool in the Study of Human Information Processing

A cognitive psychologist of note who is not particularly impressed with event-related potentials (ERPs) commented recently, while reviewing a grant application, that studies of the behavioral correlates of ERPs can be described as studies in which “phenomena are in search of a theory.” The intent was pejorative, but I found the statement complimentary. I was especially pleased because several years ago in a review of one of my own proposals another referee suggested that in the field of ERPs “one sees a technique futilely searching for phenomena!” We have, it would seem, made good progress in the last decade if we have found phenomena and are now searching for a theory. A detailed review of this progress is presented by Callaway, Tueting, and Koslow (in press)

Averaged Evoked Potentials and Uncertainty Resolution

Two Ss were presented with a series of near threshold flashes of light and instructed to report for each flash in which of eight different positions it appeared, and the degree to which they were certain about this judgment. Average evoked potentials to the flashes were also recorded from the occiput. A positive-going wave with latency to the peak of 250 msec appeared when the S was certain about his judgment, whether or not he was correct