TDM/WDM over AWGR Based Passive Optical Network Data Centre Architecture

Passive Optical Data Centre Networks have been developed due to the performance limitations in current data centres to provide high performance within data centre networks. An AWGR based passive optical network data centre architecture is evaluated using a TDM/WDM multiple access technique to provision the flow of traffic among the network efficiently. A Mixed Integer Linear Programming model is developed to optimise resource allocation in the architecture. Using WDM-TDM as a multiple access technique helps in solving issues such as oversubscription and congestion by allowing servers to make simultaneous transmissions of packets in different time slots. The results show that the provisioning / allocation of resource within the architecture is improved with improvements of up to 75% in resource utilisation

Experimental Evaluation of Server Centric Passive Optical Network Based Data Centre Architecture

Passive optical networks (PON) technology has recently been proposed as a solution for scalability, energy efficiency, high capacity, low cost, flexibility and oversubscription issues in data centres. This paper experimentally demonstrates and discusses the implementation of a server centric PON based data centre architecture with high speed and reliability. The architecture is set up using a set of servers grouped into racks directly connected together and to the Optical Line Terminal (OLT) through gateway servers. The switching and routing functionalities have been embedded into servers using 4x10GE Xilinx NetFPGA. Flow continuity has been observed through live video streaming using IP cameras transmitting over up to 110 km optical connections through WDM nodes and the PON network

VM placement over WDM-TDM AWGR PON Based Data Centre Architecture

Passive optical networks (PON) can play a vital role in data centres and access fog solutions by providing scalable, cost and energy efficient architectures. This paper proposes a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model to optimize the placement of virtual machines (VMs) over an energy efficient WDM-TDM AWGR PON based data centre architecture. In this optimization, the use of VMs and their requirements affect the optimum number of servers utilized in the data centre when minimizing the power consumption and enabling more efficient utilization of servers is considered. Two power consumption minimization objectives were examined for up to 20 VMs with different computing and networking requirements. The results indicate that considering the minimization of the processing and networking power consumption in the allocation of VMs in the WDM-TDM AWGR PON can reduce the networking power consumption by up to 70% compared to the minimization of the processing power consumption

Standards for Energy Efficient Virtualization, Content Distribution and Big Data in Beyond 5G Networks

Power consumption in communication networks and the supporting computing systems continues to increase due to the increase in traffic and processing requirements, and due to the relatively slower improvements in energy efficiency. Future networks are expected to continue to move computing algorithms and capabilities into the network including increased use of analytics, machine learning and intelligence applied to big data in the network, with content caching and virtualization. This article summarizes the key features of five new IEEE standards currently being developed to improve the energy efficiency of networks beyond 5G