Interpretation of Comparative Analysis on Antibiotic Stewardship Pre and During COVID-19 in UK Secondary Care.

Published on Octopus. This is an open access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This research project explores antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) and antibiotic prescribing in UK secondary care pre and during COVID-19. Phase 1's literature review identified overuse and irrational use of antimicrobials, emphasising the need for effective AMS. Phase 2's retrospective study at Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust analyzed respiratory tract infection (RTI) cases, revealing consistent clinical characteristics and changes in antibiotic prescribing trends. Phase 3 surveyed healthcare professionals, uncovering knowledge gaps and attitudes towards antibiotic use. The project advocates the importance of AMS, multidisciplinary approaches, and education in combating antimicrobial resistance and ensuring patient safety amidst a global health crisis

Final Report: Real Approaches to the Study of Antimicrobials During the Pandemic (2020-2024)

Published on Octopus. This is an open access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Final Report: Real Approaches to the Study of Antimicrobials During the Pandemic (2020-2024)" by R. Elshenawy provides a comprehensive analysis of antimicrobial use throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This extensive four-year study focuses on antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) and antibiotic safety before and during the pandemic. Key phases include a systematic literature review, cross-sectional studies involving retrospective and prospective data, and preparation of detailed reports. The findings underscore significant shifts in antibiotic use, emphasising the need for robust AMS strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This report serves as a crucial resource for healthcare professionals, offering actionable recommendations to enhance AMS practices and ensure patient safety

Results of Three-Phase Research Project Investigating Antibiotic Prescribing and Antimicrobial Stewardship in 2019 and 2020.

Published on Octopus. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article about the research project presents a thorough examination of antibiotic prescribing and antimicrobial stewardship in 2019 and 2020, concentrating on the period preceding and during the COVID-19 pandemic. It encompasses three phases: a systematic literature review, a retrospective analysis of medical records, and a prospective survey study. The literature review assesses trends in antimicrobial stewardship within acute care settings, analysing articles from a variety of databases. The retrospective study investigates patient demographics, antibiotic utilisation, and adherence to the "Five Rights of Antibiotic Safety" in a secondary care environment. The concluding phase surveys healthcare professionals' attitudes towards antibiotic prescribing and stewardship amidst the pandemic. This multi-faceted approach offers valuable insights into antibiotic practices during a crucial time in healthcare

Real-World Applications and Practical Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance: Insights from a COVID-19 Era Antimicrobial Stewardship Three-Studies Research Project.

Published on Octopus. This is an open access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This research project offers practical solutions to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. It examines the impact of the pandemic on antibiotic prescribing and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) through a three-study approach. Despite alarming data showing a rise in AMR during COVID-19, with 1.2 million deaths in 2019, there's a notable gap in empirical evidence evaluating AMS and antibiotic prescribing during this period. This study is distinctive in providing empirical data assessing AMS and antibiotic prescribing practices both before and during the pandemic, contributing vital insights towards addressing AMR. It proposes innovative approaches like the development of an AMS Dynamic Dashboard for real-time monitoring, a comprehensive roadmap for AMS framework implementation, and the use of AMS card for healthcare professionals. Additionally, it emphasises the importance of data-driven decision-making in healthcare, enhancing AMS education programmes, and influencing public health policies and clinical guidelines. These findings are crucial for global health initiatives, offering research-informed strategies to combat AMR effectively

Analysis in Comparative Study on Antimicrobial Stewardship and Antibiotic Prescribing: 2019 vs. 2020 COVID-19 Era.

Published on Octopus. This is an open access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This research examines antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) and antibiotic prescribing in a UK NHS Foundation Trust before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. It explores the impact of the pandemic on AMR and AMS practices using a systematic literature review, retrospective medical records analysis, and a prospective survey. Key findings include shifts in antimicrobial use, prescribing patterns, and healthcare professionals' attitudes towards AMS. This study highlights the challenges and adaptations in AMS during a global health crisis, offering valuable insights for healthcare systems worldwide. It highlights the need for continued vigilance and innovation in AMS to combat AMR effectively, particularly during pandemics

Three-Phase Methodology: Antimicrobial Stewardship Before and During COVID-19 in Secondary Care.

Published on Octopus. This is an open work article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This study addresses the critical issue of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in secondary care before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The three-phase methodology includes a systematic literature review, a retrospective analysis of medical records, and a prospective survey study. The literature review, guided by the PICOS framework and PRISMA guidelines, explored AMS strategies from 2000 to 2021. The retrospective study assessed antibiotic prescribing patterns at Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, using a comprehensive sample of patient records. The prospective survey evaluated healthcare professionals' (HCPs) perceptions of antibiotic prescribing pre and post-pandemic. This comprehensive approach offers valuable insights into AMS implementation and effectiveness in the face of evolving healthcare challenges, notably during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for continual assessment and adaptation of AMS practices

Modelling and simulation of drone’s airfoil

This paper proposes a different innovative design of airfoils used in drones. A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model is built to model and simulate velocity and pressure profiles of the airfoil. Simulation is carried out by COMSOL Multiphysics. Airfoil design no. A is simulated at different normal inflow velocity. Resulted lift and drag forces are 12.04 N and 2.27 N at a normal inflow velocity of 7 m/s. For the simulation of different airfoil design thickness, airfoil no. B achieved a total lift force of 22.83 N and a total drag force of 1.29 N

How did the COVID-19 pandemic impact antibiotic prescribing and antimicrobial stewardship in acute care settings?

Published on Octopus. This is an open access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This research project addresses antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. It explores the implementation of AMS and antibiotic prescribing practices before and during the pandemic at an NHS Foundation Trust in the UK. Utilising a combination of systematic literature review, retrospective patient record analysis, and a prospective survey, the study aims to assess AMS strategies, evaluate antibiotic prescribing practices, and understand healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions towards AMS. Findings from this comprehensive study offer valuable insights into the challenges and strategies of combating AMR in acute care settings during a global health crisis

Evaluating Changes in Antibiotic Prescribing and AMS Practices at a UK NHS Trust: A Comparative Study of 2019 and the 2020 COVID-19 Period

Published on Octopus. This is an open access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/The upcoming article, "Evaluating Changes in Antibiotic Prescribing and AMS Practices at a UK NHS Trust: A Comparative Study of 2019 and the 2020 COVID-19 Period," addresses the critical issue of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This research scrutinises the impact of the pandemic on antibiotic use and stewardship within a UK NHS Foundation Trust. It offers a comparative analysis of data from 2019 against 2020, with a focus on respiratory infections. Employing the WHO’s AWaRe classification, the study highlights shifts in antibiotic prescribing practices, providing valuable insights into AMS procedures during health emergencies and contributing to global efforts in combating AMR

Antibiotic prescribing in an English secondary care setting before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global crisis that requires urgent attention and action. More than 1.2 million people died worldwide in 2019 from infections caused by bacteria resistant to antibiotics, according to the last most extensive study on the issue to date. This is more than the annual death toll from malaria or Aids. The COVID-19 pandemic challenges all aspects of healthcare, especially the management of serious acute bacterial infections and effective delivery of antimicrobial stewardship. The World Health Organisation (WHO) have declared AMR one of the biggest threats to global health and one of the biggest health challenges. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is a set of actions to promote the effective use of antimicrobials. Public Health England AMS and NICE AMS guidelines urge the AMS implementation in acute care settings to maintain the appropriate use of antibiotics and maintain the safety and quality of patient care. The proposed study will investigate the factors affecting antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) implementation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic