Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamases' (ESBLs) Resistance among Wound Infection Pathogens in Khartoum State

Abstract The presence of extended-spectrum-β lactamases (ESBLs) in a clinical infection can result in treatment failure if one of the third-generation cephalosporins is used. ESBLs detection has both clinical as well as epidemiological relevance. The present study was conducted to detect the frequency of ESBL producing pathogens that causes wound infections. Hundred wound samples were collected from Khartoum state Hospitals were investigated for isolation and identification (colonial characteristics, Gram reaction, biochemical reactions, and antibiotic susceptibility). The frequency of isolates from all cases was 95 (95%) with 5 (5%) yielding no growth. The isolates were E.coli, Klebsiella species, staph aureus, Proteus species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which isolated from 27(28.4%), 13(13.68%), 23(24.21%), 20(21.05%) and 12(12.63%) respectively. The isolates were subjected to show their susceptibility against the third generation cephalosporins (Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime and Ceftriaxone) using disk diffusion method. The results were observed that 60(63.1%) out of 95 isolates shown resistance to third generation cephalosporins, while35 isolates were sensitive to these antibiotics. The sixty resistant isolates were subjected to show their ability to produce ESBL using Kirby _Bauer Method (Calvulanic acid + Third generation cephalosporins). Among 18 E.coli, 4 Klebsiella species, 16 Staph aureus, 12 Proteus species, 10 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolates which were tested, 6(33.33%), 1(25%), 9(56.2%), 3(30%) and 3(30%) were found to be ESBL producer respectively. We conclude that the ESBL producers were found in large proportions which may refers to misusing of antibiotics or inadequate treatment