Distributing public funding to the NHS in England : taking account of differences in local labour market conditions on NHS recruitment and retention

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Emotion-focused therapy

Emotion-focused therapy (EFT), also known as process-experiential therapy, integrates active therapeutic methods from gestalt and other humanistic therapies within the frame of a person-centred relationship (Elliott, Watson, Goldman & Greenberg, 2004). EFT updates person-centred and gestalt therapies by incorporating contemporary emotion theory and affective neuroscience, dialectical constructivism, and contemporary attachment theory. In this chapter, I review the current status of EFT, summarising its history, theory, practice, and outcome evidence

Psychotherapy change process research : realizing the promise

Change process research (CPR) is the study of the processes by which change occurs in psychotherapy, and is a necessary complement to randomized clinical trials and other forms of efficacy research. In this article I describe and evaluate of four types of CPR. The first three are basic designs and include quantitative Process-Outcome, qualitative Helpful Factors, and micro-analytic Sequential Process; the fourth, the Significant Events approach, refers to methods such as Task Analysis and Comprehensive Process Analysis that integrate the first three. The strengths and weaknesses of each design are described and summarized using both causal and practical criteria, as part of an overall argument for systematic methodological pluralism

Research on client experiences of therapy : introduction to the special section

Why study client therapy experiences? Examination of client experiences is central to advancing theoretical understandings of mediational processes in therapy (i.e., how therapeutic processes get translated into postsession and posttreatment change); this, in turn, has implications for predicting outcome. Furthermore, understanding the potential range and forms of client experience is an important component of therapeutic skill and can be assumed to lead to greater understanding of particular clients and to more effective interventions. Specifically, knowledge about key overlooked aspects of client in-session experience (especially regarding covert processes such as hidden dissatisfaction or conscious avoidance) can be used to help therapists work more effectively with their clients

Qualitative methods for studying psychotherapy change processes

It is my hope in this chapter to encourage the use of a broader range of options for qualitative data collection and analysis in psychotherapy change process research. To do this, I first briefly outline some of the epistemological issues associated with CPR. Then I briefly summarize two useful tools for collecting useful and interesting qualitative data about change processes. After this, I turn to an example of qualitative data analysis methods appropriate to CPR

Hermeneutic single-case efficacy design

In this article, I outline hermeneutic single-case efficacy design (HSCED), an interpretive approach to evaluating treatment causality in single therapy cases. This approach uses a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods to create a network of evidence that first identifies direct demonstrations of causal links between therapy process and outcome and then evaluates plausible nontherapy explanations for apparent change in therapy. I illustrate the method with data from a depressed client who presented with unresolved loss and anger issues

The date of the Decalogue

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

The essence of process-experiential : emotion-focused therapy

Process-Experiential/Emotion-Focused Therapy (PE-EFT; Elliott et al, 2004; Greenherg et al, 1993) is an empirically-supported, neo-humanistic approach that integrates and updates person-centered, Gestalt, and existential therapies. In this article, we first present what we see as PE-EFT's five essential features, namely neo-humanistic values, process-experiential emotion theory, person-centered hut process-guiding relational stance, therapist exploratory response style, and marker-guided task strategy. Next, we summarize six treatment principles that guide therapists in carrying out this therapy: achieving empathic attunement, fostering an empathic, caring therapeutic bond, facilitating task collaboration, helping the client process experience appropriately to the task, supporting completion of key client tasks, and fostering client development and empowerment. In general, PE-EFT is an approach that seeks to help clients transform contradictions and impasses into wellsprings for growth

Doing research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy and psychotherapy training: a person-centered/experiential perspective

In this article, we present a framework for selecting instruments for evaluating psychotherapy and psychotherapy training from a person-centered and experiential psychotherapy (PCEP) perspective. The protocol is divided into eight therapy measurement domains, consisting of four research themes (therapy outcome, therapy process, client predictors, training outcome) and two levels (general/pan-theoretical concepts vs. treatment specific/PCEP-oriented concepts). This research protocol provides recommendations about what to measure, encouraging collaboration across different training sites, while still allowing flexibility for individual centers. Minimum and systematic case study data collection designs are described: Minimum designs are appropriate for use in private practice settings with one's own clients; systematic case-study designs can be used for student case-presentation requirements or for publication. The framework and research protocols described are part of an emerging international research project involving private and public training centers in several countries