The affective dimension of religion and personal happiness among students in Estonia

A sample of 150 students in Estonia (119 from a secular university and 31 from a Lutheran theological institute) completed the Oxford Happiness Measure and the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity. The data show no significant correlation between these two variables; thus the findings challenge the generalizability to Estonia of the general findings from studies conducted in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Israel that consistently reported a positive association between the affective dimension of religion and personal happiness

The Estonian translation of the Francis scale of attitude toward Christianity: internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity

The Estonian translation of the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity was developed and tested among a sample of 150 students (119 attending a secular university and 31 attending a Lutheran theological institute). The data supported the internal consistency reliability and construct validity of this instrument, and commend it for further use in contributing to comparative empirical research within the psychology of religion