3 research outputs found
Malignant Lymphoma Presenting as Fulminant Hepatic Failure
A patient with fulminant hepatic failure who had a T8 malignant
lymphona is described. A review of the literature yields 11 other cases with hematologic
malignancies with similar presentation. To the authorsā knowledge this is
the first case in which cell marker analysis was performed. Pitfalls in morpholog1c
diagnosis are discussed
Opioid Replacement for Pregnant Mothers With Opioid Use Disorder and Fetal Neurodevelopment: A Review
This paper reviews the published literature regarding neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonates following in utero exposure to opioids. We have summarized available clinical and experimental data. Overall, clinical data is limited and equivocal with most studies showing no significant neurodevelopmental impairments in infants and children exposed to opioids in utero. Various outcome measures assessed language, communication, cognitive, psychomotor, and behavioural outcomes. The equivocality of the data may be a result of the complexity of the cohort and the inability to disentangle the effect of the opioids from the multiple comorbidities. Results from experimental data show that all opioids cross the placental barrier. Mouse studies show biochemical and neurophysiological changes, leading to long-term effects on learning and memory. Some data also suggests that epigenetic and imprinting changes in the central nervous system of mice may lead to multigenerational effects of opioid exposure. Ultimately, the benefits of opioid replacement therapy outweigh its risks, but it should be done in the context of a broader biopsychosocial risk reduction approach. Promoting mother-child bonding and care through skin-to-skin contact, rooming-in, and breastfeeding can reduce severity of neonatal abstinence syndrome and improve outcomes. This cohort of women and children requires advocacy for comprehensive multidisciplinary care.Ā
RƩsumƩ
Cet article passe en revue la litteĢrature publieĢe concernant les reĢsultats neurodeĢveloppementaux chez les nouveau-neĢs apreĢs exposition in utero aux opioiĢdes. Nous avons reĢsumeĢ les donneĢes cliniques et expeĢrimentales disponibles. Dans lāensemble, les don- neĢes cliniques sont limiteĢes et eĢquivoques, avec la plupart des eĢtudes ne montrant aucune deĢficience neurodeĢveloppementale significative chez les nourrissons et les enfants exposeĢs aux opioiĢdes in utero. Diverses mesures de reĢsultats ont eĢvalueĢ les reĢsultats linguistiques, de communication, cognitifs, psychomoteurs et comportementaux. LāeĢquivociteĢ des donneĢes peut eĢtre le reĢsultat de la complexiteĢ de la cohorte et de lāincapaciteĢ aĢ deĢmeĢler lāeffet des opioiĢdes des multiples comorbiditeĢs. Les reĢsultats des donneĢes expeĢrimentales montrent que tous les opioiĢdes traversent la barrieĢre placentaire. Les eĢtudes sur la souris montrent des changements biochimiques et neurophysiologiques, conduisant aĢ des effets aĢ long terme sur lāapprentissage et la meĢmoire. Certaines donneĢes suggeĢrent eĢgalement que les changements eĢpigeĢneĢtiques et dāempreinte dans le systeĢme nerveux central des souris peuvent conduire aĢ des effets multigeĢneĢrationnels de lāexposition aux opioiĢdes. En fin de compte, les avantages de la theĢrapie de substitution aux opioiĢdes lāemportent sur ses risques, mais cela devrait eĢtre fait dans le contexte dāune approche plus large de reĢduction des risques biopsychosociaux. La promotion des liens et des soins entre la meĢre et lāenfant par le contact peau aĢ peau, lāaccoutumance et lāallaitement peut reĢduire la graviteĢ du syndrome dāabstinence neĢonatale et ameĢliorer les reĢsultats. Cette cohorte de femmes et dāenfants a besoin de plaidoyer pour des soins multidisciplinaires complets.