Evaluation of Bone Gain and Complication Rates after Guided Bone Regeneration with Titanium Foils: A Systematic Review

Guided bone regeneration techniques are increasingly used to enable the subsequent placement of dental implants. This systematic review aims to analyze the success rate of these techniques in terms of bone gain and complications rate using titanium membranes as a barrier element. Electronic and hand searches were conducted in PubMed/Medline, Scielo, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases for case reports, case series, cohort studies and clinical trials in humans published up to and including 19 September 2020. Thirteen articles were included in the qualitative analysis. Bone gain both horizontally and vertically was comparable to that obtained with other types of membranes more commonly used. The postoperative complication rate was higher that of native collagen membranes and non-resorbable titanium-reinforced membranes, and similar that of crosslinked collagen membranes and titanium meshes. The survival rate of the implants was similar to that of implants placed in native bone. Due to the limited scientific literature published on this issue, more randomized clinical trials comparing occlusive titanium barriers and other types of membranes are necessary to reach more valid conclusions

Oral manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus. A systematic review

Background: Diabetes Mellitus has become a global epidemic and presents many complications, usually proportional to the degree and duration of hyperglycemia. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the different oral manifestations associated with Diabetes Mellitus. Material and Methods: A MEDLINE search for “Diabetes Mellitus and oral manifestations” was performed. A further search was conducted for “diabetes” and its individual oral manifestation. Inclusion criteria were as follows: human clinical studies with a minimum of 30 patients; studies published in relevant scientific journals between January 1998 and January 2016. Nineteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were analyzed, assessing the strength of scientific evidence according to recommendations made by the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Oxford (OCEBM), which permits adequate assessment of prevalence studies. Results: A total 3,712 patients (2,084 diabetics) were included in the studies reviewed. Of the 19 studies analyzed, 4 were longitudinal studies and 15 cross-sectional studies. Periodontal disease, periapical lesions, xerostomia and taste disturbance were more prevalent among diabetic patients. An association between diabetes and caries and mucosal lesions proved positive in 5 out of 10 studies. Conclusions: Despite multiple oral manifestations associated with DM, awareness of the associations between diabetes, oral health, and general health is inadequate. It is necessary for doctors and dentists to be aware of the various oral manifestations of diabetes in order to make an early diagnosis. Key words:Diabetes Mellitus, oral manifestations, oral pathology

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce early implant failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Systemic antibiotics are routinely prescribed in implant procedures, but the lack of consensus causes large differences between clinicians regarding antibiotic prophylaxis regimens. The objectives of this systematic review are to assess the need to prescribe antibiotics to prevent early implant failure and find the most appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis regimen. The electronic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scielo and Cochrane Central Trials Database for randomized clinical trials of at least 3 months of follow-up. Eleven studies were included in the qualitative analysis. Antibiotics were found to statistically significantly reduce early implant failures (RR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.19-0.47, p < 0.00001; heterogeneity I2 = 0%, p = 0.54). No differences were seen between preoperative or both pre- and postoperative antibiotic regimens (RR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.21-1.55, p = 0.27; heterogeneity I2 = 0%, p = 0.37). A single preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis dose was found to be enough to significantly reduce early implant failures compared to no antibiotic (RR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21-0.53, p < 0.00001; heterogeneity I2 = 0%, p = 0.61). In conclusion, in healthy patients a single antibiotic prophylaxis dose is indicated to prevent early implant failure

The Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) Approach and Quality of Care

The core function of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) is to bring together a group of healthcare professionals from different fields in order to determine patients' treatment plan. Most of head and neck cancer (HNC) units are currently led by MDTs that at least include ENT and maxillofacial surgeons, radiation and medical oncologists. HNC often compromise relevant structures of the upper aerodigestive tract involving functions such as speech, swallowing and breathing, among others. The impairment of these functions can significantly impact patients' quality of life and psychosocial status, and highlights the crucial role of specialized nurses, dietitians, psycho-oncologists, social workers, and onco-geriatricians, among others. Hence, these professionals should be integrated in HNC MDTs. In addition, involving translational research teams should also be considered, as it will help reducing the existing gap between basic research and the daily clinical practice. The aim of this comprehensive review is to assess the role of the different supportive disciplines integrated in an MDT and how they help providing a better care to HNC patients during diagnosis, treatment and follow up

The application of beta-tricalcium phosphate in implant dentistry: a systematic evaluation of clinical studies

The demand for synthetic graft materials in implant dentistry is rising. This systematic review aims to evaluate the survival rate of dental implants placed simultaneously with bone regeneration procedures using the material -tricalcium phosphate, one of the most promising synthetic graft materials. The electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scielo, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. There were five randomized clinical trials, one of which was a non-randomized controlled clinical trial and four of which were observational studies without a control group included. Implant survival rate and other clinical, radiographic, and histological parameters did not differ from those of implants placed simultaneously with another type of graft material, or placed in blood clots or natural alveolar ridges. Based on the available literature, - tricalcium phosphate seems to be a promising graft material in implant dentistry. Nevertheless, more randomized clinical trials, with long follow-up periods, preoperative and postoperative CBCT, and histological analysis, are necessary to assess its long-term behavior

Reflexiones en salud pública

Desde una visión general y práctica este texto facilita la reflexión sobre tópicos de interés para la salud pública. Con un lenguaje sencillo, busca aproximarse al estudio de la salud desde una visión interdisciplinar, partiendo del reconocimiento del rol que le compete al individuo, la sociedad y el Estado. El objetivo general es promover en el lector el análisis crítico de problemáticas relacionadas con el ámbito de la salud pública, constituyéndose en una iniciativa para el posterior desarrollo de acciones en el área

Incorporating the sex and gender perspective in research content: a toolkit

Perspectiva de gènere; Recerca de la salutPerspectiva de género; Investigación de la saludGender perspective; Health researchAquest document, d'una banda, argumenta mitjançant exemples concrets, perquè és important considerar el sexe i el gènere en la recerca de la salut. I de l'altra, presenta una eina per integrar la perspectiva de gènere i sexe per guiar el personal investigador a l'hora de considerar la incorporació del sexe o el gènere en estudis de ciència bàsica, clínica, de serveis sanitaris i de salut pública. L'eina està formada per una llista de preguntes que aborden la integració del sexe/gènere a la recerca, una llista de subpreguntes que permeten il·lustrar cada pregunta amb aspectes concrets i unes aportacions extres amb exemples sobre com incorporar els aspectes de sexe i gènere. L'eina recull cada fase del procés de recerca

Equidad y reformas de los sistemas de salud en Latinoamérica

El fin último de cualquier sistema de salud es contribuir a la mejora de la salud de la población y hacerlo de la manera más eficiente posible. Buscando mejorar las condiciones de eficiencia y equidad en que se prestan los servicios de salud, numerosos países en todo el mundo, incluyendo los latinoamericanos, han implementado reformas. A pesar de la aparente coincidencia en los objetivos de las reformas, la forma en que se implementan responden a conceptos y valores diferentes. En este artículo analizamos los valores, igualitarios y neoliberales, subyacentes en los distintos conceptos de equidad. A partir de ellos desarrollamos criterios que nos permitan interpretar algunas de las estrategias, financiamiento y prestación de los servicios de salud aplicados por las reformas de los sistemas de salud en Latinoamérica. Estos criterios son aplicados a las políticas de financiamiento y prestaciones de las reformas aplicadas en los sistemas de salud de Colombia y Costa Rica

Equidad y reformas de los sistemas de salud en Latinoamérica

El fin último de cualquier sistema de salud es contribuir a la mejora de la salud de la población y hacerlo de la manera más eficiente posible. Buscando mejorar las condiciones de eficiencia y equidad en que se prestan los servicios de salud, numerosos países en todo el mundo, incluyendo los latinoamericanos, han implementado reformas. A pesar de la aparente coincidencia en los objetivos de las reformas, la forma en que se implementan responden a conceptos y valores diferentes. En este artículo analizamos los valores, igualitarios y neoliberales, subyacentes en los distintos conceptos de equidad. A partir de ellos desarrollamos criterios que nos permitan interpretar algunas de las estrategias, financiamiento y prestación de los servicios de salud aplicados por las reformas de los sistemas de salud en Latinoamérica. Estos criterios son aplicados a las políticas de financiamiento y prestaciones de las reformas aplicadas en los sistemas de salud de Colombia y Costa Rica