Apport de la cartographie à la gestion locale des ressources renouvelables dans les villages du District de Rufiji (Tanzanie)

National audienceAs in other countries in Africa, the new Tanzanian legislation on decentralisation allows communities to locally manage their natural resources. From 1998 to 2003, the Rufiji Environmental Management Project promoted such a transfer of authority, from the central government to 4 villages of the Rufiji District in southern Tanzania, mostly for forest resources. Villages Environmental Management Plans (VEMP) have been designed by the local communities. Land-use maps have been produced by multi-institutional teams using Landsat images, aerial photographs, detailed landscape analysis and ground-truthing. Cartography and Environmental Management, carried out in a participatory way, were shown to be efficient tools for the improvement of the communication between local populations, government institutions and researchers. The mapping of 4 forest areas, chosen by the villagers, was instrumental in their official recognition as Village Forest Reserves. More generally, a common representation of land uses in the Rufiji District, by stimulating a negotiation between the stakeholders can contribute to clarify a fuzzy land-tenure situation. But for improved planning, this participatory land use mapping exercise has to be complemented by a detailed analysis of the economic and spiritual values of the different landscape components, and by a description of the local rules of resource sharing. The drive towards increased local management of natural resources still needs to be supported by a strong Government will to empower and to secure the local benefits of the decentralisation process.Comme dans d'autres pays en Afrique, les nouvelles lois de décentralisation des services de l'État tanzanien permettent aux communautés locales de gérer leurs ressources renouvelables à l'échelle villageoise. Le Rufiji Environnemental Management Project a accompagné pendant 5 années un processus de transfert des droits de gestion des ressources renouvelables, notamment forestières dans 4 villages du District du Rufiji, dans le Sud de la Tanzanie. Des plans de gestion des villages ont été définis, comprenant des cartes précisant l'organisation de l'espace et l'agencement des paysages, produites sur la base d'images Landsat, de photographies aériennes et d'analyses paysagères réalisées par des équipes multi-institutionnelles. La représentation cartographique et la planification environnementale, réalisées de façon participative, sont des outils qui favorisent le dialogue entre populations locales, gestionnaires de l'État et chercheurs. Le bornage et la cartographie des zones choisies comme réserves forestières villageoises a permis leur enregistrement officiel auprès de l'administration nationale. Plus généralement, dans un contexte de décalage entre le droit foncier coutumier et la loi étatique, une représentation de l'organisation de l'espace villageois, en stimulant une négociation entre les différents acteurs, peut contribuer à clarifier une situation foncière confuse. L'exercice de planification environnementale peut aussi favoriser un développement économique local mais est à compléter par une analyse détaillée de la valeur économique et spirituelle des différents espaces et par une description des règles de gestion des ressources renouvelables. Il doit également être accompagné d'une volonté politique de l'État de renforcer et de sécuriser les acquis de cette gestion décentralisée

Abstracts of Tanzania Health Summit 2020

This book contains the abstracts of the papers/posters presented at the Tanzania Health Summit 2020 (THS-2020) Organized by the Ministry of Health Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC); President Office Regional Administration and Local Government (PORALG); Ministry of Health, Social Welfare, Elderly, Gender, and Children Zanzibar; Association of Private Health Facilities in Tanzania (APHFTA); National Muslim Council of Tanzania (BAKWATA); Christian Social Services Commission (CSSC); & Tindwa Medical and Health Services (TMHS) held on 25–26 November 2020. The Tanzania Health Summit is the annual largest healthcare platform in Tanzania that attracts more than 1000 participants, national and international experts, from policymakers, health researchers, public health professionals, health insurers, medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists, private health investors, supply chain experts, and the civil society. During the three-day summit, stakeholders and decision-makers from every field in healthcare work together to find solutions to the country’s and regional health challenges and set the agenda for a healthier future. Summit Title: Tanzania Health SummitSummit Acronym: THS-2020Summit Date: 25–26 November 2020Summit Location: St. Gasper Hotel and Conference Centre in Dodoma, TanzaniaSummit Organizers: Ministry of Health Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC); President Office Regional Administration and Local Government (PORALG); Ministry of Health, Social Welfare, Elderly, Gender and Children Zanzibar; Association of Private Health Facilities in Tanzania (APHFTA); National Muslim Council of Tanzania (BAKWATA); Christian Social Services Commission (CSSC); & Tindwa Medical and Health Services (TMHS)