Investigar las condiciones causales y subyacentes que afectan la prestación de servicios deportivos a espectadoras en Irán

The present study aimed to investigate the causal and underlying conditions affecting the provision of sports services to female spectators in Iran. The qualitative research method was applied in this study. The statistical population included the chief executive officers and the board of directors of the league and federations of football, volleyball, and basketball, senior managers of sports stadiums, female spectators attending the official women’s competitions, female spectators having a history of attending the stadiums and sports halls during the official male competitions, and academic experts in field of sports management who were familiar with the sports events; the theoretical sampling method was used in this research. In this study, 32 elite individuals were interviewed through 32 semi-structured interviews until achieving the theoretical saturation. Data collection tool included the semi-structured interviews. The results indicated 7 main causal conditions including the financial support, facilities, cultural issues, management resources, management approaches, benefits of the provision of services to female spectators, and social issues. Also, based on the results, the underlying conditions were classified into the 2 categories of the nature of spectators’ presence and the nature of sport.El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las condiciones causales y subyacentes que afectan la prestación de servicios deportivos a las espectadoras en Irán. El método de investigación cualitativa se aplicó en este estudio. La población estadística incluía a los directores ejecutivos y la junta directiva de la liga y las federaciones de fútbol, ​​voleibol y baloncesto, gerentes superiores de estadios deportivos, espectadoras que asistían a las competiciones oficiales de mujeres, espectadoras que tenían un historial de asistencia a los estadios y pabellones deportivos durante las competiciones masculinas oficiales y expertos académicos en el campo de la gestión deportiva que estaban familiarizados con los eventos deportivos; El método de muestreo teórico se utilizó en esta investigación. En este estudio, 32 individuos de élite fueron entrevistados a través de 32 entrevistas semiestructuradas hasta lograr la saturación teórica. La herramienta de recolección de datos incluyó las entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados indicaron 7 condiciones causales principales que incluyen el apoyo financiero, las instalaciones, los problemas culturales, los recursos de gestión, los enfoques de gestión, los beneficios de la prestación de servicios a las espectadoras y los problemas sociales. Además, según los resultados, las condiciones subyacentes se clasificaron en las 2 categorías de la naturaleza de la presencia de los espectadores y la naturaleza del deporte

The status of college students’ critical thinking disposition in humanities

AbstractThis survey aimed at measuring students’ critical thinking dispositions in humanities fields. 123 students were randomly selected by stratified sampling method among undergraduate students in the College of Humanities in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran during academic year of 2010-2011. They completed Ricketts’(2003) Critical Thinking Disposition Questionnaire. Overly, finding showed that all subjects achieved optimal level of critical thinking in the moderated level (p<0.001,t=17.56), but not in the strict level (p<0.001, t=-9.20). Implications for applying active learning and problem solving approaches to enhance students’ critical thinking propositions were proposed

Effect of Gelatin-Based Edible Coatings Incorporated with Aloe vera

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gelatin coating incorporated with Aloe vera gel (50,100%) and green and black tea extracts (5,10%) on physicochemical, microbial, and sensorial properties of fresh-cut oranges at 4°C for 17 days. Significant differences in terms of quality parameters were observed between the control and coated fresh-cut oranges. The highest variation of quality parameters was observed in control, while the least variations were observed in coated slices with 100% Aloe vera and 10% green tea extract. The weight loss was increased with time, but the coating treatment especially with 100% Aloe vera had significant effect on the prevention of weight loss. Also, Aloe vera coated samples obtained the highest score in sensory evaluation. Coating with gelatin incorporated with Aloe vera and green tea extracts successfully retarded the microbial growth and therefore extended the shelf life of fresh-cut oranges during cold storage

The Relationship between Orotracheal Intubation Difficulty Scoring Systems and Anthropometric Factors

Introduction: Although rare, but it is very important to understand that intubation will be difficult for which of the patients. Some scoring systems are available in this regard that influenced by many factors such as body anthropometric factors.&nbsp;Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between Mallampati score, biting the upper lip as well as 2-3-3 maneuver with body anthropometric factors in different population of society.&nbsp;Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted during the years 2014-2015 in Yazd, Iran. The subjects using simple randomized sampling method, and they were included in study after obtaining their informed consent. Demographic (age and gender) as well as anthropometric parameters of body, including weight, height, neck, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were collected in a pre-prepared checklist. Then, Mallampati score, biting the upper lip score, maneuver 2-3-3 were examined and calculated by researchers. The results of these examinations were recorded for each person in checklist.&nbsp;Results: In this study, 498 people with mean age of 42.1 ± 16.1 were enrolled (51% female). Based on results of this study, although all three methods significantly correlated with age but none had any relation with gender. Significant relationship was found between upper lip biting and Mallampati score and all body anthropometric factors evaluated in this study (p &lt; 0.05). By increasing the mean of these factors, Mallampati score increases, while this relationship is reverse in the case of height. In addition, significant correlation was found between maneuver 2-3-3 and weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and BMI, while it showed no correlation with neck circumference (p = 0.328) and WHR (p = 0.121).&nbsp;Conclusion: Based on findings of current study, it is likely that upper lip biting test and Mallampati score have significant relation with all body anthropometric factors evaluated in this study. But maneuver 2-3-3 has no correlation with neck circumference and WHR

Studying effect of intellectual capital on insurance demand increase: case study; Asia insurance company

Difference in the companies' performance is resulted by the fact that successful organizations have strategic resources (physical, human, and structural) that their Competitors doesn't have. So, difference in these resources have prominent role to create benefit for companies. The main purpose of the present study is to study intellectual capital effect on insurance demand increase in Asia insurance company and tries to study the effect of three dimensions of intellectual capital (human, structural and customer) on insurance demand increase in Asia insurance company. Research method in terms of the goal is applicable, and in terms of the study method is descriptive and is of survey branch. Population of the study consists of all officers of central organizations of Asia insurance company in Tehran. The sample size is 132 officers of the central office of Asia Insurance Company. Data collected by questionnaire and analyzed by One Sample T-Test. The results indicate that intellectual capital and it's dimensions, have effect on insurance demand increase in Asia insurance company

Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction in Shahroud Hospitals in 2018

Background: Patient satisfaction is one of important indicators of quality of service measurement. This study aimed at measuring patient satisfaction and factors which influence it in hospitals in Shahroud.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 800 patients selected through random sampling were studied in public and private hospitals in 2018. The collected data were entered into SPSS 16 and analyzed using t-test and chi-square. The level of significance in all tests is 0.05.Results: Most of the inpatients were women and married people. The average score of satisfaction in the public hospitals affiliated to the University was 22.45 ± 6.02 and in the private sector, it was 21.56 ± 5, which is deemed moderate. Patients were the most dissatisfied with the daily change of patient dresses and bed covers (38.3%), hospital food quality (35.3%), room facilities (31.1%), and were the most satisfied with nursing behaviors (87.7%). Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the type of hospital (P = 0.002), patients’ age (P = 0.037), education (P = 0.013), and residence (P = 0.012) with their satisfaction.Conclusion: Patients' satisfaction was moderate. Paying more attention to the domains such as daily change of clothes and bed covers, the quality of hospital food, and facilities of the patient's room can play a role in improving the satisfaction of patients

Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction in Shahroud Hospitals in 2018

Background: Patient satisfaction is one of important indicators of quality of service measurement. This study aimed at measuring patient satisfaction and factors which influence it in hospitals in Shahroud.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 800 patients selected through random sampling were studied in public and private hospitals in 2018. The collected data were entered into SPSS 16 and analyzed using t-test and chi-square. The level of significance in all tests is 0.05.Results: Most of the inpatients were women and married people. The average score of satisfaction in the public hospitals affiliated to the University was 22.45 ± 6.02 and in the private sector, it was 21.56 ± 5, which is deemed moderate. Patients were the most dissatisfied with the daily change of patient dresses and bed covers (38.3%), hospital food quality (35.3%), room facilities (31.1%), and were the most satisfied with nursing behaviors (87.7%). Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the type of hospital (P = 0.002), patients’ age (P = 0.037), education (P = 0.013), and residence (P = 0.012) with their satisfaction.Conclusion: Patients' satisfaction was moderate. Paying more attention to the domains such as daily change of clothes and bed covers, the quality of hospital food, and facilities of the patient's room can play a role in improving the satisfaction of patients

Evaluation of Different Nitrogen Management on Yield and Some of the Yield Components of Rice (Shiroudi cultivar)

النيتروجين (N) هو عامل رئيسي للنمو( وللحد من الانتاج ) في مناطق الأرز المزروعة. أجريت هذه الدراسة لتقييم آثار الظروف المختلفة اضافةN على محصول الأرز ومكوناته (صنف شيرودي) في بابل (مازندران ، إيران) خلال موسم 2015-2016 نفذت تجربة عاملية ضمن تصميم القطاعات الكاملة المعشاة (RCBD) متضمنة ثلاث مكررات او تضمنت ثلاث مكررات. في العامل الأول استخدمت&nbsp; أربعة كميات من&nbsp; N وهي (50 و 90 و 130 و 170( kg N ha-1 ، بينما في المعامل الثاني ، تكونت المعاملات من أربع طرق مختلفة لتقسيم الأسمدة ، بما في ذلك &nbsp;T1:۷۰٪ في المرحلة الحداثة + 30 ٪ في مرحلة تكوين الاشطاء القصوى ،&nbsp; T2: ۳/۱في المرحلة القاعدية + ۳/۱ في مرحلة الحراثة القصوى + ۳/۱ في مرحلة بدء تكوين السنبلة ، T3: ۲۵٪ في المرحلة الحداثة+ 50 ٪ في الحد الأقصى لمرحلة مرحلة تكوين الاشطاء القصوى+ 25 ٪ في مرحلة بدء تكوين السنبلة ، و T4: ۲۵٪ في المرحلة القاعدية + 25 ٪ في مرحلة الحرث القصوى + 50 في مرحلة بدء تكوين السنبلة. اوضحت لنتائج عدد السنابل (m2)هي فقط التي تأثرت بشكل كبير بالسنة (at the CI of 0.95). كان لمستويات مختلفة من N &nbsp;تأثيرات على طول السنبلة ، والنسبة المئوية للحبوبالممتلئة (PFG) ، والحبوب الكلي في النبات ، والحاصل (at the CI of 0.95). كما تأثر طول السنبلة ، PFG ، والعائد بشكل كبير بطرق مختلفة من تقسيم&nbsp; &nbsp;(at the P-v of 0.01). كان للتفاعل بين كمبة النتروجين وتقسيم النتروجين تأثير كبير على طول السنبلة ، PFG ، والعائد ((at the CI of 0.95. بشكل عام ، فإن التأثير الأكثر أهمية في طول السنبلة ، و عدد السنابل (m2) ، وحبوب النبات الكلي ، والحاصل لوحظ بعد استخدام 130 كجم N ها -1. علاوة على ذلك ، أظهر T3 التأثير الأكثر وضوحا على جميع المؤشرات التي تمت دراستها باستثناء طول السنبلة.Nitrogen (N) is a key growth and yield-limiting factor in cultivated rice areas. This study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of different conditions of N application on rice yield and yield components (Shiroudi cultivar) in Babol (Mazandaran, Iran) during the 2015- 2016 season. A factorial experiment executed of a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) used in three iterations. In the first factor, treatments were four N amounts (including 50, 90, 130, and 170 kg N ha-1), while in the second factor, the treatments consisted of four different fertilizer splitting methods, including T1:70 % at the basal stage + 30 % at the maximum tillering stage, T2:1/3 at the basal stage + 1/3 at the maximum tillering stage + 1/3 at the panicle initiation, T3: 25 % at the basal stage + 50 % at the maximum tillering stage + 25 % at the panicle initiation, and T4: 25 % at the basal stage + 25 % at the maximum tillering stage + 50 % at the panicle initiation. The results illustrate only the number of panicles (m2) which was significantly impacted by the year (at the CI of 0.99). Different levels of N had effects on the panicle length, the percentage of filled grain (PFG), whole grain in a plant, and yield (at the CI of 0.95). The panicle length, the PFG, and yield were also significantly affected by different methods of N splitting (at the P-v of 0.01). The interaction of N amount × N splitting had a significant effect on the panicle length, the PFG, and yield (at the CI of 0.95). &nbsp;In general, the most significant impact on the panicle length, the number of panicles (m2), the whole plant's grain, and yield observed after using 130 kg N ha-1.&nbsp; Besides, T3 showed the most notable effect on all the studied indices except for the panicle length

Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulation of Dispersed Oil-Water Flow with New Drop Coalescence Model

The three-dimensional oil-water flow in horizontal pipe has been investigated by introducing population balance equation (PBE). The water fraction of inlet flow and mixture velocity varies from 46% to 60% and from1.25 m/s to 3m/s, respectively. The multiple size groups model has been applied to the non-uniform drop size distribution in oil-water flow. The drop coalescence models have a clear efficacy on the prediction capability of the PBE. In this work, drop coalescence model for oil-water is modified and used for predicting the phase distribution of dispersed oil - water in horizontal pipe. Population balance with modified Coulaloglou’s frequency model is used. The attention of the modification is on the presence of droplets that reduce the free space for droplet motion and cause an enhancement in the collision frequency. The phase distribution profile from numerical results is presented and discussed. Acceptable agreement with the experimental data is achieved by using the modified coalescence model. Also, at 46% water fraction and mixture velocity equal as 3 m/s, model with population balance with modified Coulaloglou is 4% and 1% better than Luo’s model and Coulaloglou’s model, respectively