Triterpenoid β-Amirin dari Kulit Batang Garcinia Bancana Miq.

Satu senyawa triterpenoid telah diisolasi dari ekstrak kulit batang tumbuhan Garcinia bancana Miq. Senyawa ini dipisahkan menggunakan berbagai teknik kromatografi dan pemurnian dengan rekristalisasi. Struktur molekul senyawa tersebut ditetapkan berdasarkan analisis data spektroskopi UV, IR, dan NMR 1-D dan dengan membandingkan data spektroskopi tersebut dengan yang dilaporkan dalam literatur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data-data spektroskopi tersebut maka disimpulkan senyawa isolasi adalah β-amirin. Penemuan senyawa ini telah memberikan informasi penting untuk studi kandungan kimia dan aktivitas biologis dari genus Garcinia berdasarkan pendekatan taksonomi

Study of Antioxidant Activities from Antihypertension Drug Plant of the Indralaya Area

Ogan ethnic population in Indralaya, Ogan Ilir District, South Sumatra was known to have used several types of plants, there are Swietenia mahagoni, Averrhoa carambola, Syzygium samarangense, Musa acuminata, Nymphaea rubra, Syzygium polyanthum, and Andrographis paniculata for the treatment of hypertension. But, scientific information has not yet been found secondary metabolites that are responsible for providing these activities. The study began with the extraction of methanol from the seven types of plants using methanol as a solvent. Each thick extract was tested for its activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-1-picryllhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The extract which showed the highest activity (methanol extract) was subsequently carried out in vitro antihypertension test using the Angiotencyn Converting Enzyme (ACE) method. Antioxidant test results showed that the methanol extract from S. samarangense stem bark had the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 was 83.06 μg/mL. Antihypertension test of methanol extract from S. samarangense stem bark obtained IC50 ACE was 61.56 μg/mL. Based on the IC50 value, it shows that S. samarangense stem bark has potential as a source of antioxidant compounds as well as a source of antihypertension compounds. Keywords: Syzygium samarangense, stem bark, antioxidant, antihypertensio

Bioactivity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Branch of Jambu Mawar (Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston)

Endophytic fungi isolated from medicinal plants have high diversity and the secondary metabolites produced have biological activity. Endophytic fungi isolated from medicinal plants have been the subject of many studies on their diversity and biological activity, one of which is jambu mawar (Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston). S. jambos has long been used as a traditional medicine to treat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria in many parts of the world, including South Sumatra. This study purposed to explore the diversity of endophytic fungi isolated from the branches of S. jambos, the antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi extracts, the determination of the structure of the compounds, and the activity of the active compounds of the selected endophytic fungi. Observations of the morphological characteristics of endophytic fungi were macroscopically and microscopically. The endophytic fungal extracts were then tested for antimicrobial activity against test bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli using the Kirby-Bauer paper disk diffusion method. Isolation of pure compounds using a gravity chromatography column, the determination of the structure of the compound is determined based on 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMQC, and HMBC spectroscopy. Four endophytic fungi, code SJC1–4, were isolated from a branch of S. jambos. The results of macroscopic and microscopic morphological characterization showed three genera of Botryosphaeria, Trichothecium, and Aspergillus. The endophytic fungal isolate SJC1 exhibited strong activity against Gram-positive bacteria and moderate activity against Gram-negative bacteria, while SJC2–4 showed moderate activity against the four bacteria. Molecular identification of SJC1 revealed that it was Botryosphaeria mamane. Isolation of SJC1’s pure compound yielded compound 1, which was identified as 5-acetyl-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one. This compound is thought to have antibacterial properties

Perbandingan Stack Effect Pada Rumah Secara Konveksi Paksa Dan Konveksi Alami Ketika Kondisi Hujan

A room or a house is modified by setting a stack (chimney) to take the advantage of the phenomenon of stack effect. This stack is useful for air circulation so that the room become comfortable. The difference of colour on the outside wall of the house will also affect the room temperature because the stored thermal energy in the house will be different. The darker house wall will keep more thermal energy than the brighter. Meanwhile, the house that uses exhaust fan will keep less thermal energy than a house that did not use any exhaust fan. The high of required stack effect phenomenon can be calculated based on the stored thermal energy of the room. In the miniature house using exhaust fans, the chimneys or towers should be put at the 0.55-meter-high roof to a house without a paint, 0.35 meter for the white-painted house, 0.55 meter for the gray painted house, and 0.36 meter for the yellow-painted house. While for house miniature without exhaust fan (naturally), chimney should be placed to the 0.86-meter-high roof for the house without paint, 0.74 meter for the white-painted house, 0.85 meter for the gray painted house, and 0.75 meter for the yellow-painted house

Penelusuran Aktivitas Antibakteri dari Kulit Akar Tumbuhan Medang Seluang (Litsea spathulata) terhadap Bakteri Uji Escherichia coli dan Shigella dysentriae

Screening for antibacterial activity from root bark of Litsea spathulata had been done. Antibacterial test on each fraction showed that hexane had the highest activity followed by ethyl acetate and methanol. Major compound from antibacterial active fraction had been isolated. Identification of this compound was carried out applying phytochemistry assay and spectroscopic methods, i.e. ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), and Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectroscopic (GC-MS). Minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) value of the active fraction was 780 mg/mL to Escherichia coli and 860 mg/mL to Shigella dysentriae