Inflammation of adipose tissue. Is there a place for statins to correct adiposopathy?

This review is devoted to the analysis of data on the effect of inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzymate-reductase on the endocrine function of adipose tissue in obesity. Violation of metabolism of adipose tissue, as well as the amount of fat, are a a key factor in the pathophysiology of obesity and the development of concomitant diseases. Statins are competitive inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-kofermenta reductase (HMG-COA reductase) that catalyze the initial stage of cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver. Therefore, traditionally, the liver is considered as the main target organ for statins. The results of studies of molecular mechanisms of action of statins on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, adipokine and inflammatory balance in adipose tissue on the example of isolated adipocytes (in vivo) and in living organism (in vitro) are presented. Effect of statins on the action of insulin, as well as the possibility of developing pathological conditions associated with insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2). The proven clinical effects of cholesterol-lowering action of statins, allow new insights and to further explore their possible impact on other links in the development of obesity, and potentially to use them as therapeutic agents for pharmacological correction of obesity and the fight against cardiovascular diseases

Expression of adipocytokines in heart fat depots depending on the degree of coronary artery atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease.

In coronary artery disease (CAD) the adipocytokine content in the heart fat depot is altered, but it has not been established whether these changes are associated with the degree of atherosclerotic damage to the coronary artery (CA). Were examined 84 patients with CAD, and according to the degree of atherosclerotic state based on the SYNTAX Score scale, were divided: 39 moderate (≤22 points), 20 severe (23-31 points) and 25 extremely severe (≥32 points). Biopsies of subcutaneous (SAT), epicardial (EAT) and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) were obtained during elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The expression of adipocytokine was determined using real-time PCR. The concentration of the studied adipocytokines in adipocyte culture medium was measured by ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis. In the adipocytes of the cardiac depot of patients with CAD, an increase in the expression and secretion of leptin and IL-6 and a decrease in adiponectin, with a maximum manifestation in severe and extremely severe CA lesions, was observed. EAT adipocytes were characterized by minimal expression of the adiponectin gene maximal gene expression leptin and IL-6 compared to SAT and PVAT adipocytes