Perspectivas para o desenvolvimento da lei nas condições da economia digital

The authors consider the problems of forming the digital economy from the position of law in the article. They analyze the main trends in the development of individual branches of law. They identify the problems arising in the process of legal regulation of digital policy and the economy of modern states.Los autores consideran los problemas de formar la economía digital desde la posición de la ley en el artículo. Analizan las principales tendencias en el desarrollo de ramas individuales de la ley. Identifican los problemas que surgen en el proceso de regulación legal de la política digital y la economía de los estados modernos.Os autores consideram os problemas de formar a economia digital a partir da posição de lei no artigo. Eles analisam as principais tendências no desenvolvimento de ramos individuais da lei. Eles identificam os problemas que surgem no processo de regulação legal da política digital e da economia dos estados modernos

Strategic reporting methodology and its reliability audit

The paper reveals the significance of business entities’ forecasting and strategic reporting. The reporting appears to be an essential source of information for highly efficient strategic management and profits receivable for internal users. Financial activity of Rostov and Kras-nodar region’s business entities of different incorporations and industries was taken as an object of current research. Authors developed specific classification of forecasting reporting forms and key performance indicators’ framework depending on aims and objectives Authors proved strong need in de-velopment of strategic reporting methodology. Reporting drawn up according to the method-ology allows generating informational support of analysis and control of business entities core strategies’ implementing, including internal and external factors & risks’ to increase the capital and firm value. The paper highlights strategy audit features as well, considered as related services according to the Federal Law on Auditing. Authors provide the term and stages of strategy audit. The research resulted in development of special strategic reporting software “Strategic, cap-ital-value oriented reporting framework”, special auditing software “Strategic business entities activity audit” coupled with detailed algorithm description.peer-reviewe

Spins at work: probing charging and discharging of organic radical batteries by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy

Organic radical batteries (ORBs) are a promising class of electrochemical power sources employing organic radicals as redox-active groups. This article reports on the development of a versatile on-substrate electrode setup for spectroelectrochemical Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements on redox conductive polymers for ORBs. Quantitative in operando EPR experiments performed on electrochemical cells with a di-TEMPO Ni-Salen polymer as active electrode material demonstrate a strong decrease in the number of paramagnetic centers upon oxidizing the film. The distinct EPR signatures of the TEMPO-containing polymer and its fragments in different molecular environments are used to study its degradation upon repeated cycling. A comparison between the number of EPR-active sites and the number of electrochemically active charges, as measured by cyclic voltammetry, provides information on the nature of the degradation process. Low-temperature ex situ pulse EPR measurements on the oxidized polymer film reveal the spectrum of dilute nitroxide species, which may be associated with electrochemically inactive islands. These experiments pave the way for advanced EPR techniques for accurately determining distances between adjacent paramagnetic centers and thus for identifying performance-limiting loss mechanisms, which can eventually help develop strategies for making ORBs powerful contenders on the path towards sustainable electrochemical power sources

a [Ni(Salen)]‐TEMPO redox‐conducting polymer for organic batteries

Redox-active nitroxyl-containing polymers are promising candidates as possible replacements for inorganic based energy-storage materials, due to their high energy density and fast redox kinetics. One challenge towards the implementation of such a system is the insufficient electrical conductivity, impeding the charge collection even with highly conductive additives. Herein, the first implementation of a polymeric bis(salicylideniminato) nickel (NiSalen) conductive backbone as an active charge-collecting wire is reported. NiSalen simultaneously serves as a charge collector for nitroxyl pendants and supports the redox capacity of the material. This novel polymer exhibits a specific capacity of up to 91.5 mAh g−1, retaining 87 % of its theoretical capacity at 800 C and more than 30 % at as high as 3000 C (66 % capacity retention after 2000 cycles). The properties of the new material upon operation was studied by means of operando electrochemical methods, UV-Vis, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy

Label-free macroscopic fluorescence lifetime imaging of brain tumors

Advanced stage glioma is the most aggressive form of malignant brain tumors with a short survival time. Real-time pathology assisted, or image guided surgical procedures that eliminate tumors promise to improve the clinical outcome and prolong the lives of patients. Our work is focused on the development of a rapid and sensitive assay for intraoperative diagnostics of glioma and identification of optical markers essential for differentiation between tumors and healthy brain tissues. We utilized fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) of endogenous fluorophores related to metabolism of the glioma from freshly excised brains tissues. Macroscopic time-resolved fluorescence images of three intracranial animal glioma models and surgical samples of patients\u27 glioblastoma together with the white matter have been collected. Several established and new algorithms were applied to identify the imaging markers of the tumors. We found that fluorescence lifetime parameters characteristic of the glioma provided background for differentiation between the tumors and intact brain tissues. All three rat tumor models demonstrated substantial differences between the malignant and normal tissue. Similarly, tumors from patients demonstrated statistically significant differences from the peritumoral white matter without infiltration. While the data and the analysis presented in this paper are preliminary and further investigation with a larger number of samples is required, the proposed approach based on the macroscopic FLIM has a high potential for diagnostics of glioma and evaluation of the surgical margins of gliomas

Оценка качества жизни с помощью вопросника Health Utilities Index у детей c бронхиальной астмой тяжелого персистирующего течения на фоне лечения омализумабом

Background. Quality of life (QoL) is an important parameter that provides additional information about changes in health status. Objective. Our aim was to study the change in QoL of patients with severe persistent bronchial asthma (BA) during the treatment with genetically engineered biological preparation (GIBP) omalizumab in addition to daily background therapy. Methods. The QoL assessment was conducted using the Health Utilities Index Mark 3 and Mark 2 (HUI3, HUI2) questionnaires at two points (1st point and 2nd point — in 6 months) in 47 children with severe BA at the age of 13 (7; 17) years, 72% of them are boys. At the same points, QoL was evaluated using the PAQLQ (S) specialized pediatric questionnaire (Standardized Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire). Results. Depending on the duration of omalizumab therapy, all children were divided into 5 groups: 1st group — children who did not receive treatment with monoclonal antibodies at the 1st point; in 2, 3, 4, 5-th groups, the QoL assessment was performed on GIBP treatment for different time. In children of the 1st group whose QoL was evaluated before starting GIBP therapy and in 6 months, a statistically significant change in scores on the Health Utilities Index questionnaire was noted: the multi-attribute indices HUI2 and HUI3 improved, respectively, by 21.3 and 10.71% (p = 0.041 and 0.086). According to the HUI2 classification system, a significant improvement in the emotion attribute was revealed, which positively correlated with the overall indicator and the emotion indicator of the PAQLQ (S) questionnaire. In the remaining groups, the indicators of the Health Utilities Index questionnaire did not change significantly. Conclusion. The study results showed that the dynamics of the quality of life in children with severe persistent BA is an important additional criterion in a comprehensive assessment of the efficacy of targeted bioengineering therapy. Качество жизни (КЖ) — важный параметр, обеспечивающий дополнительную информацию об изменениях в состоянии здоровья. Цель исследования — изучить изменение КЖ пациентов с бронхиальной астмой (БА) тяжелого персистирующего течения на фоне лечения генно-инженерным биологическим препаратом (ГИБП) омализумабом в дополнение к ежедневной базисной терапии. Методы. Оценка КЖ проводилась с помощью вопросников Health Utilities Index Mark 3 и Mark 2 (HUI3, HUI2) в двух точках (1-я точка и 2-я точка — через 6 мес) у 47 детей с тяжелым течением БА в возрасте 13 (7; 17) лет, из них 72% мальчиков. В этих же точках КЖ было оценено с использованием специализированного детского вопросника PAQLQ(S) (Standardised Paediatric Asthma Quality Of Life Questionnaire). Результаты. В зависимости от длительности терапии омализумабом все дети были разделены на 5 групп: 1-я — дети, которые в 1-й точке не получали лечение моноклональными антителами; во 2, 3, 4, 5-й группах оценка КЖ проводилась на фоне ГИБП в течение разного времени. У детей 1-й группы, у которых КЖ оценивалось до начала терапии ГИБП и через 6 мес, отмечалось статистически значимое изменение баллов по вопроснику Health Utilities Index: мультиатрибутные индексы HUI2 и HUI3 улучшились, соответственно, на 21,3 и 10,71% (р=0,041 и 0,086); по данным классификационной системы HUI2 выявлено достоверное улучшение атрибута «эмоции», который положительно коррелировал с общим показателем и показателем «эмоциональная сфера» вопросника PAQLQ(S). Заключение. Результаты исследования показали, что динамика качества жизни у детей с тяжелой персистирующей БА является важным дополнительным критерием в комплексной оценке эффективности применения таргетной биоинженерной терапии. 

Кохлеарная имплантация у ребенка с синдромом гипоплазии левых отделов сердца:клинический случай

Relevance. The hypoplastic left-heart syndrome at congenital heart disease has frequency of 261 cases out of 10,000 newborns. Children with hypoplastic left-heart syndrome can have comorbid congenital anomalies and acquired diseases that require treatment and are associated with high mortality risk.Description of a clinical case. Female patient, 6 years 4 months, with the hypoplastic left-heart syndrome was admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis «Sensorineural hearing loss, speech delay» for performing of cochlear implantation. The council of physicians was convoked before the surgery to coordinate patient management. Members of surgical, anesthesiology, laboratory and instrumental examination departments were involved into preoperative assessment and planning due to the high level of surgical and anesthetic risk. The patient was dismissed from hospital on the 10th day after cochlear implantation. The patient has undergone the course of auditory-verbal therapy a month after. The child was dismissed wit state improvement.Conclusion. The example of successfully performed surgery in the patient with hypoplastic left-heart syndrome and such severe comorbid pathology as sensorineural hearing loss is presented. Complete physical examination of the child in preoperative period and adequate preparation for the surgery were the key factors for patient successful management and further rehabilitation.Обоснование.Синдром гипоплазии левых отделов сердца при врожденном пороке сердца отмечается с частотой 261 случай на 10 000 новорожденных. Дети с синдромом гипоплазии левых отделов сердца могут иметь сопутствующие врожденные аномалии и приобретенные заболевания, которые требуют лечения и ассоциированы с высоким риском смерти.Описание клинического случая. Пациентка в возрасте 6 лет 4 мес с синдромом гипоплазии левых отделов сердца поступила в стационар с диагнозом «Двусторонняя сенсоневральная тугоухость, задержка речевого развития» для проведения кохлеарной имплантации. Перед оперативным вмешательством был созван консилиум с целью согласования тактики ведения пациента. В связи с высоким операционно-анестезиологическим риском в предоперационную подготовку были вовлечены как члены хирургической и анестезиологической бригад, так и специалисты по лабораторным и инструментальным исследованиям. На 10-е сут после кохлеарной имплантации ребенок выписан из стационара. Через 1 мес пациентке проведен курс слухоречевой реабилитации. Ребенок с улучшением состояния выписан домой.Заключение. Продемонстрировано успешно проведенное хирургическое вмешательство пациентке с синдромом гипоплазии левых отделов сердца и тяжелой сопутствующей патологией — двусторонней сенсоневральной тугоухостью. Комплексное обследование ребенка до операции, а также адекватно проведенная подготовка были залогом успешного лечения и последующей реабилитации пациента

Abstracts from the 20th International Symposium on Signal Transduction at the Blood-Brain Barriers

https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138963/1/12987_2017_Article_71.pd

British Historian Paul Dukes on the Regions of Russia in the Context of its History

The article is devoted to the study of the history of Russia’s northern and eastern regions by Paul Dukes (1934–2021), a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Professor Emeritus at the University of Aberdeen. Based on the British historian’s scholarly publications and his travelogue sharing his personal impressions of Russian hinterland, the article presents his understanding of the specifics of the Russian North, the Urals, and the Far East in the history of Russia. It has been shown that the British historian made a significant contribution to English-language historiography by creating an image of the regions that are peripheral but nonetheless very significant for Russia and the world. He worked in the genre of analytical narrative and his scholarship was based upon the works of Russian, Soviet, and Western historians, historical documents, and his own impressions. Historicism, objectivism, broad outlook, comparativism, and the ability to adjust his research optics to micro- and macromodes depending on the tasks and specifics of the study were typical traits of the style of Paul Dukes’ writing. The image of the Russian North was shaped by the personal impressions of the British traveler; as an outside observer, he captured the details and circumstances of the post-Soviet period, which, however, did not spoil the warmth of perception of traditional values and hospitability of the northerners. Path-breaking in the English-language historiography, his monograph on the history of the Urals from the early Russian colonization to the present day reveals to the foreign reader the significance of the largest metallurgical region for the development of Russia and the world. Manchuria in Russian and Soviet history is considered in the context of intense international rivalry