Terpenes and steroids from leaves of Oxandra sessiliflora R. E. Fries

The EtOH extract from the leaves of Oxandra sessiliflora R. E. Fries (Annonaceae) was partitioned using hexane and CH2Cl2. After several chromatographic steps, caryophyllene oxide and spathulenol were isolated from hexane phase while, from CH2Cl2 phase, we isolated (E)-phytol, spathulenol, 4 beta,10 alpha-dihydroxyaromadendrane, 1 beta,6 alpha-dihydroxyeudesm-4(15)-ene, and 4 alpha, 7 beta, 10 alpha-trihydroxyguai-5-ene, the latter being a new sesquiterpene derivative. Additionally, a mixture of steroids (campesterol, sitosterol, and stigmasterol) was obtained from the CH2Cl2 phase. the isolated compounds were characterized by mass spectrometry and analysis of their H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopic data, including bidimensional analysis. (C) 2013 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Fed Piaui, Dept Quim, BR-64049550 Teresina, PI, BrazilUniv Fed Bahia, Inst Quim, BR-40170280 Salvador, BA, BrazilUniv Fed Mato Grosso, Inst Ciencias Nat Humanas & Sociais, BR-78557267 Sinop, MT, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Inst Ciencias Ambientais Quim & Farmaceut, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Inst Ciencias Ambientais Quim & Farmaceut, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA E ATIVIDADE ANTILEISHMANIA DE Tocoyena hispidula

Phytochemical investigation of the CHCl3 fraction from EtOH extract of Tocoyena hispidula (Rubiaceae) stem resulted in the isolation and identification of D-(+)-mannitol, lupenone, 3-O-acetyloleanolic acid, lapachol, dimethyl chelidonate, morindolide and four mixtures (M1-M4): M1 (palmitate, margarate, linoleate, oleate e stearate of the multiflorenyl, lupeyl, sitosteryl and stigmasteryl), M2 (lupeol, taraxerol, germanicol, β-amyrin and E-fitol), M3 (campesterol, campestanol, stigmasterol, Δ22-stigmastenol, sitosterol and sitostanol) and M4 (7-ketositosterol and 7-ketostigmasterol). Structural identification of the compounds was performed by analysis 1H and 13C NMR spectra and by GC-MS. Extract, fractions, dimethyl chelidonate and morindolide inhibited the growth of Leishmania major promastigotes, being the CHCl3 (IC50 = 26.25 µg mL-1) and EtOAc (IC50 = 29.77 µg mL-1) fractions the more active

Gastric Antiulcerogenic and Hypokinetic Activities of Terminalia fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. (Combretaceae)

The acute toxicity, the antioxidant activity, and the pharmacological activity on the gastrointestinal tract of rodents of the ethanolic extract (TFEE) from the bark of Terminalia fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. (Combretaceae) and of its aqueous (TFAqF), hydroalcoholic (TFHAF), and hexanic (TFHEXF) partition fractions have been evaluated. TFEE presented low acute toxicity, antioxidant, and antiulcerogenic activity against ethanol-induced ulcers, which was partially blocked by pretreatment with L-NAME and indomethacin. It reduced the total acidity and raised the pH of gastric secretion. Additionally, TFEE delayed gastric emptying and slightly inhibited the small intestinal transit and also presented a weakly antidiarrheal activity. The antiulcerogenic and antioxidant activity were also detected in TFAqF and TFHAF but not in TFHEXF. The antisecretory and gastroprotective activity of TFEE partially involve the nitric oxide and prostaglandin participation. Nevertheless, TFEE, TFAqF, and TFHAF drastically reduced the mucus layer adhered to the gastric wall of rats treated with ethanol or indomethacin. Complementary studies are required in order to clarify the paradox of the presence of a gastroprotector activity in this plant that, at the same time, reduces the mucus layer adhered to the gastric wall