Preservability of bull spermatozoa in Tris-egg yolk extender enriched with different concentrations of butylated hydroxytoluene

Objective: To explore the effect of BHT on cattle spermatozoa during cooling and cryopreservation.Methods: Pooled bull semen were diluted by Tris-Citrate-Fructose egg yolk (TCFY) diluent considered as control (0 BHT) and different concentrations of BHT (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mM were prepared in ethanol in prewarmed (37 °C) test tubes. The ethanol was allowed to evaporate so that, a thin crystallized layer of BHT was deposited on the inner surface of the tubes. Then extended semen was added into the tubes and incubated at 37 °C for 5 min to allow uptake of BHT by spermatozoa. The tubes were cooled slowly (approximately for 2 h) up to 5 °C and equilibrated for 4 h. After equilibration, semen freezing process was carried out. Extended semen was subjected to evaluation (motility, alive sperm, intact sperm membrane (HOST) % and acrosome integrity) in both cooled and cryopreserved semen.Results: The result revealed that sperm motility of post-cooled spermatozoa improved (P<0.05) by the use of BHT concentrations (1, 2 and 3 mM) in Tris semen extender if compared to the control (85.00±1.09), (83.33± 0.63), (81.67± 0.63) and (78.33± 0.63), respectively. Alive sperm percent was significantly higher in all concentrations of BHT. Sperm abnormalities percent were significantly lower in concentrations of BHT 1 and 2 (11.2±0.2), (11.8±0.2)and (13.4±0.4), respectively. Sperm membrane integrity were significantly higher in BHT concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mM). It is exhibited that improved sperm motility in post-thawed frozen semen in the concentrations of BHT (1, 2, 3 and 4 mM) if compared to the control. The sperm membrane integrity were significantly improved at all concentrations of BHT. Acrosome integrity was significantly higher at BHT concentration 1 mM (81.80±0.57) and (76.00±2.05), respectively.Conclusions: It could be concluded that some concentrations of BHT improved bull semen quality post-cooling and post-freezing

Determination of Nutritional, Sensory and Biological Properties of Colored Pasta Prepared from Quinoa Grains

The present study investigates the nutritional, sensory and biological properties of colored pasta prepared from Quinoa&nbsp;Chenopodium quinoa&nbsp;grains. Four colored pasta were prepared from quinoa: White (control), red, orange and green. The sensory evaluation results indicated general acceptability of the coloured pasta compared to the white pasta (control) and commercial pasta made of durum wheat. The nutritional analysis revealed that the protein of the pasta increased by using Quinoa grains and thus the colored pasta is more nutritious than the white pasta. Orange pasta is considered a safe food for celiac patients, because it is gluten-free. Hence, the beneficial role of a Quinoa pasta diet to prevent of celiac disease was investigated in a 30 days biological study. The results revealed that the highest increase in body weight gain was noticed in rats fed orange pasta diet compared with other groups. Meanwhile, a significant increase in relative liver weight and decreased in intestine weight were observed in rats fed 10% wheat gluten. The substantial elevation of serum enzymatic activity level were significantly restored to normal in rats fed the orange pasta with10% wheat gluten compared with rat fed 10% wheat gluten. The activities of antioxidant enzymes decreased in rats fed 10% wheat gluten compared with rat fed Orange pasta. The concentrations of serum Immunoglobulin Aantibodies were significantly higher in rats fed 10% wheat gluten and restored to normal levels in rats fed orange Quinoa pasta diet with 10% wheat gluten. Histopathological studies of the intestine and liver in rats fed orange Quinoa pasta diet with 10% wheat gluten revealed minimizing changes in these organs compared with rats fed orange Quinoa pasta diet alone which showed normal histopathological structure similar to control group. It can be concluded that Quinoa pasta could be considered a safe food for celiac patients

Freezability of buffalo semen with TRIS extender enriched with disaccharides (trehalose or sucrose) and different glycerol concentrations

Objective: To display the effect of different concentrations of glycerol, as a cryopreservative, on the quality of the frozen-thawed buffalo semen extended in TRIS extender enriched with disaccharides (trehalose or sucrose). Methods: Semen samples were extended in Tris-Citric acid-Fructose-Egg yolk without addition of trehalose/sucrose and with 6.4% glycerol as a control (TFEG-C) and with the addition of Trehalose/Sucrose and different concentrations of glycerol to ensure 60 million motile spermatozoa mL−1. Semen cooled slowly up to 5 and equilibrated for 4 h. Semen was packed into 0.25 mL polyvinyl French straws. The straws were placed horizontally on a rack and frozen in a vapor 4 cm above liquid nitrogen (LN2) for 10 min then dipped in liquid LN2. Frozen straws were thawed at 37 °C for 1 min. The parameters studied were sperm motility, sperm viability, sperm abnormality, sperm membrane integrity (HOST), percent of normal intact acrosome and DNA fragmentation. Results: The best sperm motility, sperm liveability, sperm abnormality, sperm cell membrane and DNA integrities appeared with TFES-G 5.5% (41.00 ± 2.08%, 70.40 ± 2.27%, 7.80 ± 1.19%, 68.10 ± 1.55%, 98.90 ± 0.50%, respectively) and TFES-G 7.3% (41.50 ± 1.98%, 70.70 ± 2.03%, 10.80 ± 0.88%, 69.30 ± 1.85% and 96.40 ± 0.88%, respectively). Conclusion: From the present study, it can be concluded that addition of glycerol (5.5% or 7.3%) to Tris-Fructose-Egg yolk-Sucrose extender might help in improvement of the post-thawed characteristics of buffalo frozen semen

Effects of different concentrations of sucrose or trehalose on the post-thawing quality of cattle bull semen

Objective: To examine the effect of different concentrations of trehalose or sucrose (50 or 100 or 200 mM) on post-thawed quality of bull semen, cryo-preserved in Tris-citric acid-egg yolk-fructose (TCYF). Methods: Semen samples were diluted in TCYF extender, TCYF + trehalose (50, 100 and 150 mM/L) or TCYF + sucrose (50, 100 and 150 mM/L) to ensure 60 million motile spermatozoa mL-1, cooled slowly up to 5 °C and equilibrated for 4 h. Semen was packed into 0.25 mL polyvinyl French straws. The straws were placed horizontally on a rack and frozen in a vapor 4 cm above liquid nitrogen (LN2) for 10 minutes then dipped in liquid LN2. Frozen straws were thawed at 37 °C for 1 min. The parameters studied were sperm motility, sperm viability, sperm abnormality, sperm membrane integrity (HOST), percent of normal intact acrosome and DNA fragmentation. Results: The output data demonstrated that addition of 50–100 mM of trehalose or sucrose/L TCYF after chilling at 5 °C had significantly (P<0.0001) ameliorated motility, membrane integrity, viability, abnormal morphology, and acrosome integrity % compared to control diluted semen while 50 mM of trehalose/L, and 50–100 mM of sucrose/L to TCYF diluent had significantly (P<0.0001) improved after thawing motility (43.00,% 45.00% and 41.00%, respectively), membrane integrity (67.40%, 67.80% and 69.40%, respectively), life sperm % (70.20%, 69.40% and 71.40% respectively), and acrosome integrity percentages (56.40%, 58.80% and 55.80% respectively) compared to the control tris-base diluent, while diminishing the abnormal sperm morphology (6.20, 3.80 and 3.80 respectively) and DNA fragmentation (3.60%, 3.80% and 3.80% respectively). Besides, the addition of 100 mM of trehalose/L to tris-base diluent has also a promising effect when added to the tris-base diluent concerning the above parameters. Conclusion: It is finally concluded that the addition of 50–100 mM trehalose or sucrose/L to TCYF have a beneficial effect in chilling diluted bull semen, while the use of 50 mM trehalose or 50–100 mM sucrose had their benefits on freezing-thawing of extended semen

Processing of a Nutrient-Rich Cereal Butter an Alternative to Peanut Butter

Cereal butter were made from sunflower, pumpkin, garden cress, corn, rye and peanut butter served as control. Chemical, physical, microbiological, textural and sensory evaluation of cereal based butter poduced from different types of cereal were analzed using a standard method. Pumpkin had highest protein (30.23%), while sunflower, pumpkin and peanut cereals had the highest amounts of fats (51.46, 49.05 and 48.00%, respectively). Also, corn had the highest amounts (72.56%) of carbohydrate. For microbiological evaluation, data show that total mould count ranged between 1.10 to 1.80 log cfu/g for rye and peanut, respectively. Garden cress is a good source of potassium, calcium, iron, and sodium. Also, Pumpkin is a good source of Magnesium, zinc, Phosphor and Selenium.&nbsp; Sunflower had the highest value of Vitamin B1, B2, B6, B9 and E but garden cress had the highest value of B2, K and C vitamins. The fatty acid composition of cereals reported that palmitic acid was the highest value in rye 21.80%. The Palmitoleic acid ranged from 0.22 to 12.50%, the lowest was peanut and highest occurred in sunflower. The highest of oleic acid was peanut 46.80%. &nbsp;Sunflower had highest Linoleic acid (69.0%) and garden cress had highest of linolenic acid 32.18%. Rye had highest value (20.69%) in Arachidic acid and garden cress scored highest in Eicosenoic acid (13.40%). The microbiological quality of cereals butter samples are total aerobic bacterial counts (TAB) ranged between 1.09 log cfu/g (rye butter) to 1.91 log cfu/g (peanut butter). Garden cress was obtained the higher for viscosity value (16100, 15900 and 15700 cp/s) at 25, 40, 60°C than other cereals butter. In texture analysis, garden cress butter had the highest significant amounts of hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness and adhesiveness. Sensory evaluation of sunflower butter had the highest significant amounts of overall acceptability, peanut butter then pumpkin butter (96.30, 88.40 and 79.20, respectively) in all samples. Results could be useful in improving cereal butter processing and delivering sunflower butter to consumers who are more concerned as a functional food, high fat content and peanut allergy

Effects of pomegranate juice in Tris-based extender on cattle semen quality after chilling and cryopreservation

Objective: To study the effect of adding different concentrations of the pomegranate juice (PJ) to the cattle bull semen extender on post-thawing semen quality. Methods: Semen was collected from five cattle-bulls at weekly intervals for 5 weeks at the Semen Freezing Center, General Organization for Vet. Services, Ministry of Agriculture. Semen samples were diluted in Tris-citric acid-egg yolk-fructose extender and divided into six aliquots, the 1st served as control while PJ was supplemented at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% in the aliquot 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. Diluted semen samples were subjected to cooling and cryopreservation and stored in liquid nitrogen (LN2). Sperm motility in chilled semen (over 10 d) and post-thawing sperm parameters, including individual motility, alive sperm, membrane integrity, and total sperm abnormality were assessed. Results: Obtained results clearly demonstrated that the addition of 10% PJ in the chilled extended cattle semen proved to be beneficial for maintaining sperm motility percentage. On the other hand, the addition of 40% and 50% PJ failed to preserve motility all over the 10 d. Also, supplementation of extender with 10–20% PJ significantly increases the post-thaw motility and viability as compared with control group. Conclusions: Supplementation of bull semen extender with 10% and 20% PJ provides good chilling and improved frozen-thawed semen quality

Comparing the effect of three denture adhesives on the retention of mandibular complete dentures for diabetic patients (randomized clinical trial)

Abstract ᅟᅟᅟ Retention is an important parameter in the success of the prosthodontic treatment. Retention depends upon numerous factors such as physical, physiological, psychological, mechanical, and surgical factors. Denture adhesives increase the retention and stability of complete dentures. Denture adhesives have many indications such as immediate dentures, flat ridges, and patients with xerostomia and poor muscle control. Aim of study The present in vivo clinical study evaluates whether the adhesives used are truly effective to improve the mandibular complete denture retention for low well-rounded mandibular ridges in controlled diabetic patients. Materials and methods An in vivo clinical study is made of 30 male completely edentulous patients with low well-rounded mandibular ridges with an age group of 50–70 years were selected. All patients were controlled diabetic type 2. New complete dentures were constructed for them. The universal testing machine was used to measure forces required to dislodge the dentures. Retention of mandibular complete dentures was measured without adhesive and with the use of three types of denture adhesives after adaptation period of 1 month. A paste type (Fittydent) and two cream types (Protefix and Corega) were used. The average records after 15 min, 1 h, and 2 h were recorded. Results and conclusion This study revealed that denture adhesives increase retention of complete dentures. Fittydent adhesive paste was more effective in improving the retention than Protefix and Corega adhesive creams. Therefore, denture adhesives improve patient satisfaction

Comparative blood and seminal plasma oxidant/antioxidant status of Arab stallions with different ages and their relation to semen quality

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant/oxidant levels in blood serum and seminal plasma of Arab stallion with different ages and their relation to semen quality. Methods: Healthy Arabian stallions (n = 57), were divided into three groups. Young (5–10years), Moderate (11–16 years) and Old stallions (>16 years) were subjected to semen evaluation. Seminal plasma and blood samples were collected and stored at −20 °C for measuring glutathione reduced, nitric oxide, Malondialdehyde, ascorbic acid, copper and zinc. Results: Old stallions had significantly greater (P < 0.05) ejaculate volume, % live sperm, and total sperm number compared to young and moderate aged groups. The moderate age horses had significantly the lowest (P < 0.05) sperm concentration. Compared to young horses, serum zinc concentrations of moderate and old horses were significantly high (P < 0.0 001), but NO concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) low. Seminal plasma zinc, ascorbic acid and nitric oxide concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05 and 0.01) high in young stallion group. No significant correlations were observed between seminal zinc, copper, MDA and semen variables. Meanwhile, significant negative correlations were observed between seminal plasma ascorbic acid concentration and all semen variables except total sperm number and sperm abnormities %. Significant correlations were observed between reduced glutathione and both of sperm motility and % of live sperm. Nitric oxide concentrations correlated directly with individual sperm motility but adversely with total sperm number. Conclusion: Stallion age has significant effect on some semen variables, antioxidant/oxidant status of either blood serum or seminal plasma