2 research outputs found
Maternal exposure to the environmental pollutant "BDE-47" impairs the postnatal development of rat cerebellar cortex by modulating neuronal proliferation, synaptogenesis, NGF and BDNF pathways
. 2,2’,4,4’-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47) is an environmental contaminant that crosses the
blood placental barrier and interferes with the
homeostasis of fetal thyroid hormones.
Aim of work. This study was designed to investigate
the perinatal effect of BDE-47 exposure on the postnatal
development of the rat cerebellar cortex.
Materials and methods. This study was carried out
on 20 pregnant rats and 36 of their offspring. The
pregnant rats were divided equally into control and
BDE-47 treated mother groups; supplemented orally
with BDE-47 (0.2 mg/kg/day from day 8 of gestation
until the day of weaning). The offspring of both mother
groups were subdivided, according to their
developmental age, into three subgroups; PND14,
PND21and PND42. SerumT3, T4 and TSH were
assessed for dams and their offspring. Testing the motor
coordination of the offspring via the rotarod test was
conducted. Sections of the cerebellar cortex from
offspring subgroups were stained with hematoxylin and
eosin alongside immunohistochemical reactions and
optical density of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain
derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), proliferating cell
nuclear antigen (PCNA) and synaptophysin (SYN) were
assessed. Also, the thickness of different layers of the
cerebellar cortex was histomorphometrically measured.
Results. BDE-47 treated mothers and their offspring
subgroups showed a significant decrease in the serum
free T3, T4 and increased TSH. The BDE-47 offspring
displayed incoordination of the motor activity together
with disturbed cytoarchitecture of the cerebellar cortical
layers, and impaired migration of its germinative
neuronal zones, particularly on PND14 and PND21.
Moreover, these offspring displayed a decrease of the
immune-expression and optical density of NGF, BDNF
in the cerebellar cortical layers with impaired
proliferation, and synaptogenesis.
Conclusion. Maternal exposure to BDE-47 during
pregnancy and lactation effectuated a potential
deleterious retarding effect on the postnatal development
of the rat cerebellar cortex mostly via modulating
neuronal proliferation, synaptogenesis, NGF and BDNF
pathways secondary to its hypothyroid effect
Effect of high fat diet on structure of liver and gallbladder of adult male mice – an experimental study
Introduction. High fat diet (HFD) intake induces obesity and adversely affects different body organs including liver and gallbladder.
Aim. It was to clarify the effects of HFD on the liver and gallbladder structure using light microscopic (LM) examination.
Material and methods. 16 healthy adult male mice were equally divided into 2 groups. Control group mice were fed normal diet. HFD group was fed using HFD. At the end of the 8-week experiment, mice were anesthetized. Liver and gallbladder were removed and prepared to histological processing. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunostaining for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) cellular localization. Oil Red O (ORO)-stained frozen liver sections were prepared.
Results. H&E-stained sections of HFD group revealed rounded swollen hepatic cells with pale cytoplasm suggesting cellular ballooning. Dilated congested sinusoids and portal vein, cellular degeneration and collection of inflammatory cells were observed between hepatic cells and in portal region. Gallbladder sections showed epithelial stratification and cellular vacuolation. Strong immunoexpression of COX-2 was observed in Kupffer and hepatic cells of the liver and gallbladder mucosal epithelial cells.
Conclusion. HFD is suggested to alter the normal histological features of liver and gallbladder represented by fatty liver and gallbladder epithelial hyperplasia and inflammatory reaction