The Structure and Psychometric Properties of Wellness for A Sample of Teachers in Egypt

The present study attempts to examine the structure of wellness for a sample of teachers in Egypt and examine psychometric properties of wellness Inventory. The study questions addressed are: is the structure of wellness multidimensional or uni-dimensional?, Is wellness inventory has appropriate psychometric properties?. A total of 417 teachers from Egypt completed the inventory of wellness, including males (N= 260) and females (N= 157).The teachers ranged in age from 29 to 48 with an average age 36.7 and S.D. 1.7 .  The inventory that used in this study is referred to as the multidimensional organizational wellness inventory (MOWI) (Fasone, 2017), Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is used. The results indicates that The structure of wellness is multidimensional which includes physical, emotional, social, intellectual, spiritual, occupational , and environmental. And the inventory has appropriate psychometric properties. Keywords: Wellness, Reliability, Construct Validity DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/9-16-04 Publication date: August 31st 201

Unrealistic Optimism Among a Sample of University Students in Egypt and Saudi Arabia (Cross-cultural Study)

The present study considered as cross-cultural study attempts to examine the psychometric properties of unrealistic optimism in light of the scale used in the study for Egyptian and Saudi Arabia university students and Is the measurement equivalent of the scale terms for Egyptian and Saudi Arabia university students? . A total of (336) male students from university in Egypt and in Saudi Arabia from different specialties completed the scale of unrealistic optimism (prepared by the researchers), Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is used. The results indicate that the structure of model of unrealistic optimism is fit and the scale has appropriate psychometric properties. And the result indicate that the unrealistic optimism scale  have the same structure in Egypt and Saudi Arabia , that means the factorial invariance of unrealistic optimism in Egypt and Saudi Arabia . Keywords: Unrealistic optimism, Reliability, Construct validity, Cultural differences. DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/9-24-12 Publication date: December 31st 2019

Réponse aux stress abiotiques chez Eucalyptus gunii (analyse globale du transcriptome sur filtres haute densité et caractérisation moléculaire du gène Sxd1 (synthèse de la vitamine E))

TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Genetic and Hormonal Regulation of Sweet Cherry (<i>Prunus avium</i> L.) Maturity across Altitudinal Gradients

Lebanon is recognized as a major producer of sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) within the Mediterranean region. This non-climacteric fruit is grown at various altitudes, leading to considerable variation in maturity dates among cultivated varieties and altitudes and subsequently influencing harvest timing. The interaction between genotype and environment significantly affects fruit maturity dates and physicochemical attributes. Fruit maturation entails the regulated activity of numerous genes. In this study, we analyzed gene expression in the berries of six sweet cherry varieties (“Skeena”, “Teliani”, “Banni”, “Feraouni”, “Mkahal”, and “Irani”) cultivated at five locations, ranging from 1130 m to 2080 m above sea level, from May to July. This research focused on the genes potentially associated with auxin response factors, Abscisic acid receptors, ethylene receptors, gibberellin, and cytokinin regulations. Additionally, hormone analysis encompassing Benzyl Adenine (BA), Zeatin, Salicylic acid (SA), Gibberellic acid (GA3), and Abscisic acid (ABA) quantification was conducted on the same samples. The results revealed significant differences in gene expression concerning harvest dates, varieties, and locations. Abscisic acid and Salicylic acid exhibited higher concentrations in the tested fruits throughout the season. Benzyl Adenine had the lowest detected content in fruits. Data also revealed dynamic changes in phytohormones, especially ABA content, among varieties. When comparing phytohormones for different harvest dates in the same location, significant differences were observed. This work contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of plant hormones and their gene expression in the maturation of non-climacteric fruits

Quality and Phytochemical Composition of Sweet Cherry Cultivars Can Be Influenced by Altitude

Sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) are among the most important stone fruits in Lebanon. They are harvested between May and July; however, the introduction of new early varieties in low and medium altitudes (500–1000 m) and late varieties in higher altitudes (1800–2200 m) along with postharvest technologies can extend harvesting season. In this study, physicochemical characteristics along with total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity of the most commercial cherry cultivars were evaluated at different altitudes to determine optimum harvesting time. Findings indicated that some varieties, such as “Teliani” and “Irani”, are more significantly impacted by altitude than the other varieties in terms of maturity indices. Duration of fruit development was prolonged with altitude, and in most instances, higher fresh weights and sizes were observed; however, fruit firmness decreased. While total phenolic content (expressed as gallic acid equivalent) did not significantly vary between varieties, the antioxidant activity (FRAP and DPPH assays) showed the lowest value in “Banni” and the total anthocyanin content showed the highest levels in “Irani” and ”Feraouni” and the lowest in “Mkahal” and “Banni”. Furthermore, total phenolic content and reduction of ferric complex (FRAP) were interestingly influenced by geographical locations, in contrast to total anthocyanin content and radical scavenging activity (DPPH) which were unaffected

Impact of <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> and <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> on the Metabolic Interactions between Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.) and Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV)

In natural systems, plant–endophyte interactions are important for reducing abiotic and biotic stresses in plants by producing a variety of metabolites that protect plants from pathogens and herbivores. Biocontrol strategies are increasingly being used as a viable alternative to chemical pesticides. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are one of them, and they have been touted as a successful method for biological pest control in plants. Because EPF strains are sensitive to environmental conditions when sprayed, the recently discovered endophytic behavior of several EPF strains has improved their management. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most common and serious plant viruses worldwide, infecting over 1200 plant species and being spread by more than 80 aphid species. CMV control is directed towards the use of chemical insecticides to eradicate its insect vectors. Endophytic EPF is currently being studied to control plant virus infection, and antagonistic effects have been reported. Metabolomics is an emerging research field for plant metabolite profiling and is employed to study plant–endophyte interactions. In the present research, metabolomics approaches were conducted to gain information into mechanisms involved in defense against CMV in endophytes Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (EPF)-treated diseased cucumber plants. In addition, CMV-induced metabolic changes in cucumber plants were investigated. Our analysis indicated large differences in cucumber metabolites due to endophytes application. In total, six hundred and thirty-one metabolites were differentially expressed in endophyte-treated CMV diseased cucumber plants. Regulation of different kinds of amino acids, organic acids, and phenylpropanoids metabolites could provide insight about plant defense mechanism against CMV pathogen. Important metabolites were found to be regulated in diseased cucumber plants due to fungal endophytes treatment that could possibly confer tolerance to CMV disease

Maturity Assessment of Different Table Grape Cultivars Grown at Six Different Altitudes in Lebanon

Table grapes are harvested based on well-known maturity indices that must be monitored after fruit veraison. The aim of this study was to assess these indices across multiple locations and environmental conditions, encompassing different table grape cultivars such as Black Pearl, Crimson Seedless, Superior Seedless, and Red Globe. For this reason, grape sampling was conducted across six distinct locations characterized by varying altitudes above sea level (m asl) and environmental conditions over the ripening season. The main maturity indices, including pH, sugar content, titratable acidity, berry firmness, and other parameters were monitored over the growing season. Moreover, the quantification of total polyphenols, total anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity was determined using spectrophotometric assays at harvesting. The study has examined the effect of the vineyard’s location on grape quality and its interaction with the cultivar and environment. Crimson Seedless maintained a relatively high level of acidity with altitude near harvesting. Black Pearl exhibited a notable decline in both sugar content and berry firmness as elevation increased, whereas Red Globe demonstrated contrasting outcomes. The optimal maturity of Superior Seedless was observed at an elevation of 1000 m asl. Black Pearl and Crimson Seedless exhibited better adaptability to intermediate elevations (650 and 950 m asl), while Red Globe and Superior Seedless showed better adaptability to higher elevations (1000–1150 m asl). Among the studied cultivars, Black Pearl exhibited significantly higher levels of total polyphenols and anthocyanins, while close values were noticed between red and green cultivars