Neonatal mortality risk factors in Maraveh Tapeh County in Golestan province, north of Iran (2011-13)

Background and Objective: Neonatal mortality rate is one of the most important health criteria, worldwide. Understanding the major neonatal mortality causes will help to plan for better pregnancy, prenatal and neonatal care systems. This study was conducted to determine the neonatal mortality risk factors in Maraveh Tapeh County in Golestan province, north of Iran. Methods: In this case-control study, according to either death or live in 28th day after birth, 52 neonates were considered as case group and 201 neonates were considered as control group. Data collection questionnair were adjusted and completed for each neonate. Results: Neonatal mortality rate was 11.76, 13.36 and 6.46 per 1000 live birth in 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Five main causes of death were prematurity, events, birth defect, respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis, respectively. There was a significant relation between death and prematurity, birth weight and gender (P<0.05). There was relationship between birth weight and neonatal mortality (Odds Ratio=29.6). Conclusion: Prematurity and low birth weight were the most important causes of neonatal mortality in Maraveh Tapeh county in Golestan province, north of Iran

Therapeutic Ultrasound Examination of Follicular Reserve, and Ovarian Tissue Angiogenesis in Mice, 14 Days after Heterotopic Transplantation

Introduction: One of the challenges facing ovarian transplantation is overcoming the ischemia/ reperfusion injury. When blood supply to the implanted tissue is suboptimal (immediate post implant period), ultrasound therapy has been shown to increase mass transport. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrasound on heterotopic transplantation of mouse ovarian tissue. Methods: Adult female NMRI mice were selected and divided into the control, sham and experimental groups. In the experimental group, left ovarian tissue, after auto transplantation into the back muscle, underwent ultrasound exposure with intensity of 0.3 w/cm2, frequency of 3MHz & pulse mode of 1:4, for five minutes daily. The transplanted ovaries were removed and immediately fixed for histological study. Furthermore, rate of angiogenesis was assessed by immunohistochemistry Cd31 test. Results: The study results showed that the CD31 angiogenic factor was expressed more in the irradiated animals than in control group animals and ultrasound-therapy resulted in better follicular preservation. Conclusion: The ultrasound therapy can improve preservation of ovarian follicle .This is probably due to acceleration of angiogenesis and increase in production of growth factors by low intensity pulse ultrasound

The Effect of Foot Massage on Physiological Indicators of Female Patients with CVA Admitted in the ICU

Introduction: Intensive care unit is one of stressful wards for patients and stress creates some alterations in physiologic indicators of patients. So it is necessary to use a low expense and comforting method to stabilize physiologic indicators. The purpose of the present research is to determine the effect of foot massage on physiologic indicators including pulse, respiration, mean arterial pressure, temperature and arterial blood oxygen saturation. Methods: This research was a quasi experimental study and a clinical trial with repeated measures in which 46 patients with brain stroke hospitalized in intensive care unit of Tajrish Shohada Hospital in Tehran were studied. Information was collected 10 minutes before and 10 and 30 minute intervals after foot stroke massage on the second, third and fourth days of ICU admission. Data was analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA statistical method. Results: Findings showed that after 5-minute foot massage, pulse rate, respiratory rate and mean arterial blood pressure significantly decreased (P<0.001) and spo2 increased (P<0.001). Decreasing temperature was significant but alterations were little and clinically it can be said that body temperature had no alteration and approximately remained constant. Conclusion: Findings showed that parasympathetic activity after foot massage results in alteration of various body physiologic responses, relaxes patients and decreases their anxiety. Therefore anxiety of patients can decreased with using a simple, low expense and non invasive method and can stabilize physiologic indicators and decrease effects of vital signs instability

Ect of Glutathion on resumpsion of Meiosi in-vitro Maturation, and development of immature Mouse oocytes

Background and purpose : In this study the effects of glutathion on resumption of meiosis, in-vitro maturation and development of immature mouse oocytes was evaluated.Materials and methods : Immature oocytes recoverd from NMRI mouse strain (4-6 weeks) in four different experimental groups. Group 1 (control group): 345 immature oocytes were matured in MEM-α medium containing FCS 5%, group 1: 338 immature oocytes were cultured in MEM-α medium containing FCS 5% and 1mM glutathione, group 2: 237 immature oocytes curtured in MEM-α medium containing FCS 5%, 7.5 IuhCG, 100mIUrFSH and group 3: 327 immature oocytes were growed in MEM-α medium FCS5%, 7.5 IUhCG, 100mIUrFSH, 1mM glutathione. Fertilization and embryo development were done in T6 medium.Results : There were significant differences between in-vitro maturation rates (group 1: 59.71%, group 2: 79.28%, group 3: 52.74 and group 4: 70.22%) and resumpsion of meiosis (group 1: 74.20%, group 2: 92.88%, group 3: 74.26%, group 4: 86.20%) in different groups.Conclusion : The results of this study showed that glutathione (1mM) enhanced resumpsion of meiosis and in-vitro maturation and development of embryoes