Efficacy of Different Organophosphate Pesticides against Jassid Feeding on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

Field studies were conducted for the determination of efficacy of different organophosphate pesticides viz Profenofos, Dimethoate , Acephate and Malathion against jassid (Amrasca devastans) feeding on okra crop. Seeds of okra crop were planted in randomized block design with 3 replicates. The pretreatment observations were recorded at 24 hour before spray, while, the post-treatment observations were taken after 1, 2, 3,4,5,6 and 7 days of treatment. The crop was sprayed four times repeatedly with 7 day interval during the experimental period. The results revealed that all of the tested pesticides reduced the population of Amrasca devastans except Profenofos. Though the Profenofos was unable to reduce the pest population but it was able to somewhat control the further proliferation of pest. In contrary Dimethoate was found as the most effective against the jassid with significant reduction in pest population against the control and other treatments.The results obtained from the research concluded that the organophosphate pesticides including Dimethoate, Acephate, and Malathion were found effective for controlling the jassid population feeding on okra but the low dose of pesticides including Profenfos were found ineffective

Efficacy of Different Organophosphate Pesticides against Jassid Feeding on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

Field studies were conducted for the determination of efficacy of different organophosphate pesticides viz Profenofos, Dimethoate , Acephate and Malathion against jassid (Amrasca devastans) feeding on okra crop. Seeds of okra crop were planted in randomized block design with 3 replicates. The pretreatment observations were recorded at 24 hour before spray, while, the post-treatment observations were taken after 1, 2, 3,4,5,6 and 7 days of treatment. The crop was sprayed four times repeatedly with 7 day interval during the experimental period. The results revealed that all of the tested pesticides reduced the population of Amrasca devastans except Profenofos. Though the Profenofos was unable to reduce the pest population but it was able to somewhat control the further proliferation of pest. In contrary Dimethoate was found as the most effective against the jassid with significant reduction in pest population against the control and other treatments.The results obtained from the research concluded that the organophosphate pesticides including Dimethoate, Acephate, and Malathion were found effective for controlling the jassid population feeding on okra but the low dose of pesticides including Profenfos were found ineffective

Chrysotile-Asbestos-Induced Damage in Panicum virgatum and Phleum pretense Species and Its Alleviation by Organic-Soil Amendment

Asbestos is an industrially important microfiber present in cement industries and some mining sites and is very toxic to plant growth and development, but it has been neglected over the years. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the hazardous effects of asbestos on the growth and development of two important grass species (switchgrass and timothy grass). In order to mitigate the toxic effects of asbestos, a compost (bio-fertilizer) was also used. The asbestos soil samples were collected within a 10 km area of a cement factory. The results revealed that the asbestos-contaminated soils displayed a considerable increment in heavy metal uptake including chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), vanadium (V), arsenic (As), and barium (Ba), which led to stunted plant growth. Consequently, the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) were stimulated to kept the redox balance under control. Among all the contaminated soils, the soil that was taken within a 0 Km area, closest to the cement factory, was the most toxic one. However, a compost amendment (25%) as a bio-fertilizer substantially reduced the toxic effects of asbestos fiber on the overall growth and development of plants, by reducing the metals’ uptake. Moreover, it was found that the roots of both grass species experienced higher heavy metal accumulation relative to the shoots. Collectively, it can be proposed that the studied grass species can be used for phytoextraction purposes, since both of them absorbed the heavy metals from the asbestos-contaminated soils

Chrysotile-Asbestos-Induced Damage in <i>Panicum virgatum</i> and <i>Phleum pretense</i> Species and Its Alleviation by Organic-Soil Amendment

Asbestos is an industrially important microfiber present in cement industries and some mining sites and is very toxic to plant growth and development, but it has been neglected over the years. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the hazardous effects of asbestos on the growth and development of two important grass species (switchgrass and timothy grass). In order to mitigate the toxic effects of asbestos, a compost (bio-fertilizer) was also used. The asbestos soil samples were collected within a 10 km area of a cement factory. The results revealed that the asbestos-contaminated soils displayed a considerable increment in heavy metal uptake including chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), vanadium (V), arsenic (As), and barium (Ba), which led to stunted plant growth. Consequently, the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) were stimulated to kept the redox balance under control. Among all the contaminated soils, the soil that was taken within a 0 Km area, closest to the cement factory, was the most toxic one. However, a compost amendment (25%) as a bio-fertilizer substantially reduced the toxic effects of asbestos fiber on the overall growth and development of plants, by reducing the metals’ uptake. Moreover, it was found that the roots of both grass species experienced higher heavy metal accumulation relative to the shoots. Collectively, it can be proposed that the studied grass species can be used for phytoextraction purposes, since both of them absorbed the heavy metals from the asbestos-contaminated soils