It's about time: WHO and partners release programming strategies for postpartum family planning

The postpartum period is a critical time to address high unmet family planning need and to reduce the risks of closely spaced pregnancies. Practical tools are included in the new resource for integrating postpartum family planning at points when women have frequent health system contact, including during antenatal care, labor and delivery, postnatal care, immunization, and child health care

Foundational Issues In The Representational Theory Of Mind

The representational theory of mind (RTM) construes propositional attitude tokenings as formal processes defined over semantically interpreted symbol structures. According to the RTM, mental representations have their causal roles in virtue of their syntax.;In the thesis I evaluate the prospects for a theory of mind that (i) individuates mental states by reference to their contents and (ii) construes mental processes as syntactic processes. I examine and criticize a number of recent proposals, notably those of Fodor and Burge, for the individuation of mental states by their contents. I conclude that the arguments, on both sides, that allege to show that psychological theories must employ some antecedently specified notion of content are inconclusive. I then go on to criticize the central tenet of the RTM--that syntactic descriptions rather than semantic descriptions, capture the intrinsic casual properties of the mind--arguing that this doctrine is based on the mistaken belief that propositional attitudes must be construed as relational states to satisfy plausible adequacy conditions on a theory of mind. I conclude the thesis with a sketch of a non-relational construal of propositional attitudes which, I argue, seems at least as likely to satisfy the aforementioned adequacy conditions

Women Family Members’ Experiences of Involvement in Adult Inpatient Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation

Background: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) rehabilitation is an intensive process aimed at reducing disability. The experience of care is lived not only by the patient with TBI, but by the family as well. Methods: Five women family members of patients with TBI were interviewed. Based on a descriptive qualitative approach informed by phenomenology, thematic analysis was completed to draw a general sense of family members’ description of their involvement. Results: Two themes were identified: Wearing different hats and a balancing act, that highlight the many roles undertaken by the women family members as well as the difficulties they encountered. Conclusion: Occupational therapists may assist the health care team in an attempt to identify strategies to lessen the burden on the family

IV Caps: Is There Evidence For More Widespread Use?

Examination of IV port protector caps and their us

Halo painting of the Italian renaissance

The works of painters of the Italian Renaissance have been considered here with regard to the art centers from which they came; and the influence of one artist upon the formation of another has been acknowledged. Abundance of material, the ever-widening scope of interest, and the profuse originality in execution precludes any last....word conclusions. From the observations made, however. the study presented here does assume, with some assurance, that the great impetus for change in halo art, as in all art, came from Florence. It is also re-cognized that from that center it spread throughout the central and northern areas

Bacteriocins: Novel Solutions to Age Old Spore-Related Problems?

peer-reviewedBacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria, which have the ability to kill or inhibit other bacteria. Many bacteriocins are produced by food grade lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Indeed, the prototypic bacteriocin, nisin, is produced by Lactococcus lactis, and is licensed in over 50 countries. With consumers becoming more concerned about the levels of chemical preservatives present in food, bacteriocins offer an alternative, more natural approach, while ensuring both food safety and product shelf life. Bacteriocins also show additive/synergistic effects when used in combination with other treatments, such as heating, high pressure, organic compounds, and as part of food packaging. These features are particularly attractive from the perspective of controlling sporeforming bacteria. Bacterial spores are common contaminants of food products, and their outgrowth may cause food spoilage or food-borne illness. They are of particular concern to the food industry due to their thermal and chemical resistance in their dormant state. However, when spores germinate they lose the majority of their resistance traits, making them susceptible to a variety of food processing treatments. Bacteriocins represent one potential treatment as they may inhibit spores in the post-germination/outgrowth phase of the spore cycle. Spore eradication and control in food is critical, as they are able to spoil and in certain cases compromise the safety of food by producing dangerous toxins. Thus, understanding the mechanisms by which bacteriocins exert their sporostatic/sporicidal activity against bacterial spores will ultimately facilitate their optimal use in food. This review will focus on the use of bacteriocins alone, or in combination with other innovative processing methods to control spores in food, the current knowledge and gaps therein with regard to bacteriocin-spore interactions and discuss future research approaches to enable spores to be more effectively targeted by bacteriocins in food settings.KE, DF, CH, PC, MR, RR are supported by the Irish Government under the National Development Plan, through the Food Institutional Research Measure, administered by the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Ireland (DAFM 13/F/462) to PC and MR, a Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Technology and Innovation Development Award (TIDA 14/TIDA/2286) to DF, SFI-PI funding (11/PI/1137) to PDC and the APC Microbiome Insitute under Grant Number SFI/12/RC/2273

Low Income and Stroke Rehabilitation: A Tale of Two Clients

The objective of this paper is to provide a theoretical and practical understanding of these challenges with re-engagement in personally valued occupations following stroke, as well as to make recommendations to guide practice. First, we review the current understanding of the impact of low income on the experience of rehabilitation and on later participation in the community. Second, we present two theoretical approaches to understanding the impact of income: social determinants of health and intersectionality. We then present the stories of two low-income stroke survivors who were treated on an inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit. These stories serve to illustrate how the experiences of rehabilitation can differ based on social location and how an intersectionality approach can improve a rehabilitation team’s appreciation of the potential impact of a person’s unique context. Finally, we discuss the clinical implications and make recommendations for future research

Mentoring Experiences of Aging and Disability Rehabilitation Researchers

Objectives. To explore research mentoring experiences and perceived mentoring needs of aging and disability researchers at different career stages. Design. Focus group and individual interviews with rehabilitation researchers at various career stages based in hospitals, universities, and hospital-based research institutes in Ontario, Canada. Results. The overall theme was mentoring for transition. Participants across career stages referred to helpful mentoring experiences as those that assisted them to move from their previous stage into the present stage or from the present stage into their next career progression. Unhelpful mentoring experiences were characterized by mentor actions that were potentially detrimental to transition. Subsumed under this theme were three categories. The first, “hidden information” referred to practical information that was difficult to access. The second “delicate issues” referred to helping the participant work through issues related to sensitive matters, the discussion of which could put the participants or their colleagues in a vulnerable position. The third category was “special challenges of clinician-researchers”. Conclusions. Helpful mentoring for rehabilitation researchers working on concerns related to aging and disability appears to be characterized by interaction with more experienced individuals who aid the researcher work through issues related to career transition

Earl Heika, Montana Sculptor : His Life and His Work

The purpose of this paper is to record for all interested persons the available facts concerning the life and works of Earl Heika, Montana artist/sculptor. Heika, who lived most of his life in Great Falls, Montana, depicted Western subjects in his art