Importance of tetrahedral coordination for high-valent transition metal oxides: YCrO4_4 as a model system

We have investigated the electronic structure of the high oxidation state material YCrO$_4$ within the framework of the Zaanen-Sawatzky-Allen phase diagram. While Cr$^{4+}$-based compounds like SrCrO$_3$/CaCrO$_3$ and CrO$_2$ can be classified as small-gap or metallic negative-charge-transfer systems, we find using photoelectron spectroscopy that YCrO$_4$ is a robust insulator despite the fact that its Cr ions have an even higher formal valence state of 5+. We reveal using band structure calculations that the tetrahedral coordination of the Cr$^{5+}$ ions in YCrO$_4$ plays a decisive role, namely to diminish the bonding of the Cr $3d$ states with the top of the O $2p$ valence band. This finding not only explains why the charge-transfer energy remains effectively positive and the material stable, but also opens up a new route to create doped carriers with symmetries different from those of other transition-metal ions.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Tien-Shan effect and charmed particles

It is shown that the Tien-Shan effect can be explained as a consequence of charmed particle production with a sufficiently high production cross-section (about 5 mb/nucleon at 100 TeV)

Methodological aspects of the study branch of science histology (as electron microscopy) under the formation of a new technological order (Russia, the second half of the XX century - the beginning of the XXI century)

After analyzing the obtained during the investigation, the information we can talk about the existence of several major periods in the development of electron microscopy of the XX century in Russia. The first period is descriptive, on the basis of works on the history of certain biological sciences, cytology, histology, as well as the basic approach to the presentation of their main methods [E.M. Vermel, 1970; R.F. Kapustin, A.A. Gorbach, 2014], which states that no matter how improved the microscope, he would not allow to penetrate the secrets of cell morphology, if not at the same time to improve the technique of material processing, machinery manufacturing “microscopic sample» [Z.S. Katsnelson, 1963]. Destinations many studies have allowed through the use of modern methods of microscopy to link all stages of development of an organism with certain cell structures [L.Y. Blyakher, 1968]. The next period is associated with the development of technologies in the improvement and dissemination of electron microscopy. There has been a real surge of new directions in mikropostroenii are absorbed microscopes that meet all modern technical requirements [B.K. Ioannisiani, 1960; M.P. Panfilov, 1970]. Out of electron microscopy in the sphere of large-scale production and export to the world markets, identified the third stage of development of electron microscopy. Methodological analysis of the results allows us to determine the following main tendencies of development: use of nanoelectronics, the ability to explore the structure of organisms; in the formation of a new technological order play an important role public investment in microscopy, which form the basis of the spread of this method in the world and Russian economy [S.Yu. Glazyev, 2009]; scientific justification for ways to optimize physical resources and production processes, which are of a purely applied character, its practical importance can be manifested in the following forms: nanoelectronics, nanomaterials, nanobiotechnology and nanoequipment [S.Yu. Glazyev, 2010]. Thus, such a timely practical development can provide investment and the leading position of this sector in the crest of the wave of a new economic order

Electronic signature of the vacancy ordering in NbO (Nb3O3)

We investigated the electronic structure of the vacancy-ordered 4d-transition metal monoxide NbO (Nb3O3) using angle-integrated soft- and hard-x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as ultra-violet angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. We found that density-functional-based band structure calculations can describe the spectral features accurately provided that self-interaction effects are taken into account. In the angle-resolved spectra we were able to identify the so-called vacancy band that characterizes the ordering of the vacancies. This together with the band structure results indicates the important role of the very large inter-Nb-4d hybridization for the formation of the ordered vacancies and the high thermal stability of the ordered structure of niobium monoxide

Increasing and decreasing droplets velocity in micro channels

This paper deals with a specific aspect of non miscible liquid-liquid systems in microfluidic. For Chemical Engineering applications, the main constraints of functioning lies in the droplets velocity and frequency. Furthermore, the material used and the composition of the fluids is often imposed by the chemistry of the system (material resistance, fluids composition) and there is no possibility of adding other compound (surfactants for example). A technique under evaluation is presented: by using secondary channels and pumps, it is possible to increase or decrease at will the droplets velocity after they have been generated. Some experimental results are presented and discussed, including the possible limits of such an approach

Конкурентные преимущества кластера как фактор повышения инвестиционной активности инновационного предпринимательства

В умовах глобалізації та міжнародної конкуренції стійкість національної економіки визначається здатністю підприємств країни конкурувати на світовому ринку. При цьому світовий досвід демонструє можливість досягнення і збереження високої конкурентоспроможності країни, регіону, підприємства на основі кластерного підходу. У зв’язку з цим, метою статті є систематизація конкурентних переваг кластеру як фактору підвищення інвестиційної активності інноваційних підприємств – учасників кластеру. У процесі виконання дослідження використано загальнонаукові теоретичні методи: системний аналіз – для з’ясування основних категорій дослідження; абстрактно-логічний метод – для здійснення теоретичних узагальнень та висновків про сутність інноваційного кластеру та його конкурентних переваг, графічний метод – для наочного представлення теоретичного й аналітичного матеріалу щодо відображення конкурентних переваг інноваційних кластерів та їх значення для інвестиційної активності підприємств – учасників кластеру. У статті визначено роль інноваційного кластеру у формуванні конкурентних переваг для влади, підприємств-учасників кластеру та суспільства країни. Авторами охарактеризовано зовнішні та внутрішні конкурентні переваги для інноваційних підприємств у складі кластерного об’єднання. Запропонована характеристика конкурентних переваг інноваційного кластеру може бути використана його учасниками в процесі регулювання діяльністю кластера і підвищення їх інвестиційної активності.В условиях глобализации и международной конкуренции устойчивость национальной экономики определяется способностью предприятий страны конкурировать на мировом рынке. При этом мировой опыт демонстрирует возможность достижения и сохранения высокой конкурентоспособности страны, региона, предприятия на основе кластерного подхода. В связи с этим, целью статьи является систематизация конкурентных преимуществ кластера как фактора повышения инвестиционной активности инновационных предприятий-участников кластера. В процессе выполнения исследования использованы общенаучные теоретические методы: системный анализ – для определения основных категорий исследования; абстрактно-логический метод – для осуществления теоретических обобщений и выводов о сущности инновационного кластера и его конкурентных преимуществ, графический метод – для наглядного представления теоретического и аналитического материала, отражающего конкурентные преимущества инновационных кластеров и их значение для инвестиционной активности предприятий-участников кластера. В статье определены роль инновационного кластера в формировании конкурентных преимуществ для власти, предприятий-участников кластера и общества страны. Авторами охарактеризованы внешние и внутренние конкурентные преимущества для инновационных предприятий в составе кластерного объединения. Предложенная характеристика конкурентных преимуществ инновационного кластера может быть использована его участниками в процессе регулирования деятельностью кластера и повышение их инвестиционной активности.In the context of globalization and international competition, the stability of the national economy is determined by the ability of the country's enterprises to compete in the world market. At the same time world experience demonstrates the ability to achieve and maintain high competitiveness of the country, region, enterprise based on the cluster approach. In this connection, the purpose of the article is to systematize the competitive advantages of the cluster as a factor in increasing the investment activity of innovative enterprises-members of the cluster. In the course of the research, general scientific theoretical methods were used: system analysis – to clarify the main categories of research; abstract-logical method – for the implementation of theoretical generalizations and conclusions about the essence of the innovation cluster and its competitive advantages, graphical method – for visual presentation of theoretical and analytical material on the reflection of the competitive advantages of innovation clusters and their importance for the investment activity of enterprises-members of the cluster. The article defines the role of the innovation cluster in the formation of competitive advantages for the government, enterprisesmembers of the cluster and the society of the country. The authors describe the external and internal competitive advantages for innovative enterprises within a cluster association. The proposed characteristic of competitive advantages of an innovation cluster can be used by its participants in the process of regulating the activity of the cluster and enhancing their investment activity

Live Birth of a Healthy Child in a Couple with Identical mtDNA Carrying a Pathogenic c.471_477delTTTAAAAinsG Variant in the MOCS2 Gene.

Molybdenum cofactor deficiency type B (MOCODB; #252160) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that has only been described in 37 affected patients. In this report, we describe the presence of an in-frame homozygous variant (c.471_477delTTTAAAAinsG) in the MOCS2 gene in an affected child, diagnosed with Ohtahara syndrome according to the clinical manifestations. The analysis of the three-dimensional structure of the protein and the amino acid substitutions suggested the pathogenicity of this mutation. To prevent transmitting this mutation to the next generation, we used preimplantation genetic testing for the monogenic disorders (PGT-M) protocol to select MOCS2 gene mutant-free embryos for transfer in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program. As a result, a healthy child was born. Interestingly, both parents of the proband shared an identical mitochondrial (mt) DNA control region, assuming their close relationship and thus suggesting that both copies of the nuclear rare variant c.471_477delTTTAAAAinsG may have been transmitted from the same female ancestor. Our estimation of the a priori probability of meeting individuals with the same mtDNA haplotype confirms the assumption of a possible distant maternal relationship among the proband's direct relatives

Dynamic model of elastoplastic normal collision of spherical particles under nonlocal plasticity

The problem of normal collision of a spherical particle with a half-space is considered with allowance for nonlocal plastic deformation in the case where the strength limit depends on the contact radius, as well as for the strengthening effect in the deformed material. The dimensionless coefficient of normal velocity restitution has been calculated numerically as a function of the initial velocity of the spherical particle. The obtained data coincide well with experimental results available in the literature

Multiple-length-scale elastic instability mimics parametric resonance of nonlinear oscillators

Spatially confined rigid membranes reorganize their morphology in response to the imposed constraints. A crumpled elastic sheet presents a complex pattern of random folds focusing the deformation energy while compressing a membrane resting on a soft foundation creates a regular pattern of sinusoidal wrinkles with a broad distribution of energy. Here, we study the energy distribution for highly confined membranes and show the emergence of a new morphological instability triggered by a period-doubling bifurcation. A periodic self-organized focalization of the deformation energy is observed provided an up-down symmetry breaking, induced by the intrinsic nonlinearity of the elasticity equations, occurs. The physical model, exhibiting an analogy with parametric resonance in nonlinear oscillator, is a new theoretical toolkit to understand the morphology of various confined systems, such as coated materials or living tissues, e.g., wrinkled skin, internal structure of lungs, internal elastica of an artery, brain convolutions or formation of fingerprints. Moreover, it opens the way to new kind of microfabrication design of multiperiodic or chaotic (aperiodic) surface topography via self-organization.Comment: Submitted for publicatio