Review of "Conducting Educational Research: A primer for teachers and administrators"

Book Title: Conducting Educational Research: A primer for teachers and administrators Book Authors: Morrell, P.D. and Carroll, J.B. Publisher: Sense Publishers Reviewers: Steve Keirl (Goldsmiths, University of London) and Christine Edwards-Leis (St Mary's University College) ISBN: 978-94-6091-202-3 (paperback) ISBN: 978-94-6091-204-7 (e-book

Matching mental models : the starting point for authentic assessment in robotics

This paper discusses the matches and mismatches that occur between the mental models held by the teacher and students undertaking a robotics activity in an Australian school. It proposes that an understanding of participants’ mental models of learning and assessment plays an important role in planning for, and reporting, on authentic assessment of a technology-based activity. The longitudinal project, over 20 months, was an empirical qualitative study centred within information processing theory and linked with the introspection mediating process tracing paradigm. It involved students and their teacher in a socio-economically diverse urban Australian primary school and aimed to establish how the identification of participants’ mental models can assist in the authentic assessment of learning through a richer understanding of the cognitive development taking place in a technologybased learning experience. Robotics, as a component of the Queensland Technology Years 1 to 10 Syllabus published in 2003, provides a rich, multi-disciplinary environment in which to engage middle years students in Australia. The syllabus document provides guidance on planning and assessment for design and technology activities and provides a specific module for robotics. However, engagement is not enough to ensure learning. All participants, students or teachers, bring to such activities their own mental models of robotics, learning, and assessment. Can understanding the matches and mismatches of such mental models provide a greater understanding of the individual’s learning journey and the suitable assessment practices required to map the journey? This paper explores the participants’ mental models at the halfway point of the project

Distributed cognition in the middle years: using a forum format to elicit mental models of assessment

The project, Mental Models and Robotics and Middle Schooling, was an empirical qualitative study centred within information processing theory and linked with the introspection mediating process tracing paradigm. The study involved students and their teacher in a socio-economically diverse urban primary school and aimed to establish how the identification of participants’ mental models can assist in the authentic assessment of learning through a richer understanding of the cognitive development taking place in a technology-based learning experience. Semi-structured and stimulated recall interviews, questionnaires, teach-back episodes, and teacher and student journals were used to externalise participants’ mental models. However, the effect of distributed cognition and the shared understanding of the nature, process, and response to assessment could not be determined by these instruments alone. A videoed forum of the student participants, held subsequent to an assessment episode designed by them, was used to elicit the mental models of assessment from teacher and learner points of view. Results of this forum indicates that middle years students can inform us of their understanding and need for authentic assessment practices that would clearly demonstrate their individual learning journey while adhering to systemic principles

Variations to Stimulated Recall Protocols to Enhance Student Reflection: I did, I saw, I remembered.

The project, Mental Models and Robotics and Middle Schooling, was an empirical qualitative study centred within information processing theory and linked with the introspection mediating process tracing paradigm. The study involved students and their teacher in a socioeconomically diverse urban primary school and aimed to establish how the identification of participants’ mental models can assist in the authentic assessment of learning through a richer understanding of the cognitive development taking place in a technology based learning experience. The strict protocols of Stimulated Recall methodology were used to externalise participants’ ‘in-action’ mental models, using the opening question ‘What were you thinking?’ The use of this rigid questioning technique elicited insufficient responses from the students. An additional opening question, ‘What were you doing?’ was added in the second episode of Stimulated Recall prior to the question, ‘What were you thinking while you were doing that?’ This change elicited increased quantity and quality of responses because students were able to link their thoughts and feelings with associated actions and reactions. Richer mental models of procedural knowledge but more crucially, conceptual knowledge, were evident in the recall of journaling activities. Social construction mental models were also richer as students more willingly linked thought to action

Distributed cognition in the middle years: using a forum format to elicit mental models of assessment.

The project, Mental Models and Robotics and Middle Schooling, was an empirical qualitative study centred within information processing theory and linked with the introspection mediating process tracing paradigm. The study involved students and their teacher in a socio-economically diverse urban primary school and aimed to establish how the identification of participants’ mental models can assist in the authentic assessment of learning through a richer understanding of the cognitive development taking place in a technology-based learning experience. Semi-structured and stimulated recall interviews, questionnaires, teach-back episodes, and teacher and student journals were used to externalise participants’ mental models. However, the effect of distributed cognition and the shared understanding of the nature, process, and response to assessment could not be determined by these instruments alone. A videoed forum of the student participants, held subsequent to an assessment episode designed by them, was used to elicit the mental models of assessment from teacher and learner points of view. Results of this forum indicates that middle years students can inform us of their understanding and need for authentic assessment practices that would clearly demonstrate their individual learning journey while adhering to systemic principles

Scholarly Review 3

Scholarly Review 3: Commissioned by The Design and Technology Association, Wellesbourne. A research report addressing the following issues: Design and Technology and pupils with Special Educational Needs (SEN): engaging SEN pupils’ particular needs and interests; progress for SEN pupils in D&T compared with other subjects

Scholarly Review 2

Scholarly Review 2: Commissioned by The Design and Technology Association, Wellesbourne. A research report addressing the following issues: Design and Technology Education and… i) raising aspirations of hard-to-reach pupils such as those from three generations of unemployed; ii) fostering intellectual and personal development/encouraging responsibility among pupils; iii) enhancing conditions and life chances of young people; iv) pupil-centred projects giving pupils opportunities to address real problems in their lives; and, v) enhancing satisfaction, self-esteem, self-efficacy for pupils in relationship to the world in which they live