Hymenoptera “parasitica” no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

A checklist composed of 105 species of parasitic Hymenoptera, which includes the non-aculeate Apocrita, recorded in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil, is presented. A new list, containing 153 genera obtained in recent surveys is also presented; out of these 131 are new records. The major knowledge gaps for these organisms in the State and the prospects for future studies for these organisms are discussed. © 2017, Fundacao Zoobotanica do Rio Grande do Sul. All rights reserved

Sistema hospedeiro-parasitoide associado à Piper glabratum Künth e P. mollicomum Künth (Piperaceae) no município de São Carlos, SP

This work presents biology and ecology data of host parasitoid insects associated with two plant species of the genus Piper L. (Piperaceae) ‐ P. glabratum and P. mollicomum. The phytophagous species studied belong to the order Lepidoptera and their parasitoids to the Hymenoptera and Diptera. The samples were carried out by entomological umbrella; the collected caterpillars were brought to the laboratory and reared. The 16 sampling points are distributed in eight fragments within the municipality of São Carlos. In each patch one Malaise trap was installed for collection of adult parasitoids. Through rearing, many host‐parasitoid associations were recorded, the majority unknown until the present. Results obtained for herbivorous and their parasitoids (richness, density and parasitism percentage) were explicit spatial and temporally. We also analyzed the food webs through quantitative parasitoid webs. Based on those results we discussed some of the relationships between the three trophic levels and analyzed some aspects of this system with environmental variables and landscape. Our results were dominated by high frequency of occurrence of only one host species ‐ Eois tegularia; we reared over a thousand parasitoids on this species. Hence we concluded the strong correlation between the number of species and the abundance of parasitoids and hosts. Comparisons between herbivores and parasitoids fauna on each species of host plant supported the hypothesis that host plant has a direct influence on the third trophic level. The herbivores were synchronous for points of collection; the data of frequency of occurrence were strongly autocorrelated in time. They also responded to the percentage of forest cover, which explains much of the variation in its richness.Financiadora de Estudos e ProjetosNeste trabalho são apresentados dados da biologia e ecologia de insetos envolvidos em um sistema hospedeiro parasitoide associado a duas espécies de plantas do gênero Piper L. (Piperaceae)‐ P. glabratum e P. mollicomum. Os fitófagos estudados pertencem à ordem Lepidoptera e seus parasitoides são das ordens Hymenoptera e Diptera. As larvas de Lepidoptera, coletadas por meio de guarda‐chuva entomológico, foram levadas para laboratório e mantidas sobre as plantas nutridoras. Os 16 pontos amostrais estão distribuídos em oito fragmentos dentro do município de São Carlos, SP, onde foram instaladas armadilhas Malaise para coleta de parasitoides adultos. Foram registradas inúmeras associações hospedeiro‐parasitoides, muitas delas desconhecidas até o presente. Para os herbívoros e seus parasitoides foram obtidos dados de riqueza, densidade e % de parasitismo, considerando sua distribuição espacial e temporal. As análises das interações alimentares foram realizadas a partir da composição de redes quantitativas de parasitoides. Com base nestes resultados foram discutidas algumas das relações entre os três níveis tróficos e analisados alguns aspectos deste sistema em relação a variáveis ambientais e com caracteríscas da paisagem. Da espécie hospedeira predominante Eois tegularia (Lepidoptera, Geometridae), a qual representou 87% das larvas amostradas, foram obtidos mais de mil parasitoides. Houve forte correlação entre o número de espécies de parasitoides e a abundancia de hospedeiros. As comparações entre a fauna de herbívoros e parasitoides de cada espécie de planta hospedeira corroboram com as hipóteses de que a planta hospedeira tem influência direta sobre o terceiro nível trofico. Os herbívoros mostraram sincronia para os pontos de coleta e seus dados de frequência de ocorrência foram fortemente autocorrelacionados temporalmente. Estes também responderam ao percentual de área de mata, que explica grande parte da variação nos dados

Estudo dos Homiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) em remanescentes de Mata Atlântica Ombrófila do Brasil.

In this work the efficiency of three traditional methods of collection of insects were analyzed and tested (Malaise trap, Moericke trap and "sweepings" of the vegetation) for studies of the subfamília Hormiinae and, separately, for the six more abundant sorts in the collections (Allobracon Gahan, 1915; Aspilodemon Fischer, 1968; Hormius, Nees, 1818; Pambolus Haliday, 1836; Pseudorhysipolis Scatolini & Penteado-Dias, 2002, and Rhysipolis Förster, 1862). The relation of this efficiency ea biology of the sorts briefly is argued. The technique of "sweepings" of the vegetation was the method most efficient for specimen collection of the majority of the sorts. The theories regarding the distribution of the species in a latitudinal gradient are argued on the basis of specimen samples of a subfamily of parasitoid insects, that seem to constitute an exception to the classic standard of distribution of the largest part of the organisms. The importance to consider the biology of the organisms and regional variables is pointed out. The gotten results corroborate with the consulted works and the hypotheses of geometric limits, energy of the environment and spalling of resources. Twelve new species and new occurrences for three sorts and two species for Brazil are cited. The distribution of the species in the points of collection and the South America is told and illustrated. The potential of new species is briefly commented with approach in the main sorts and also in the Northeast Region. Twelve new species of Allobracon Gahan, 1915 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are described and illustrated. All species described were collected in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. A key to species is added.Financiadora de Estudos e ProjetosNeste trabalho foram analisadas e testadas a eficiência de três métodos usuais de coleta de Hymenoptera (armadilha Malaise, armadilha Moericke e varredura da vegetação) para estudos da subfamília Hormiinae e, separadamente, para os seis gêneros mais abundantes nas coletas (Allobracon Gahan, 1915; Aspilodemon Fischer, 1968; Hormius, Nees, 1818; Pambolus Haliday, 1836; Pseudorhysipolis Scatolini & Penteado-Dias, 2002, e Rhysipolis Förster, 1862). A relação dessa eficiência ea biologia dos gêneros é brevemente discutida. A técnica de varredura da vegetação foi o método mais eficiente para coleta de espécimes da maioria dos gêneros. As teorias a respeito da distribuição das espécies em um gradiente latitudinal são discutidas com base em amostras de espécimes de uma subfamília de insetos parasitóides, que parecem constituir uma exceção ao padrão clássico de distribuição da maior parte dos organismos. A importância de considerar a biologia dos organismos e variáveis regionais é salientada. Os resultados obtidos corroboram com os trabalhos consultados e com as hipóteses de limites geométricos, energia do ambiente e fragmentação de recursos. São citadas 12 novas espécies e novas ocorrências para três gêneros e duas espécies para o Brasil. A distribuição das espécies nos pontos de coleta e na América do Sul é relatada e ilustrada. A possibilidade de novas espécies é brevemente comentada com enfoque nos principais gêneros e também na Região Nordeste. Doze novas espécies do gênero Allobracon Gahan, 1915 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) são descritas e ilustradas. Todas as espécies descritas nesse trabalho foram coletadas na Mata Atlântica strictu sensu do Brasil. Uma chave para espécies é incluída

Aleiodes Wesmael (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae) species described by Brèthes: taxonomic clarification

La situación taxonómica de dos especies de Doryctes Haliday 1836 descritas por Brèthes es revisada y ambas son transferidas al género Aleiodes Wesmael 1838. La nueva combinación y nuevo nombre son: Aleiodes bonariensis (Brèthes 1910) comb. n., y Aleiodes argentinensis nom. nov. La identidad de Aleiodes bonariensis como especie sigue siendo dudosa, debido al mal estado en que se encuentra el holotipo, además de su semejanza general con Aleiodes gossypii (Muesebeck, 1960). También discutimos y confirmamos la validez del nombre Aleiodes brethesi (Shenefelt 1975) (= Rhogas nigriceps, Brèthes 1909).Two species of Doryctes Haliday 1836 described by Brèthes have their taxonomic status revised, and are transferred to the genus Aleiodes Wesmael 1838. The new combination and new names are: Aleiodes bonariensis (Brèthes, 1910) comb. n., and Aleiodes argentinensis nom. nov. The identity of Aleiodes bonariensis as a species is still doubtful, due to the poor condition in which the holotype is found, in addition to its general resemblance with Aleiodes gossypii (Muesebeck, 1960). The validity of the name Aleiodes brethesi (Shenefelt, 1975) (=Rhogas nigriceps Brèthes, 1909) is discussed and confirmed.Fil: Mitio Shimbori, Eduardo. University of Wyoming; Estados UnidosFil: Martinez, Juan Jose. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Four new species of the Aleiodes compressor Herrich-Schäffer species-group (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) from South America

Four new species of the Aleiodes compressor (Herrich-Schäffer) species-group from the Neotropical Region are described and illustrated: Aleiodes segakiato sp. nov. and A. lamasi sp. nov. from Peru, A. macro sp. nov. from Argentina, and A. palmito sp. nov. from Mexico. With the addition of these new species, the compressor species-group has ten known species; two from Old World, two from Nearctic Region, and six from Neotropical Region. In addition to the descriptions of the new species, a key to known species is presented, and a new distribution record for A. mantiqueirensis Shimbori, Shaw and Penteado-Dias from Ecuador is reported

Cuatro especies nuevas del grupo de especies Aleiodes compressor Herrich-Schäffer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) de Sudamérica

Four new species of the Aleiodes compressor (Herrich-Schäffer) species-group from the Neotropical Region are described and illustrated: Aleiodes segakiato sp. nov. and A. lamasi sp. nov. from Peru, A. macro sp. nov. from Argentina, and A. palmito sp. nov. from Mexico. With the addition of these new species, the compressor species-group has ten known species; two from Old World, two from Nearctic Region, and six from Neotropical Region. In addition to the descriptions of the new species, a key to known species is presented, and a new distribution record for A. mantiqueirensis Shimbori, Shaw and Penteado-Dias from Ecuador is reported.Cuatro especies nuevas del grupo de especies Aleiodes compressor (Herrich-Schäffer) de la Región Neotropical son descritas e ilustradas: Aleiodes segakiato sp. nov. y A. lamasi sp. nov. de Perú, A. macro sp. nov. de Argentina y A. palmito sp. nov. de México. Con la incorporación de las especies nuevas, el grupo de especies compressor tiene diez especies conocidas, dos de ellas son del viejo mundo, dos de la Región Neártica y seis de la Región Neotropical. Además de la descripción de las especies nuevas, se presenta una clave de especies y se reporta el nuevo registro de distribución de A. mantiqueirensis Shimbori, Shaw y Pendeado-Dias en Ecuador

Observações sobre alguns Braconidae teratológicos (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea) do Brasil

Three teratological specimens of Braconidae, one female of Orgilus sp. (Orgilinae), one male of Bracon sp. (Braconinae) and one female of Donquickeia sp. (Doryctinae), all from Brazil and deposited in the collection of the Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCBU) in São Carlos, SP, Brasil, present malformations in one of the antennae and in one of the compound eyes; these are illustrated.Três espécimens de Braconidae teratológicos, uma fêmea de Orgilus sp. (Orgilinae), um macho de Bracon sp. (Braconinae) e uma fêmea de Donquickeia sp. (Doryctinae), todos do Brasil e depositados na Coleção do Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCBU) em São Carlos, SP, Brasil, apresentam malformações em uma das antenas e em um dos olhos compostos que são aqui ilustrados

New Neotropical species of Pantisarthrus Förster, 1871 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Camargo, Luiza Figueiredo, Shimbori, Eduardo Mitio, Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria (2020): New Neotropical species of Pantisarthrus Förster, 1871 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Zootaxa 4728 (4): 443-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.4.

Annotated checklist and illustrated key to parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae Eulophidae and Pteromalidae) of fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) in Brazil

Shimbori, Eduardo Mitio, Costa, Valmir Antonio, Zucchi, Roberto Antonio (2020): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae Eulophidae and Pteromalidae) of fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) in Brazil. Zootaxa 4858 (1): 53-70, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4858.1.

Monitoriella spinata Shimbori et Nunes, sp. nov.

M. spinata Shimbori et Nunes, sp. nov. (Figs 2, 6, 9, 14, 19, 23, 24) Description. Holotype Ƥ. Body length: Ƥ 4.0– 4.2 mm. Head (Figs 6, 14, 23). Transverse, in dorsal view 2.24–2.40 times wider than long; 1.2 times wider than mesoscutum. Eyes very large, in lateral view twice as long as temple. Head 1.8 times wider than high in frontal view; malar space 1 / 3 times the eye height. Face rugulose, dorsomedial polished area absent, 1.85–2.10 times wider than high, 0.51 as wide as head. Temple and gena granular, malar space smooth. Clypeus dorsally protruding. Mandible thick; ventral teeth longer than dorsal. Vertex granular; ocellar triangle elevated; frons with deep carinated depression. Ocelli large, maximum diameter of posterior ocellus ~ 1.6–1.7 times larger than distance between posterior ocelli; shortest distance between eye and ocellus 2.30–2.57 times the maximum diameter of posterior ocellus. Occipital carina completely absent (Fig. 23), except for a very short ventral ridge connected to the hypostomal carina. Antenna slightly longer than body; flagellomere setae shorter than its width; flagellum 28 jointed. Labial palpi 4 segmented, maxillary palpi broken. Mesosoma (Figs 9, 14). 1.5 times longer than high, almost as high as wide. Anterior declivity of mesonotum vertical, median mesonotal lobe weakly indented, lateral lobes bare medially. Notauli deep and crenulate, converging in a rugose area posteriorly, this area restrict to posterior third of mesoscutum. Prescutelar sulcus divided by median carina, with some additional weak lateral carina. Metanotum smooth. Propodeum with very short median carina anteriorly which forks near metanotum enclosing a rugulose areola that extends to posterior margin of propodeum; posterolaterally without short tubercles; lateral carina between propodeum and metapleuron absent. Metapleuron rugose. Sternaulus present anteriorly, shallow and wide; rugose anteriorly; ventral margin weakly granulate. Epicnemial carina weak but present ventrally, absent laterally. Pronotum smooth laterally, weakly crenulate anteriorly, dorsally granular. Ventral portion of mesopleuron not separated by median groove. Legs (Fig. 24): Fore tibia with a row of spines anterodorsally; tibial spur long and curved, half as long as basitarsus. Hind femur 3.6 times longer than broad; inner hind tibial spur longer than outer, 0.25 times the length of hind basitarsus; hind basitarsus 0.66 times the length of tarsomeres 2–5; tarsi densely clothed with short setae ventrally, setae long and sparse dorsally; tarsal claws simple. Wings: Fore wing 2 nd submarginal cell pentagonal, 2 RS 1.15 times longer than 3 RSa; 2 Cua short but present; RS+M sinuate; 1 CU-a just postfurcal to 1 M. Metasoma (Fig. 19). T 1 rugose, without median longitudinal carina, pair of lateral carina present on anterior half; T 2 longitudinally striate, median carina absent; T 3, T 4 and T 5 finely punctate; reminder terga polished. Petiole short, 0.7 times longer than apical width, apex 1.5 times wider than base, broadest subapically, narrowed at apex. Base narrow and flared sub-basally at dorsope. Ovipositor length 2.7 times longer than hind tibia, 2.3 times longer than mesosoma; apex serrate ventrally. Color. Brown, becoming lighter from head, which is dark brown, toward metasomal apex; metasoma except T 1 and T 2 light brown to yellowish. Legs yellow. Mandibles, maxillary palpi, and propleuron yellowish brown. Ovipositor sheaths with a white band medially, brown at base and blackish apically. Antenna black; scape, pedicel and first flagellomere yellow. Wings weakly infumate; veins brown, but 2 M, r-m and 3 RSb of fore wing lighter. Variation. The paratype differs in antenna color, 2 nd and 3 rd flagellomeres with yellow basal half; antenna with 29 flagellomeres; ocelli larger, maximum diameter of posterior ocellus twice the distance between posterior ocelli, distance between eye and posterior ocelli 2.7 times maximum diameter of posterior ocellus; the face is entirely granular–rugulose; sternaulus on metapleuron more extensively rugose. Male. Unknown Comments. The absence of occipital carina, and presence of a row of spines on the fore tibia are exclusive features within Monitoriella spp. It resembles M. rufithorax by the midventral line of mesothorax that is not set within a deep groove, and the face without a raised area bellow toruli. The large eyes of this species are similar to those of M. curta, though M. spinata possesses a shorter malar space (about 1 / 3 of eye height in frontal view). The extensive dark coloration of this species, including thorax, with yellow legs, resembles M. elongata; differing from the latter by the antenna, with at least scape, pedicel and first flagellomere yellow. Etymology. The species name refers to the row of spines present on the anterodorsal surface of the fore tibia. Material examined. Holotype Ƥ (DCBU): CEPA Rugendas, São Bento do Sul, SC, Brazil. Möricke. 13– 19.X. 2001. Penteado-Dias col. Paratype Ƥ (DCBU): Parque Estadual do Pau Oco, Morretes, PR, Brazil. Möricke. 11–14.IV. 2002. M. T. Tavares col.Published as part of Shimbori, Eduardo Mitio, Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria & Nunes, Juliano Fiorelini, 2011, Monitoriella Hedqvist (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Brazil, with descriptions of three new species, pp. 28-38 in Zootaxa 2921 on pages 33-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27792