25 research outputs found
Β«ΠΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄...Β». ΠΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠΈ Π’. Π€. ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ (1937-2016)
This article is in memory of Tatyana Karatygina, Doctor of Science in Pedagogy, a great librarian, pedagogue, and researcher, who served library profession devotedly for over half century.Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π’. Π€. ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ - ΠΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π±ΡΠΊΠ²Ρ, ΡΠ°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ
Π Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Goals, tasks, organization and technological procedures of editing in cataloguing are examined in detail: from generating bibliographic records, entering data to ALIS to editing the catalog system, both card (alphabet and classified) catalogs and e-catalogs. Indexing content and technology are analyzed by types (full and selective, scheduled and operational, methodological editing and catalog maintenance). The author also addresses the issues of editing borrowed records, use of centralized cataloguing data, and improvement of cataloguing with customersβ feedback and proposals.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ, Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ: ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ, Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΠΠΠ‘ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² - ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
(Π°Π»ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ), ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π΅, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅). ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ
The author reviews the cataloguing practice during the card catalog epoch when card catalogs made the system, and bibliographic search was accomplished all over the catalog system. He says that with computer-aided systems bibliographic search has gone down, while many functions of e-catalogs are not applied. It is proposed to re-organize search by limiting use of keywords in indexing. Instead it is more advisable to apply subject headings in the indices to classification tables (these are supplied with classification number). Search options can be expanded with using classification numbers and those format fields that are not in use today. The author also makes several minor remarks and suggests his solutions to improve the defects.ΠΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π° Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ, Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΡ). ΠΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π° ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²
ΠΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ: Π²ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ
Traditional library catalog services are considered. When a certain (known) source of information is demanded βhere and nowβ, it is more efficient to address library collections directly. However, single libraryβs catalogs often prove to be insufficient source of information on a subject of interest, and users have to be warned and given appropriate recommendations on search strategies.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ: Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ (ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΅ΠΌΡ) ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ Β«Π·Π΄Π΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ°ΡΒ», Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π·Ρ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ. ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ - ΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ² Π΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ°
ΠΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°Ρ ? (ΠΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π’. Π. ΠΠ°Ρ Π°ΡΡΡΠΊ)
The author analyzes why science outcomes in the library and information sector is assessed through quantitative factors (number of publications and their total volume) rather than by the actual contribution to the science; why in some cases it is enough for some publications to be published and, which is most importantly, be included into the Russian Science Citation Index though they are far from being scientific. The author argues that we lack assessment tools to evaluate achievements in science, and itβs almost impossible to publish a paper in foreign periodicals; the criteria to classify a work as a scientific or research paper are lacking, too.ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠΊΡ, Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ (ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΌ); ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ, Π° Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ - Π²Π·ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡ Π ΠΠΠ¦Π΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ; Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Β«Π¨ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΒ». Π ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Article on the problems of training of cataloguers of high qualification - experts in the field of modern cataloging. Author believes that they need to be prepared for library applications, specifically selecting candidates and concluding agreements with them. Work requires special responsibility. It is told about the selection and preparation of cataloguers of high qualification in the USA. The volume of knowledge and skills of catalogers of this level in Russia will be great, as it will include both international and national requirements.Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡ
Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠ²ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π‘Π¨Π. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΌ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π² Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ
60 Π»Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ
The author chose librarianship as a profession during his school years, and has worked in libraries before admission to Institute. After studying at the Moscow State Libray Institute author served in the army, he taught at the Krasnodar Institute of Culture, worked at the Lenin State Library of the USSR (Russian State Library), was head of department and deputy director, continues the chief editor of Library Bibliographical Classification. We talked about interesting trips abroad, about the activities of the Russian Library Association, in international organizations, on the pedagogical work for almost a lifetime. On the paper attached a list of the author's publications for the years 2012-2016.Π Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ½ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π» ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΡΠ±Π΅ Π² ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π ΠΈΠΌ. Π. Π. ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π° (Π½ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π ΠΠ), ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ
, ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π·Π° 2012-2016 Π³Π³
ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΠΌ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½Π°?
The author attempts to define distinctive features of electronic libraries. Users demands for search engine, bibliographic support presentation format are analyzed. The author insists that academic annotated publications of complete works by classic authors have to be digitized for future researchers and generations. He concludes that e-libraries at present do not meet user demands for interface and functionality. In the second part of his article, the author considers copyright requirements; in particular, he justifies the right of authors to distribute their works free.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΡ, Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄: ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ - 140 Π»Π΅Ρ
How did the profession of the librarian become recognized by the society? The author emphasizes the role of Melvil Dewey (1851-1931) in the organization of the first library journal (The Library Journal, 1876, USA), creation of the first library society (American Library Association, 1876), declaration of the library profession as an independent one, entry of professionally trained women into libraries. He addresses the problems of interdependence between the library profession and the civil society organizations in contemporary Russia. He also scrutinizes on what factors the prestige of a profession depend.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΠ΅Π»Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΡΡΠΈ (1851-1931) Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»Π° (Β«ΠΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»Β», 1876, Π‘Π¨Π), ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° (ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, 1876), ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Π² Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΆ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎ Β«Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉΒ» ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ: Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² Β«ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉΒ» ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅, Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ
ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ°: ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°
In article attempt of the substantial analysis of the authorβs professional correspondence is made. Typical questions asked by librarians are examined in detail. The author specifies that in case of receiving similar questions he recognizes the need for preparing a consultation or an article. Examples of the questions demanding serious preliminary work before answering are given. The author quotes and comments on several statements by librarians including those working abroad. The problems of professional selection, self-education and self-improvement hold an important place in the professional correspondence. Organization of the authorβs correspondence archive is discussed.Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ; ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. Π¦ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π·Π° ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠΎΠΌ. Π£Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ