Fylkeskommunenes tannhelsetilbud til rusmiddelmisbrukere. En kartlegging

Fylkeskommunene fikk i 2005 ansvar for å gi tilbud om tannhelsetjenester til rusmiddelmisbrukere som oppholdt seg i døgninstitusjon ut over tre måneder. I 2006 ble dette utvidet til å gjelde rusmiddelmisbrukere som mottok tjenester etter sosialtjenesteloven § 4–2 bokstav a-d, jf. § 4–3,og i 2008 til å gjelde pasienter i legemiddel assistert rehabilitering (LAR). SIRUS fikk i oppdrag av Helse- og omsorgsdepartementet (HOD) å kartlegge tilbudet. Datagrunnlaget er intervju med alle de 19 fylkestannlegene og aktuelle dokumenter gitt oss av fylkestannlegene. Fylkeskommunene hadde jevnt over problemer med å gi fyllestgjørende svar på mange av spørsmålene departementet ønsket besvart. Dette må sees i sammenheng med at det ikke var lagt opp til spesielle rapporteringsrutiner utover det som generelt gjelder for rammetilskudd. Det kan derfor være hensiktsmessig å gi fylkestannlegene informasjon om hva en i framtida ønsker at det skal rapporteres på. Godt i gang Kartleggingen viser at fylkeskommunene har fulgt opp ansvaret de er gitt, selv om det varierer noe «hvor langt en har kommet». Det rapporteres om engasjerte medarbeidere, og at etablering av tilbudet stort sett har gått greit. Fylkestannlegene rapporterer også at målgruppa jevnt over har vært enklere å behandle enn en på forhånd hadde antatt. Når tilbudet alle? Det er naturlig nok vanskelig å si i hvilken grad alle de aktuelle rusmiddelmisbrukerne har fått tilbudet. Dette har dels sammenheng med at fylkeskommunene ikke har den nødvendige oversikt over antall rusmiddelmisbrukere som omfattes av rettigheten, dels at ikke alle fylkeskommunene har lagt opp til et rapporteringssystem som kan gi formasjon om hvor mange i de aktuelle pasientgruppene som har mottatt tannbehandling. Fylkestannlegene rapporterer imidlertid om flere grupper de mener aller utenfor tilbudet slik det i dag er definert

Rusmidler i Norge 2011

Rusmidler i Norge inneholder oppdaterte tabeller om forbruk, økonomi, kriminalitet, skadevirkninger og behandling knyttet både til alkohol-, narkotika-, legemiddel- og tobakksbruk. Nytt av året er blant annet tall fra sprøyterommet i Oslo. Utgitt i over 20 år Det er over 20 år siden den første utgaven av Rusmidler i Norge kom ut, og SIRUS har hvert år siden gitt ut et hefte med fersk rusmiddelstatistikk. Tallmaterialet er hentet fra offentlig statistikk og SIRUS´ egne undersøkelser. For å gjøre statistikken tilgjengelig i en internasjonal sammenheng, presenteres all tekst også på engelsk. RusStat - statistikk på nett Alle tabeller er også lagt ut i SIRUS´ nettbaserte statistikkdatabase - RusStat. Basen blir oppdatert etter hvert som nytt tallmateriale kommer inn. Her finnes også lengre tidsserier på mange områder, bl.a. omsetning av alkohol i Norge fra 1800-tallet til i dag

Rusmidler i Norge 2009

Rusmidler i Norge inneholder oppdaterte tabeller om forbruk, økonomi, kriminalitet, skadevirkninger og behandling knyttet både til alkohol-, narkotika-, legemiddel- og tobakksbruk. Årets utgave er første gang der også tobakkstall er med i statistikkoversikten

Stepping through the door – exploring low-threshold services in Norwegian family centres

Author's accepted version (postprint).This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Bulling, I.S. (2016). Stepping through the door – exploring low‐threshold servicesin Norwegian family centres. Child and Family Social Work, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cfs.12343. This article may be used for non‐commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self‐Archiving.Available from 30/11/2018.Public policies encourage the service system to work in new ways to promote health and increase social equality. This paper presents four categories that show the character of the low-threshold services in Norwegian family centres from the professionals' and parents' perspectives, focusing on accessibility and participation: easy access, low level of bureaucracy, collaborative competences and inclusive arena. This paper is based on an inductive study in three municipalities that have chosen to establish family centres as interdisciplinary co-located services that aim to offer low-threshold services for children and their families. Data were generated through a fieldwork, and participatory observation and interviews were the main source of data. The methodological framework for the analysis was grounded theory, in which the data generation and analysis interchanged throughout the study, and theoretical sampling set the focus for the fieldwork. Exploring the actor's perspective highlighted both strengths and challenges with the low-threshold services in the family centres. The four elements presented emphasize that the value of these low-threshold services are not found in one single hallmark; rather, the value depends on an interaction between different elements that must be addressed when establishing, evaluating and developing low-threshold services in family centres

Cocaine Rituals in Club Culture: Intensifying and Controlling Alcohol Intoxication

Clubbing is an important part of the nighttime economy, and cocaine use is, for some young people, an essential part of this clubbing culture. However, the interaction rituals around the use of powder cocaine in this context remain understudied. This study is based on qualitative interviews with young adult recreational cocaine users ( n = 28) and explores how they use cocaine in club settings, in relation to rituals and drinking culture. The analysis identified three main explanations for using cocaine: (a) unity with friends because of shared transgression, (b) the high as a “collective effervescence,” and (c) the possibility to control, extend, and intensify drinking to intoxication. These three explanations illustrate how cocaine rituals were deeply integrated in drinking-to-intoxication rituals, and how the illegality of cocaine use reinforced feelings of unity with friends. In the nighttime economy, cocaine use and its related rituals are used to intensify and control alcohol-fuelled partying

Cocaine Rituals in Club Culture: Intensifying and Controlling Alcohol Intoxication

Clubbing is an important part of the nighttime economy, and cocaine use is, for some young people, an essential part of this clubbing culture. However, the interaction rituals around the use of powder cocaine in this context remain understudied. This study is based on qualitative interviews with young adult recreational cocaine users ( n = 28) and explores how they use cocaine in club settings, in relation to rituals and drinking culture. The analysis identified three main explanations for using cocaine: (a) unity with friends because of shared transgression, (b) the high as a “collective effervescence,” and (c) the possibility to control, extend, and intensify drinking to intoxication. These three explanations illustrate how cocaine rituals were deeply integrated in drinking-to-intoxication rituals, and how the illegality of cocaine use reinforced feelings of unity with friends. In the nighttime economy, cocaine use and its related rituals are used to intensify and control alcohol-fuelled partying

From ecstasy to MDMA: Recreational drug use, symbolic boundaries and drug trends

Background: Ecstasy pills with MDMA as the main ingredient were introduced in many European countries in the 1980s, and were often linked to the rave and club scenes. However, use gradually levelled off, in part as a response to increased concerns about possible mental health consequences and fatalities. Extensive use of MDMA now seems to be re-emerging in many countries. In this study, we investigated the cultural and social meaning associated with MDMA use in Oslo, Norway, with an emphasis on how users distinguish MDMA crystals and powder from “old ecstasy pills”. Methods: Qualitative in-depth interviews (n=31, 61,3% males) were conducted with young adult party-goers and recreational MDMA/ecstasy users (20–34 years old, mean age 26.2 years). Results: Research participants emphasised three important perceived differences between the MDMA crystals and ecstasy pills: (i) The effects of MDMA were described as better than ecstasy; (ii) MDMA was regarded as a safer drug; (iii) Users of MDMA crystals were described as more distinct from and less anchored in out-of-fashion rave culture than those using ecstasy. These differences were an important part of the symbolic boundary work MDMA users engaged in when justifying their drug use. Conclusion: MDMA has re-emerged as an important psychoactive substance in Oslo’s club scene. One important reason for this re-emergence seems to be its perceived differentiation from ecstasy pills, even though the active ingredient in both drugs is MDMA. This perceived distinction between MDMA and ecstasy reveals the importance of social and symbolic meanings in relation to psychoactive substance use. Insights from this study can be important in terms of understanding how trends in drug use develop and how certain drugs gain or lose popularity

Self-Reported Illicit Drug Use Among Norwegian University and College students. Associations With Age, Gender, and Geography

Background and Aims: Several studies have pointed to relatively high levels of illicit drug use among students in higher education compared to the general population. The aim of the present study was to provide an updated examination of self-reported illicit drug use among Norwegian University and college students. Methods: Data stem from the SHoT study (Students' Health and Well-being Study), a nationwide cross-sectional survey for higher education in Norway including Norwegian full-time students aged 18–35. Self-reported illicit drug use across a range of specified drugs comprised the outcome variables. Information on gender, age, and study location (geographical area) was also collected and used as stratification variables. The SHoT-survey from 2018 (N = 50,054) was used for the analyses of associations between demographical variables and illicit drug use, while trends in illicit drug use were estimated by comparing the 2018-results with data from the SHoT-surveys conducted in 2010 and 2014. Results: The proportion of students reporting having ever tried illicit drugs increased from 2014 to 2018, for both males (30.8 vs. 36.7%) and females (17.5 vs. 24.0%, both p < 0.001), while only minimal changes occurred between 2010 and 2014. The most commonly used illicit drugs during the past 12 months in 2018 were cannabis (15.2%), followed by MDMA (4.0%), cocaine (3.0%), and LSD/psilocybin (2.1%). Illicit drug use showed both linear increase with age, and inverted U-shaped relationships that peaked in the age span from 23 to 28 years of age. Males reported higher illicit drug use compared with females for all drugs. Proportions of illicit drug use varied across geographical areas within the country, with the highest use being reported in the Oslo area (the largest city and capital of Norway). Conclusions: The present study reports an increase from 2010 to 2018 among Norwegian University and college students in the proportion of those reporting to have tried illicit drugs. Despite varying proportions of use across type of drug, age, gender, and geographical location, the overall high levels of illicit drug use past 12 months confirm the need to address illicit drug use in this population.publishedVersio

Self-Reported Illicit Drug Use Among Norwegian University and College Students. Associations With Age, Gender, and Geography

Background and Aims: Several studies have pointed to relatively high levels of illicit drug use among students in higher education compared to the general population. The aim of the present study was to provide an updated examination of self-reported illicit drug use among Norwegian University and college students. Methods: Data stem from the SHoT study (Students' Health and Well-being Study), a nationwide cross-sectional survey for higher education in Norway including Norwegian full-time students aged 18–35. Self-reported illicit drug use across a range of specified drugs comprised the outcome variables. Information on gender, age, and study location (geographical area) was also collected and used as stratification variables. The SHoT-survey from 2018 (N = 50,054) was used for the analyses of associations between demographical variables and illicit drug use, while trends in illicit drug use were estimated by comparing the 2018-results with data from the SHoT-surveys conducted in 2010 and 2014. Results: The proportion of students reporting having ever tried illicit drugs increased from 2014 to 2018, for both males (30.8 vs. 36.7%) and females (17.5 vs. 24.0%, both p < 0.001), while only minimal changes occurred between 2010 and 2014. The most commonly used illicit drugs during the past 12 months in 2018 were cannabis (15.2%), followed by MDMA (4.0%), cocaine (3.0%), and LSD/psilocybin (2.1%). Illicit drug use showed both linear increase with age, and inverted U-shaped relationships that peaked in the age span from 23 to 28 years of age. Males reported higher illicit drug use compared with females for all drugs. Proportions of illicit drug use varied across geographical areas within the country, with the highest use being reported in the Oslo area (the largest city and capital of Norway). Conclusions: The present study reports an increase from 2010 to 2018 among Norwegian University and college students in the proportion of those reporting to have tried illicit drugs. Despite varying proportions of use across type of drug, age, gender, and geographical location, the overall high levels of illicit drug use past 12 months confirm the need to address illicit drug use in this population.Copyright © 2020 Heradstveit, Skogen, Edland-Gryt, Hesse, Vallentin-Holbech, Lønning and Sivertsen. TpublishedVersio

Alcohol and Drugs in Norway 2011

-Rusmidler i Norge inneholder oppdaterte tabeller om forbruk, økonomi, kriminalitet, skadevirkninger og behandling knyttet både til alkohol-, narkotika-, legemiddel- og tobakksbruk. Nytt av året er blant annet tall fra sprøyterommet i Oslo. Utgitt i over 20 år Det er over 20 år siden den første utgaven av Rusmidler i Norge kom ut, og SIRUS har hvert år siden gitt ut et hefte med fersk rusmiddelstatistikk. Tallmaterialet er hentet fra offentlig statistikk og SIRUS´ egne undersøkelser. For å gjøre statistikken tilgjengelig i en internasjonal sammenheng, presenteres all tekst også på engelsk. RusStat - statistikk på nett Alle tabeller er også lagt ut i SIRUS´ nettbaserte statistikkdatabase - RusStat. Basen blir oppdatert etter hvert som nytt tallmateriale kommer inn. Her finnes også lengre tidsserier på mange områder, bl.a. omsetning av alkohol i Norge fra 1800-tallet til i dag.This publication presents a selection of statistics related to alcohol, tobacco and other substances. The National Institute for Drug and Alcohol Research (SIRUS) obtain the data from public statistics and from our own studies. This is twentythird edition of Alcohol and Drugs in Norway. New data this year - The Drug Injection Room in Oslo Alcohol and Drugs in Norway 2011 presents updated tables on consumption, accessibility, economy, criminality, harmful effects, and services related to the use of alcohol, drugs, tobacco and/or addictive medicinal drugs. New data in 2011 is among other from The Drug Injection Room in Oslo. RusStat - statistics online Most of the tables presented can be found in the institute's web-based statistics database, RusStat . The database contains further information, and, in many cases, longer time series than in the printed edition