FEATURES OF RUSSIAN PETROLEUM EXPORT

В статье рассмотрена современная структура экспорта нефти из Рос- сии по способам, направлениям и маршрутам поставок, включая транзит. Пред- ставлены организационные и технологические условия поставок в дальнее и ближнее зарубежье через морские порты, систему АК «Транснефть», по желез- ной дороге. Приведены показатели объемов экспорта с детализацией по компани- ям. В специальных разделах рассмотрены конкретные транспортные системы: нефтепровод «Дружба», нефтепровод КТК, нефтепровод ВСТО и др. Обоснова- ны направления диверсификации экспортных поставок нефти и нефтепродуктов.In article the modern structure of export of oil from Russia in the ways, directions and routes of deliveries, including transit is considered. Organizational and technological conditions of deliveries in distant and the near abroad through seaports, system AK "Transneft", by rail are presented. Indicators of volumes of export with detailed elaboration on the companies are resulted. In special sections concrete transport systems are considered: oil pipeline "Friendship", oil pipeline KTK, oil pipeline VSTO, etc. Are proved directions of a diversification of export deliveries of oil and oil products

VOLUME AND DIRECTIONS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN AN OIL AND GAS COMPLEX OF RUSSIA

В статье рассматривается объем и географическая структура ино- странных инвестиций в экономику России, основные формы участия иностранно- го капитала в нефтегазовом комплексе РФ.The volume and geographical structure of foreign investments into economy of Russia are considered in article and also the basic forms of participation of the foreign capital in oil and gas complex of the Russian Federation are considered

Identification of factors affecting sustainable development of renewable energy sources in transport

At present motor transport is one of the key components of the formation of a long-term policy of sustainable economic development. Analysis of the structure of energy consumption in motor transport is necessary for better understanding of the factors that affect the increase in the share of renewable energy sources in transport and the effectiveness of specific support measures for the transition to vehicles with minimal or no greenhouse gas emissions. Models of pooled regression, regression with random and fixed effects were built in order to reveal the influence of the chosen factors on the share of renewable energy and electricity in the structure of energy consumption by vehicles. The results of evaluation for 31 European countries in the 2005-2017 showed that the criterion, which allows identifying groups of countries, is the volume of environmental transport taxes per vehicle unit. Countries with higher taxation volumes has such influencing factors as Corruption Perceptions Index, Energy productivity, Total environmental taxes per capita and Employment in high- and medium-high technology manufacturing sectors and knowledge-intensive service sectors. Consumption in countries with lower tax differentiation is influenced by index of research intensity, Corruption Perceptions Index and Shares of environmental and labour taxes

Ecological aspects of economical development: issues of forecast greenhouse gas emissions in road transport in Europe and regions of Russia

Environmental aspects are an essential part of economic development. Improvement of the environmental situation can have a significant impact on the pace and structure of economic development. For environmental component, it is important to analyze the current state and predict greenhouse gas emissions. The development of methodological approaches in this area will allow for more detailed forecasting of the situation. In order to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, European countries have set targets for efficiency of energy consumption and widespread use of renewable energy sources, which they have achieved and become world leaders in using them. By 2020, the goal is set for energy consumption to be at least 20% from renewable sources. According to the forecast on average, in 2040 the share of oil products in the structure of fuel consumption in road transport in Europe will be reduced to 80%. Nevertheless, in the countries of Europe, various trends in the field of greenhouse gas emissions are expected. Most countries have a high potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from fuel combustion on road vehicles. In Russia, emissions from vehicles are projected to reduce by 8% by 2040

Identification of factors affecting sustainable development of renewable energy sources in transport

At present motor transport is one of the key components of the formation of a long-term policy of sustainable economic development. Analysis of the structure of energy consumption in motor transport is necessary for better understanding of the factors that affect the increase in the share of renewable energy sources in transport and the effectiveness of specific support measures for the transition to vehicles with minimal or no greenhouse gas emissions. Models of pooled regression, regression with random and fixed effects were built in order to reveal the influence of the chosen factors on the share of renewable energy and electricity in the structure of energy consumption by vehicles. The results of evaluation for 31 European countries in the 2005-2017 showed that the criterion, which allows identifying groups of countries, is the volume of environmental transport taxes per vehicle unit. Countries with higher taxation volumes has such influencing factors as Corruption Perceptions Index, Energy productivity, Total environmental taxes per capita and Employment in high- and medium-high technology manufacturing sectors and knowledge-intensive service sectors. Consumption in countries with lower tax differentiation is influenced by index of research intensity, Corruption Perceptions Index and Shares of environmental and labour taxes