Diagnóstico nutricional de variedades de cafeeiro pelo método Dris na região norte do Paraná, Brasil

Due to the lack of knowledge on the nutritional status of the coffee shrub, DRIS method was introduced incoffee culture in the northern region of the state of Parana, Brazil. Current research aimed at establishing a data base for DRIS guidelines in coffee culture and introducing other parameters for the rational and balanced application of fertilizers. Assay was performed between February 2011 and February 2012 (Harvest 2011/201) in coffee plantations in the municipality of Pitangueiras PR Brazil, 23o 14’ 03” S and 51o 35’ 06” W; altitude 600 m. Leaf samples from 75 coffee shrub lots were retrieved from 69 plantations, featuring cultivars IAPAR 59, IPR 98, IPR 99, Catuaí, Mundo Novo and Tupi. DRIS norms were established for the nutritional diagnosis of the coffee shrub for the northern region of the state of Paraná through the criterion of productivity at 55 sacks ha-1. Data revealed that potassium constituted the highest deficiency, followed by Cu and Zn. Fe, S and Mn had excessive rates with regard to parameters at regional level.Devido à falta de conhecimentos relativos ao estado nutricional do cafeeiro, procurou-se conhecer e estabelecer o método DRIS, nessa cultura, na região Norte do estado do Paraná. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, formar um banco de dados para o estabelecimento das normas DRIS para a cultura do café, bem como estabelecer outros parâmetros para aplicação de fertilizantes de forma racional e equilibrada. O experimento foi realizado no período de fevereiro de 2011 a fevereiro de 2012 (safra 2011/2012), em propriedades rurais localizadas no município de Pitangueiras – PR, com coordenadas geográficas 23o 14’ 03” S e 51o 35’ 06” W, estando a uma altitude de 600 m. Foram coletadas amostras de folhas de 75 lotes de lavouras de café (Coffea arabica L.), presentes em 69 propriedades rurais com as cultivares IAPAR 59, IPR 98, IPR 99, Catuaí, Mundo Novo e Tupi. Obteve-se o estabelecimento das normas DRIS para a diagnose nutricional do cafeeiro para o Norte do estado do Paraná, utilizando como ponto de corte a produtividade de 55 sc ha-1. Observou-se que o nutriente mais limitante foi o K, seguido do Cu e Zn. Quanto aos teores dos nutrientes excessivos, o Fe, S e Mn foram os mais representativos a nível regional

CULTIVO DE ECHEVERIA ELEGANS ROSE EM DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS COM USO DE BIORREGULADOR

Substratos comerciais têm se destacado no cultivo de plantassuculentas e crassulaceae e substituem os solos minerais usados pelamaioria dos produtores. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o cultivo de Echeveriaelegans Rose (Rosa-de-pedra) em diferentes substratos com uso de doses debiorregulador. Os tratamentos foram: areia, solo argilo-arenoso, substratocomercial e doses do biorregulador Stimulate®: 1 mL L-1; 2 mL L-1; 3 mL L-1 e 0mL L-1 (controle) e foram mantidos em casa de vegetação com 60% deluminosidade, temperatura média 25 0C e umidade relativa 45 %. As variáveisavaliadas foram: massa fresca, altura e diâmetro das espatas. O delineamentoexperimental foi em blocos casualizados com doze tratamentos e cincorepetições. A massa fresca não foi influenciada pela aplicação do biorregulador.O substrato areia proporcionou maior massa fresca, diâmetro e altura deespatas de Echeveria elegans Rose, o qual foi recomendado para cultivo. Oaumento das doses do biorregulador permitiu incremento na altura de plantascultivadas no substrato comercial

Description of the application method in technical and scientific work on insecticides

ABSTRACT. Chemical control is a viable and practically indispensable tool in the control and management of cultivated plant pests, but insufficient detail in documenting the methods used for applying phytosanitary products has been reported in the majority of scientific publications dealing with insecticide application. A survey of 200 scientific studies was conducted to examine how much basic information was provided on the application method. The amount of descriptive detail concerning the insecticide application method was found to be below the minimum requirements. In particular, there was insufficient detail concerning the spray droplet spectrum (no information in 173 studies evaluated - 86.5%), operating pressure (38 studies - 19%), solution concentration (52 studies - 26%), distance and position of spray nozzles in relation to the target (114 studies - 57%), temperature (128 studies - 64%), relative humidity (134 studies - 67%) and wind speed (145 studies - 72.5%). All the studies evaluated contained information on the application rate used (L ha-1). To change this situation and reestablish the importance of the application method, we propose a simplified method description for the application of phytosanitary chemicals. Use of the proposed minimum methodological description is practicable for insecticide treatments and will also enable them to be accurately repeated

ACCLIMATIZATION OF CATTLEYA (ORCHIDACEAE) IN DIFFERENT CONTAINERS

Orchids are among the most cultivated ornamental plants in the world. Root formation and vegetal development of orchid Cattleya loddigesiii and hybrid Cattleya intermedia x Hadrolaelia purpurata (Orchidaceae) were evaluated using different recipients during the acclimatization phase. Seedlings, mean height 3±0.5 cm, were obtained from in vitro grown seeds in Murashige & Skoog (1962) culture medium and with half the macronutrient concentration. They were cultivated in different types of containers with sphagnum as their substratum. Recipients consisted of a plastic tray with 120 cells, polystyrene tray; earthenware tray and a transparent plastic tray with lid. Seedlings were maintained in a 60% luminosity greenhouse. A randomized design with four treatments and four replications was prepared with twenty plants per container as a statistical model. Seven months after the start of the experiment, the following factors were evaluated: frequency, length on biggest root; number of roots; height; length of the largest leaf; number of leaves; number of sprouts and total fresh mass. The plastic trays with 120 cells produced the highest vegetal growth and roots of Cattleya loddigesii seedlings and Cattleya intermedia x Hadrolaelia purpurata hybrid during the acclimatization stage

Rede de distribuição de energia elétrica e arborização viária: o caso da Cidade de Maringá, Estado do Paraná - doi: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v33i4.8405

The objective of this work was to analyze the interaction between street trees and the high-tension electricity distribution network, while also evaluating the tree species used in the city of Maringá, Paraná State, specifically in the Zona 7 neighborhood. This area was chosen for its local peculiarities, such as the use of large-sized trees and the different types of electricity networks (conventional and compact for high tension, and conventional and isolated for low tension). It was observed that large-sized tree species prevail, such as Caesalpinia peltophoroides and Tipuana tipu, which represent 32.92 and 30.79% of total planted trees, respectively. The final result showed a reduction in impact caused by trees on the electrical network, as electricity supply quality indicators improved by up to 80%. Network maintenance costs were reduced significantly, and tree quality, especially from the reduction in pruning, showed considerable improvements, confirming the efficacy of the protected compact network when compared to the others.Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a interação entre a arborização de acompanhamento viário e a rede de distribuição de energia elétrica de alta tensão e, ao mesmo tempo, avaliar as espécies arbóreas utilizadas na cidade de Maringá, Estado do Paraná, em uma área específica - Zona 7. Essa área foi escolhida tendo em vista as particularidades locais, como a utilização de árvores de grande porte e os diferentes tipos de rede de energia (convencional e compacta para alta tensão e convencional e isolada para baixa tensão). Constatou-se que as espécies arbóreas de grande porte são predominantes, como Caesalpinia peltophoroides e Tipuana tipu, que representam, respectivamente, 32,92 e 30,79% da arborização total. Como resultado final tem-se a minimização dos impactos causados pela arborização sobre a rede de energia elétrica, visto que os indicadores da qualidade do fornecimento de energia elétrica melhoraram em até 80%. Os custos de manutenção da rede diminuíram sensivelmente, e a qualidade da arborização, sobretudo pela redução nas podas, apresentou melhoras consideráveis, comprovando a eficácia da rede compacta protegida quando comparada às demais