Evaluation of Postoperative Pain After Using Different File Systems: A Randomized Clinical Study

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of instrumentation techniques on the postoperative pain after single-visit root canal treatment. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients having an indication of endodontic treatment were included. Only single rooted teeth were selected The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. In group 1; the root canals were instrumented using ProTaper Next instruments with rotational motion, in group 2 TF Adaptive instruments with adaptive motion were used during instrumentation. Treatments were completed in a single appointment. Postoperative pain questionnaires were scored by patients using a four-point pain intensity scale for 12, 24, and 48 hours. Mann Whitney-U, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used for analyzing the final data. Results: The comparison of time intervals between groups demonstrated no difference between both groups (p>.05). In both groups, the postoperative pain values of 12h time period were significantly higher than both other periods, and significant difference was found between 24h and 48h time periods (p<0.05). The postoperative pain values of 48h time period were significantly lower than the other two time periods (p<0.05). Conclusions: Both instrumentation techniques caused postoperative pain. The pain scores indicated that both techniques caused limited discomfort associated with slight pain which did not require any additional treatment and medication

Efficacy of XP-Endo Finisher and Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste Removal

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare conventional needle irrigation (CNI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and XP-endo Finisher (XPF) techniques in terms of modified triple antibiotic paste (mTAP) removal.Materials and Methods: A total of 30 mandibular premolars were instrumented to a size F3 file. A mixture of mTAP was prepared by mixing 3 antibiotics, including 250 mg ciprofloxacin, 250 mg metronidazole, and 150 mg clindamycin, with 1 ml distilled water and applied into the root canals. The teeth were allocated into 3 equal groups, irrigation/agitation was performed and teeth were divided into two halves. The removal of mTAP was evaluated with a scanning electron microscope by using the 4 grade scoring system.Results: In the apical thirds, significant difference was found between PUI and CNI groups (p<0.05), whilst no significant difference was found among the other irrigation activation regimens (p> 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between all groups in the middle third. In the coronal thirds, XPF removed significantly more mTAP than the CNI group (p<0.05). However, no difference was recorded among other groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Passive ultrasonic irrigation and XPF file agitation demonstrated superior efficacy in removing mTAP from root canals compared to CNI