Artvin - Şavşat ayrımı Meydancık il yolu KM: 12+200 de meydana gelen heyelanın incelenmesi.

The purpose of this study is to determine the most suitable remediation techniques via engineering geological assessment of the landslide that occurred during the construction of Artvin-Şavşat Junction - Meydancık Provincial Road at Km: 12+200 in an active landslide area. For this purpose, the geotechnical parameters of the mobilized geological material which is colluvium along the sliding surface were determined by back analyses of the landslide at three geological sections. The landslide were then modeled along the most representative section of the study area by considering the landslide mechanism, the parameters determined from the geotechnical investigations, the size of the landslide and the location of the slip circle. In addition, pseudostatic stability analyses were performed comprising the earthquake potential of the site. The most suitable slope remediation technique was determined to be a combination of surface and subsurface conditions. A static analysis of the landslide shall also be performed through utilizing finite element analyses. The static analyses were compared with the inclinometer readings in the field to verify the direction of the movement. Consequently, shear strength parameters were specified as c = 0 kPa and f = 10° for the landslide material and pre-stressed anchoring and rock buttressing were considered as a remediation method.M.S. - Master of Scienc

Slope stability assessment of a re-activated landslide on the Artvin-Savsat junction of a provincial road in Meydancik, Turkey

The purpose of this study is to determine the most suitable remediation techniques for an active landslide area in Turkey, using a geological engineering assessment of a re-activated landslide that occurred during the construction of the Artvin-Savsat Junction on the Meydancik Provincial Road, at Km: 12 + 200. For this, the geotechnical parameters of the mobilized geological material-which is colluvium along the sliding surface-were determined by back analyses of the landslide at three geological sections. The landslide was then modeled along the most representative section of the study area by considering its mechanism, the parameters determined from the geotechnical investigations, the size of the landslide, and the location of the slip circle. In addition, pseudo-static stability analyses were performed comprising the earthquake potential of the site. The most suitable slope remediation technique was decided using the surface and subsurface conditions. The shear strength parameters were specified as c = 0 kPa and phi = 10 degrees for the landslide material and pre-stressed anchoring was considered as a remediation method

Protective effects of swimming exercises and metformin on cardiac and aortic damage caused by a high-fat diet in obese rats with type 2 diabetes, by regulating the Bcl2/Bax signaling pathway

Background/aim: Due to the increasing mortality and morbidity rates in diabetes mellitus (DM), which is one of the biggest health problems of our age, many treatment modalities are still being tried. The positive effects of metformin (MET) and physical exercise (EXE) on the pathophysiology of diabetes are well known. In this study, it was aimed to detail these positive effects of MET and EXE in combination on the basis of inflammation, apoptosis mechanisms, and endogen nesfatin-1 (NES-1) synthesis.Materials and methods: Twenty-seven type 2 DM (DM-2) male Wistar Albino rats were divided into 4 groups, as the high-fat diet (HFD), MET, EXE, and MET+EXE groups. The total duration of the study was 3 months. At the end of the experiment, blood glucose and lipid profiles were measured. Histopathological evaluation was performed on the cardiac and aortic tissues and apoptotic markers were evaluated immunohistochemically. Inflammatory markers and NES-1 levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The plasma glucose, homeostatic model evaluation-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels increased, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels decreased significantly in the HFD group. In the treatment groups, the glucose, HOMA-IR, LDL, NES-1 levels in the plasma, as well as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-6, caspase-3 (Cas-3), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and histopathological findings of inflammation in tissues were decreased. Additionally, there was an increase in plasma insulin, HDL, and tissue B-cell lymphoma-2 and levels.Conclusion: It was observed that the MET and EXE treatments in the DM-2 model reduced cellular damage mechanisms such as inflammation and apoptosis. The decrease in NES-1 levels was thought to be secondary to this antiinflammatory effect. In conclusion, the results demonstrated the effectiveness of EXE in reducing DM-2 and the NES-1 levels. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect in different EXE models and treatment durations.Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Scientific Research Projects Commission [0707-DR-21]This study was a part of the first author's doctoral dissertation and was supported by a grant from the Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Scientific Research Projects Commission (Project Number: 0707-DR-21)

Progression of aortic stenosis and associated heavy metal in blood

Aorticstenosis (AD) is the most common cardiopulmonary disease, and with the increasein elderly population, the frequency is increasing in developed countries.Degenerative / calcific aortic stenosis is a very common disease in developedsocieties, 21-26% in people over 65 years old and 48% in people over 85 yearsold. The rate of progression of aortic stenosis and the factors affecting itare known; it is important that the rate of progress can be slowed down bytreatment approaches for these factors, if there are controllable risk factorsthat affect the rate of progression, and which patients should be assessed on afrequent basis. We considered the effects of heavy metals on the aortic valveprogression, taking into consideration the increasing environmental pollutionconditions.METHODS:A total of 55 patients (33 patients with mild AD and 22 patients withmoderate AD) were included in the study, who had mild to moderate AD with acalcified aortic valve over 50 years of age who were diagnosed with aorticstenosis between 2011 and 2014. Patients' blood heavy metal levels andprogression status (mean 3-year follow-up) were studied.RESULTS:There were two groups of patients showing progressive andnon-progressive follow-up. Twenty-six patients in the progressive group and 29in the non-progressive group were identified. Baseline characteristics weresimilar between the two groups. A significant difference was found betweenzinc, chromium, magnesium and selenium in blood heavy metal levels (p&lt;0.001), there was no correlation with copper (p = 0,1) (figure 1).Progression in the group with mild aortic stenosis was seen more (19 vs 7).CONCLUSIONS:Some findings have been obtained in our study that may help tounderstand the relationship between serum trace element levels and calcific ADseverity and progression. Changes in the levels of tracer elements may causeoxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction leading to the development ofcalcific AD. Trace element levels may be indicative of rapid progression inpatients with calcific AD.</div

Association of serum lipid levels with diabetic retinopathy

AIM: To assess the association between serum lipids and diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: Sixty-one diabetic patients without retinopathy(NDR), 55 diabetic patients with non-proliferative retinopathy(NPDR) and 75 diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy (PDR) according to ETDRS grading scale were enrolled in this study. Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglyceride values were compared between the groups. RESULTS: The groups were well-balanced in terms of age and gender (P=0.071, P=0.265 respectively). The mean HbA1c values were significantly lower in NDR group than the NPDR and PDR groups (P=0.004, P=0.009 respectively). Mean total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL and VLDL levels were not significantly different between the groups (P=0.693, P=0.774, P=0.644, P=0.910 and P=0.967 respectively, one way ANOVA). Mean total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL and VLDL levels were not significantly different between the patients with ME and patients without ME (P=0.622, P=0.113, P=0.955, P=0.735 and P=0.490 respectively, t-test). The mean blood glucose significantly correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.173, P=0.017) and LDL (r=0.190, P=0.008). The mean HbA1c significantly correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.158, P=0.030) and triglyceride (r=0.148, P=0.042).CONCLUSION: Serum lipid levels were not significantly associated with the severity of DR or existence of ME despite the significant correlation between the mean blood glucose, HbA1c and total cholesterol

Association of serum lipid levels with diabetic retinopathy

AIM: To assess the association between serum lipids and diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: Sixty-one diabetic patients without retinopathy (NDR), 55 diabetic patients with non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR) and 75 diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy (PDR) according to ETDRS grading scale were enrolled in this study. Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglyceride values were compared between the groups. RESULTS: The groups were well-balanced in terms of age and gender (P = 0.071, P = 0.265 respectively). The mean HbA1c values were significantly lower in NDR group than the NPDR and PDR groups (P = 0.004, P = 0.009 respectively). Mean total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL and VLDL levels were not significantly different between the groups (P = 0.693, P = 0.774, -P = 0.644, P = 0.910 and P = 0.967 respectively, one way ANOVA). Mean total cholesterol, trigly ceride, LDL, HDL and VLDL levels were not significantly different between the patients with MEand patients without ME (P = 0.622, P = 0.113, P = 0.955, P = 0.735 and P = 0.490 respectively, t-test). The mean blood glucose significantly correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.173, P = 0.017) and LDL (r=0.190, P = 0.008). The mean HbA1c significantly correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.158, P = 0.030) and trigly ceride (r=0.148, P = 0.042). CONCLUSION: Serum lipid levels were not significantly associated with the severity of DR or existence of ME despite the significant correlation between the mean blood glucose, HbA1c and total cholesterol. Copyright International Journal of Ophthalmology Press

The relationship between serum trace elements and severity and progression of aortic stenosis

Introduction: Degenerative/calcific aortic stenosis is a very common disease in developed countries, affecting 21 - 26% of people over 65 years old and 48% of people over 85 years old. Progression rate is an important criteria in treatment of aortic stenosis (AS). However, which factors influence progression rate of AS is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of heavy metals on aortic valve progression. Materials and methods: A total of 55 patients (33 patients with mild AS and 22 patients with moderate AS) were included in the study, all had mild to moderate AS with a calcified aortic valve, were over 50 years of age, and had been diagnosed with aortic stenosis between 2011 and 2016. The mean of the annual velocity increase of all patients was calculated (0.17 m/s), and the patients with an increase below the mean were placed into group 1 (n = 29), and patients with a velocity change above the mean into group 2 (n = 26). Patients' blood heavy-metal levels and progression status (mean 3-year follow-up) were studied. Results: There were two groups of patients showing progressive and nonprogressive follow-up; 26 patients in the progressive group and 29 in the nonprogressive group were identified. Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. A significant difference was found between zinc, chromium, magnesium, and selenium in blood heavy-metal levels (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Changes in the levels of trace elements may cause oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction leading to the development of calcific AS. Trace element levels may be indicative of rapid progression in patients with calcific AS

An investigation of the relationship between arterial aortic stiffness and coronary slow flow that was detected during coronary angiography

Aim Increased intimal thickness in coronary arteries, extensive calcification, and atheromatous plaque that does not cause luminal irregularities in a significant portion of the patients with coronary slow flow (CSF). Arterial stiffness is an indicator for atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate the relation between coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) and arterial stiffness

Slope stability assessment of a re-activated landslide on the Artvin-Savsat junction of a provincial road in Meydancik, Turkey

The purpose of this study is to determine the most suitable remediation techniques for an active landslide area in Turkey, using a geological engineering assessment of a re-activated landslide that occurred during the construction of the Artvin-Savsat Junction on the Meydancik Provincial Road, at Km: 12 + 200. For this, the geotechnical parameters of the mobilized geological material-which is colluvium along the sliding surface-were determined by back analyses of the landslide at three geological sections. The landslide was then modeled along the most representative section of the study area by considering its mechanism, the parameters determined from the geotechnical investigations, the size of the landslide, and the location of the slip circle. In addition, pseudo-static stability analyses were performed comprising the earthquake potential of the site. The most suitable slope remediation technique was decided using the surface and subsurface conditions. The shear strength parameters were specified as c = 0 kPa and phi = 10 degrees for the landslide material and pre-stressed anchoring was considered as a remediation method