9 research outputs found
Earthquake-Induced Structural and Nonstructural Damage in Hospitals
This article was published in the journal, Earthquake Spectra [© (2011) Earthquake Engineering Research Institute]. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.The Sichuan (China) and L’Aquila (Italy) earthquakes have again highlighted the question of our preparedness for natural hazards. Within a few seconds, an earthquake can demolish many buildings, destroy infrastructure, and kill and injure thousands of people. In order to reduce the impact of earthquakes on human life and to prepare hospitals to cope with future disasters, this paper discusses earthquake-related damage to healthcare facilities. It investigates the damage to 34 healthcare facilities in seven countries caused by nine earthquakes between 1994 and 2004, in order to determine common and specific issues. The investigation shows that structural and architectural damage tended to be different and specific to the situation, while utility supplies and equipment damage were similar in most cases and some common trends emerged
Social Representations of Earthquakes: A Study of People Living in Three Highly Seismic Areas
Much research on people’s seismic adjustment activity in highly seismic
areas has assumed that low levels of adjustment are attributable to insufficient
awareness of seismic risk. Empirical evidence for this assumption is weak,
and there is growing appreciation of the role played by sociocultural and emotional
variables in risk perception and behavior. This study explored these sociocultural
and emotional dimensions via 144 interviews and questionnaires, with
matched samples of locals in Seattle (United States), Osaka (Japan), and Izmir
(Turkey). The data showed that high awareness of possible seismic adjustment
measures was not translated into behavior, with all sites demonstrating low
adjustment uptake, though the North Americans adopted significantly more
adjustments than the other cultures. Thematic analysis of the interview data suggested
that adjustment behavior was undermined by anxiety, distrust, distancing
self from earthquake risk and fatalistic beliefs. The paper concludes by recommending
how culture-specific disaster mitigation plans may be developed to
address these factors