Barriers to uptake of eye care services by the Indian population living in Ealing, west London

Background Despite a relatively high prevalence of eye disease, the Indian population in London does not fully utilize the available eye care services. This study in Ealing, London was aimed at determining the reasons for poor utilization of eye care services. Methods Qualitative research methods were used. These included: focus group discussions with community members and religious leaders; semi-structured interviews with general practitioners and Indian patients attending the eye unit for the first time at Ealing hospital, and non-participatory observation methods. Results Attitudinal barriers showing visual health is not a priority and the elderly are resigned to a ‘fate’ of poor vision in old age. Difficulties in the patient-doctor relationship at the primary care level that cause delays in gaining access to specialist care. Dissatisfaction at hospital level due to long waiting lists and poor communication with specialists and staff. Although the community does not perceive language as a major barrier, the majority of patients receiving health care in the hospital system still need interpreters often resulting in dissatisfaction and misconceptions. Conclusion The social attitudes towards visual health issues, along with the perceived difficulties with their general practitioners result in delays in seeking help for their visual impairment. These are the principal barriers that would have to be addressed if uptake of services is to be improved. </jats:p

Additional file 22 of Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis

Additional file 22: Table S14. Test for difference in effects for index variants from sex-stratified meta-analysis

Additional file 5 of Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis

Additional file 5: Table S4. Frequency of lipid-related publications for the PoPS+ prioritized genes

Additional file 19 of Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis

Additional file 19: Table S11. Significant female-specific multi-ancestry meta-analysis results

Additional file 28 of Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis

Additional file 28: Table S18. Sex-participation association of the variants with significant sex-specific lipid results