HAPPEN TO BE FASHIONABLE? : NEW PRACTICE CREATION THROUGH THE SEQUENCE OF MULTIPLE ACTORS

In contrast to previous research, this paper illustrates a process in which institutional entrepreneurs play less significant roles in creating a new practice. We drew on a historical case study that deals with the emergence of a new practice of emphasizing fashionable design of a type of clothing known as meisen. In the historical case study, multiple actors played distinctive and essential roles, which, as a whole, led to the creation of a new practice.

Equilibrium Properties of a Trapped Dipolar Fermion at Finite Temperatures

We study the equilibrium properties of a dipolar Fermi gas at finite temperatures. We introduce a variational ansatz for the phase-space distribution function that can describe the deformation in both real and momentum space. The effect of dipole--dipole interactions on the thermal equilibrium is discussed with particular emphasis on the deformation in momentum space. We examine the stability of the system by varying the temperature, trap aspect ratio, and the dipole moment. In addition, we discuss how the deformation in both real and momentum space can be observed in the high-temperature regime.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Masked-Attention Diffusion Guidance for Spatially Controlling Text-to-Image Generation

Text-to-image synthesis has achieved high-quality results with recent advances in diffusion models. However, text input alone has high spatial ambiguity and limited user controllability. Most existing methods allow spatial control through additional visual guidance (e.g., sketches and semantic masks) but require additional training with annotated images. In this paper, we propose a method for spatially controlling text-to-image generation without further training of diffusion models. Our method is based on the insight that the cross-attention maps reflect the positional relationship between words and pixels. Our aim is to control the attention maps according to given semantic masks and text prompts. To this end, we first explore a simple approach of directly swapping the cross-attention maps with constant maps computed from the semantic regions. Some prior works also allow training-free spatial control of text-to-image diffusion models by directly manipulating cross-attention maps. However, these approaches still suffer from misalignment to given masks because manipulated attention maps are far from actual ones learned by diffusion models. To address this issue, we propose masked-attention guidance, which can generate images more faithful to semantic masks via indirect control of attention to each word and pixel by manipulating noise images fed to diffusion models. Masked-attention guidance can be easily integrated into pre-trained off-the-shelf diffusion models (e.g., Stable Diffusion) and applied to the tasks of text-guided image editing. Experiments show that our method enables more accurate spatial control than baselines qualitatively and quantitatively.Comment: Accepted to The Visual Computer, code: https://github.com/endo-yuki-t/MA