Broad and narrow personality traits as markers of one-time and repeated suicide attempts: A population-based study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Studying personality traits with the potential to differentiate between individuals engaging in suicide attempts of different degrees of severity could help us to understand the processes underlying the link of personality and nonfatal suicidal behaviours and to identify at-risk groups. One approach may be to examine whether narrow, i.e., lower-order personality traits may be more useful than their underlying, broad personality trait dimensions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We investigated qualitative and quantitative differences in broad and narrow personality traits between one-time and repeated suicide attempters in a longitudinal, population-based sample of young French Canadian adults using two multivariate regression models.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>One broad (Compulsivity: OR = 2.0; 95% CI 1.2–3.5) and one narrow personality trait (anxiousness: OR = 1.1; 95% CI 1.01–1.1) differentiated between individuals with histories of repeated and one-time suicide attempts. Affective instability [(OR = 1.1; 95% CI 1.04–1.1)] and anxiousness [(OR = .92; 95% CI .88–.95)], on the other hand, differentiated between nonattempters and one-time suicide attempters.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Emotional and cognitive dysregulation and associated behavioural manifestations may be associated with suicide attempts of different severity. While findings associated with narrow traits may be easier to interpret and link to existing sociobiological theories, larger effect sizes associated with broad traits such as Compulsivity may be better suited to objectives with a more clinical focus.</p

Suicídio de internos em um hospital de custódia e tratamento Suicide among inmates hospitalized in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital

OBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil dos internos suicidas do Instituto Psiquiátrico Forense (IPF) de Porto Alegre em duas décadas. MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos registros dos internos com óbito por suicídio. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: Dos 20 casos de suicídio, 70% cumpriam medida de segurança, 70% eram réus primários, 80% dos crimes era contra a pessoa; a maioria (45%) dos suicídios foi cometida durante a madrugada e 40% dos casos ocorreram com internos que estavam de 1 a 9 anos na instituição; 90% eram do sexo masculino, 55% tinham idade entre 20 e 39 anos, 70% eram solteiros, 60% não tinham filhos, 85% eram naturais do interior do RS, 25% não tinham profissão, 84,2% tinham até o Ensino Fundamental; 55% dos casos tinham diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Em 75% dos casos a morte ocorreu por enforcamento. CONCLUSÕES: Os dados apontam para o seguinte perfil: homem, solteiro, sem filhos, do interior do Estado, com baixa qualificação profissional e pouca escolaridade. Os fatores psicossociais encontrados foram transtorno mental grave, uso de drogas e/ou álcool, baixo suporte social e familiar e tentativas anteriores de suicídio.<br>OBJECTIVE: To describe the profile of suicides inmates at a Forensic Psychiatric Institute in Porto Alegre from two decades. METHOD: It was a retrospective study of the inmates records with a history of death by suicide. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. RESULTS: There was a total of 20 cases of suicide, 70% were involuntary commitment, 70% were primary defendants, 80% of crimes against persons, the majority (45%) of suicides were committed in the daybreak period and 40% of the cases occurred in inmates that were from 1 to 9 years in the institution. They also had the following characteristics: 90% were male, 55% were between 20 and 39 years old, 70% single, 60% childless man, 85% of the subjects were originally from small towns, 25% had no profession, 84.2% had primary schooling level. The diagnostic in 55% of the cases was schizophrenia. In 75% of cases the death occurred by hanging. CONCLUSION: The data point to the profile of a single and childless man, originally from small towns, with low professional qualification and schooling. Psychosocial factors were severe mental disorder and drug or alcohol use, low social and family support, previous suicide attempts, high impulsivity and aggression