A perspective on circular innovation: Dynamics, strategies, and implications

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from World Scientific Publishing via the DOI in this record This Letter considers the multifaceted realm of circular innovation, shedding light on its dynamics, strategic implications, and broader significance for sustainable development. By evaluating existing research and exploring examples across sectors, this work contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of circular innovation in transforming industries, economies, and societies. Although the topic has received increased interest in recent years, we find that there are notable gaps. While significant attention has been given to initial adoption and expansion, there is a lack of understanding regarding the enduring impacts on businesses and society. Further research addressing these gaps can enrich our understanding of the challenges and opportunities in this evolving field.University of Exete

Histone deacetylases in viral infections

Chromatin remodeling and gene expression are regulated by histone deacetylases (HDACs) that condense the chromatin structure by deacetylating histones. HDACs comprise a group of enzymes that are responsible for the regulation of both cellular and viral genes at the transcriptional level. In mammals, a total of 18 HDACs have been identified and grouped into four classes, i.e., class I (HDACs 1, 2, 3, 8), class II (HDACs 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10), class III (Sirt1–Sirt7), and class IV (HDAC11). We review here the role of HDACs on viral replication and how HDAC inhibitors could potentially be used as new therapeutic tools in several viral infections

Community Health Worker Interventions to Improve Glycemic Control in People with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

OBJECTIVES: We set out to review the efficacy of Community Health Worker (CHW) interventions to improve glycemia in people with diabetes. METHODS: Data sources included the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar, and reference lists of previous publications. We reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the efficacy of CHW interventions, as compared to usual care, to lower hemoglobin A1c (A1c). Two investigators independently reviewed the RCTs and assessed their quality. Only RCTs with a follow-up of at least 12 months were meta-analyzed. A random effects model was used to estimate, from unadjusted within-group mean reductions, the standardized mean difference (SMD) in A1c achieved by the CHW intervention, beyond usual care. RESULTS: Thirteen RCTs were included in the narrative review, and nine of them, which had at least 12 months of follow-up, were included in the meta-analysis. Publication bias could not be ruled-out due to the small number of trials. Outcome heterogeneity was moderate (I(2)= 37 %). The SMD in A1c (95 % confidence interval) was 0.21 (0.11-0.32). Meta-regression showed an association between higher baseline A1c and a larger effect size. CONCLUSIONS: CHW interventions showed a modest reduction in A1c compared to usual care. A1c reduction was larger in studies with higher mean baseline A1c. Caution is warranted, given the small number of studies