Fragmentation and Multifragmentation of 10.6A GeV Gold Nuclei

We present the results of a study performed on the interactions of 10.6A GeV gold nuclei in nuclear emulsions. In a minimum bias sample of 1311 interac- tions, 5260 helium nuclei and 2622 heavy fragments were observed as Au projec- tile fragments. The experimental data are analyzed with particular emphasis of target separation interactions in emulsions and study of criticalexponents. Multiplicity distributions of the fast-moving projectile fragments are inves- tigated. Charged fragment moments, conditional moments as well as two and three -body asymmetries of the fast moving projectile particles are determined in terms of the total charge remaining bound in the multiply charged projectile fragments. Some differences in the average yields of helium nuclei and heavier fragments are observed, which may be attributed to a target effect. However, two and three-body asymmetries and conditional moments indicate that the breakup mechanism of the projectile seems to be independent of target mass. We looked for evidence of critical point observable in finite nuclei by study the resulting charged fragments distributions. We have obtained the values for the critical exponents gamma, beta and tau and compare our results with those at lower energy experiment (1.0A GeV data). The values suggest that a phase transition like behavior, is observed.Comment: latex, revtex, 28 pages, 12 figures, 3tables, submitted to Europysics Journal

Reaction of parasitoids of social paper wasp Polistes dominula (Christ, 1791) on the mite infestation of the host

In 2003, 2005, 2011–2012 extensiveness and intensity of mite infestation of Sphexicozela connivens Mahunka, 1970 (Acari: Winterschmidtiidae) of social wasp Polistes dominula (Christ, 1791) pupae and adult sexual generation on colonies not infected and infected by parasitoids Latibulus argiolus (Rossi, 1790) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Elasmus schmitti Ruschka, 1920 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were analyzed. It is shown that under the conditions of the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve (Southern Ukraine) the intensity of mite infestation in P. dominula colonies infected by Elasmus schmitti was lower than that in uninfected wasp colonies or colonies with L. argiolus. A negative correlation between intensity and extensiveness of mite infestation and the number (share) of wasp nest cells containing infected E.  schmitti brood was revealed. Mites on the host pupae containing E.  schmitti larvae were not recorded. Such correlations were not revealed in case of L. argiolus. Mites live both on host larvae and parasitoid larvae. Laboratory experiments have shown that E.  schmitti females, unlike L.  argiolus, leave heavily infected by mites wasp nest if they were there by accident. Parasitoids selectivity in regard to mite infestation of wasp host is considered in connection with their biology peculiarities

Дифференциальная диагностика воспалительных заболеваний кишечника методом эндоультразвукового исследования

Rationale: At present, there is no established standard for the differential diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Five to 15% of the patients have clinical, endoscopic, morphological, and radiological signs both of UC and CD and are therefore diagnosed with indeterminate colitis. However, the timely and correct diagnosis is essential for the choice of treatment strategy. Aim: To evaluate the potential of endoscopic ultrasound examination (EUS) for the differential diagnosis of UC and CD and to identify the most pathognomonic criteria for each of the disorders. Materials and methods: This was a prospective single center controlled study including 50 in-patients who were treated in the Department of Gastroenterology for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exacerbation. The inclusion criteria were an established diagnosis of IBD, absence of strictures, colon tumors, and infectious diseases. The control group consisted of 15 patients without IBD. In all patients, colon EUS with a radial ultrasound sensor and measurement of the intestinal wall thickness, assessment of the degree of intestinal wall vascularization by color Doppler mapping and measurement of the wall density by compression elastography were performed. Results: From 50 patients of the study group, 28 (16 men and 12 women aged 18 to 49 years) had CD of the colon and 22 (8 men and 14 women aged 22 to 60 years) had total UC. In CD, the colon wall thickness was 2-fold higher than in the control group (5.66 0.36 vs 2.62 0.11; р 0.001) and 1.5-fold higher than in the UC patients (5.66 0.36 vs 3.96 0.13; p = 0.002). In UC, the intestinal wall was thickened mainly due to its mucosal and submucosal layers (in 82% of the cases, р 0.001 compared to that in the CD patients; diagnostic sensitivity 82%, specificity 93%). In CD, transmural thickening of the intestinal wall was more common (in 68% of the cases, p 0.001 compared to that in UC; sensitivity 68%, specificity 91%), as differentiation of the intestinal wall layers was absent (in 68% of the cases, p 0.001 compared to UC, sensitivity 68%, specificity 100%). The intestinal wall in most cases of UC was less well vascularized that in the control group (54.6% of the cases, p 0.001), whereas in CD, on the contrary, the vascularization was increased (71.4% of the cases, р 0.001); the sensitivity and specificity of this parameter being 54.6 and 82%, for UC vs 71.4 and 77.3% for CD, respectively). Compression elastometry showed that in CD, type 2 staining (E. Ueno classification) was more frequent (45%) compared to UC (22%) and the control group (6%; p = 0.002), which indicates a more dense structure of the intestinal wall in CD patients. Conclusion: The differences in the intestinal wall structure (its thickness, density and degree of vascularization) identified by EUS UC and CD can be the differential diagnostic criteria between these diseases.Актуальность. В настоящее время не существует общепринятого стандарта дифференциальной диагностики болезни Крона (БК) и язвенного колита (ЯК). У 515% больных отмечаются клинические, эндоскопические, морфологические и рентгенологические признаки как ЯК, так и БК, и им устанавливают диагноз неопределенного колита. Вместе с тем своевременный и правильный диагноз архиважен для выбора терапевтической тактики. Цель оценить возможности эндоскопического ультразвукового исследования (эндоУЗИ) для дифференциальной диагностики ЯК и БК, выявить наиболее патогномоничные критерии для каждого из заболеваний. Материал и методы. В рамках проспективного одноцентрового контролируемого исследования обследовано 50 больных, находящихся на стационарном лечении в гастроэнтерологическом отделении по поводу обострения воспалительных заболеваний кишечника (ВЗК). Критериями включения в исследование были наличие у пациента установленного диагноза ВЗК, отсутствие стриктур, опухолей толстой кишки и инфекционных процессов. Группу контроля составили 15 пациентов без ВЗК. Всем пациентам проведено эндоУЗИ толстой кишки радиальным ультразвуковым датчиком с измерением толщины кишечной стенки, оценкой степени васкуляризации кишечной стенки с применением цветового доплеровского картирования и определением плотности стенки органа по данным компрессионной эластографии. Результаты. Из 50 обследованных 28 пациентов (16 мужчин и 12 женщин в возрасте от 18 до 49 лет) были с БК толстой кишки и 22 (8 мужчин и 14 женщин в возрасте от 22 до 60 лет) с тотальным ЯК. При БК толщина стенки толстой кишки была в 2 раза больше, чем в группе контроля (5,66 0,36 и 2,62 0,11; р 0,001), и в 1,5 раза больше, чем у больных ЯК (5,66 0,36 и 3,96 0,13; р = 0,002). При ЯК кишечная стенка утолщалась преимущественно за счет слизисто-подслизистого слоя (в 82% случаев, р 0,001 в сравнении с БК; диагностическая чувствительность данного признака 82%, специфичность 93%), при БК чаще отмечено трансмуральное поражение (в 68% случаев, р 0,001 в сравнении с ЯК; чувствительность 68%, специфичность 91%) и отсутствие дифференцировки слоев кишечной стенки (в 68% случаев, р 0,001 в сравнении с ЯК; чувствительность 68%, специфичность 100%). Степень васкуляризации кишечной стенки в сравнении с контрольной группой при ЯК была чаще пониженной (в 54,6% случаев, р 0,001), тогда как при БК, напротив, повышенной (в 71,4% случаев, р 0,001); чувствительность и специфичность данного признака в выявлении ЯК составили 54,6 и 82%, а БК 71,4 и 77,3% соответственно. При компрессионной эластографии окрашивание по второму типу (классификация E. Ueno) определяли статистически значимо чаще (в 45% случаев) при БК по сравнению с больными ЯК (22%) и группой контроля (6%) (р = 0,002), что свидетельствует о более плотной структуре стенки кишки у больных с БК. Заключение. Различия структуры кишечной стенки (толщина, плотность и степень васкуляризации), выявленные методом эндоУЗИ, при ЯК и БК могут служить критериями в случае проведения дифференциального диагноза между этими заболеваниями

АНАЛИЗ ВЛИЯНИЯ СУБСТАНЦИЙ РАЗЛИЧНОЙ ПРИРОДЫ НА СЕЛЕКТИВНУЮ АКТИВАЦИЮ Са2+-ЗАВИСИМОЙ NO-СИНТАЗЫ (ОБЗОР)

The article presents information on the structure, classification and functions of NO-synthases. The main inhibitors of the enzyme, as well as their mechanisms of action, are considered. Among the substances activating the activity of the enzyme, special attention was paid to substances of nucleotide-peptide nature, using the example of a substance isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae race 14, it was found that the nucleotide preparation based on a substance isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae race 14. has a more pronounced activating action in comparison with T-activin, and helps to restore the functions of the enzyme in diseases such as diabetes.В статье представлены сведения о строении, классификации и функциях NO-синтаз. Рассмотрены основные ингибиторы фермента, а также механизмы их действия. Среди веществ активирующих деятельность фермента, особое внимание было уделено веществам нуклеотидно-пептидной природы, на примере субстанции, выделенной из дрожжей Saccharomyces cerevisiae раса 14. Было установлено, что нуклеотидный препарат на основе субстанции, выделенной из дрожжей Saccharomyces cerevisiae раса 14. обладает более выраженным активирующим действием в сравнении с Т-активином, и способствует восстановлению функций фермента при таком заболевании, как сахарный диабет

Generation of two iPSC lines from patient with Mucopolysaccharidosis IV B type and autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss 12

We generated two human induced pluripotency stem cell (hiPSC) lines, RCMGi011-A and 11-B, from skin fibroblast from patient with Mucopolysaccharidosis IV B type and autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss 12 using non-integrating, viral CytoTune™-iPS 2.0 Sendai Reprogramming Kit. We verified variant c.808 T > G and insertion in GLB1 gene, as well as two mutations, c.6992 T > C and c.805C > T, in CDH23 gene which lead to autosomal recessive hearing loss type 12. We have demonstrated normal karyotype of hiPSCs and capacity for cell differentiation into three germ layers

Modern approaches to the analysis of kelp (Laminaria sp.) as pharmacopoeial herbal drugs and food products

Background: Currently, the chemical composition of Laminaria J.V. Lamour. species is well studied; they have found applications in the food, cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical industries. The main groups of biologically active compounds are polysaccharides (alginic acid, laminarin, mannitol, fucoidan, and others) and minerals (iodine compounds, magnesium, potassium, calcium, iron) that are determined according to pharmacopoeial and All-Union State Standards requirements. Materials and Methods: For data obtaining various types of search tools and engines such as Google, Google scholar, scientific literature (including Russian sources), normative documentation of Russian Federation (State Pharmacopoeia of Russian Federation IV edition, All-Union State Standards, and others) electronic databases such as e-Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed were used. Results: In the course of this review study, a modern characteristic of the kelp thallus as a pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, food substance of plant origin is presented. The data on the chemical composition, harvesting, and processing of raw materials are summarized. The standardization and safety issues of kelp thallus are considered taking into account modern pharmacopoeial and food international requirements. The approaches to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of biologically active compounds (polysaccharides, iodine) and the determination of safety indicators are studied. Conclusions: The regulatory documentation that is used in the quality control of kelp needs to be finalized and updated. For pharmacopoeial analysis, all possible physicochemical methods (gravimetric, titrimetric, spectrophotometric) should be presented in the newly approved monograph. In this case, modern procedures should be developed, including HPLC with various types of detection (determination of the carbohydrates profile and polysaccharides, including methods with acid and enzyme hydrolysis). This will ensure the required level of quality, the safety of kelp (Laminaria) raw materials. © 2020 EManuscript Technologies. All rights reserved