Microfauna and sedimentary-tectonic history of the Oligo-Miocene of the Ionian Islands and Western Epirus (Greece)

Detailed lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic investigations were carried out in Oligocene-Miocene sediments on the Ionian islands Ithaki, Levkas, Kerkira and Kefallinia and in the western part of Epirus (Greece). Zonations based on planktonic organisms and on the foraminiferal families Miogypsinidae and Lepidocyclinidae are applied to unravel the complex sedimentary and tectonic history of this part of the eastern Mediterranean. In spite of several inaccuracy factors, a tentative correlation was established of the larger and planktonic foraminiferal zones with the international chronostratigraphic scale. The detrital sedimentation was strongly controlled by tectonics, which have caused more intense deformation of the Oligocene-Early Miocene on the islands of Ithaki, Levkas and Kefallinia, than of contemporaneous deposits on Kerkira and in western Epirus. These tectonics are considered to fit best in a tensional stress pattern, causing horst and graben structures, vertical block movements and strike-slip displacements along old, deepseated fracture systems. In Middle Miocene time, thrust-faulting, most active in the west, seems to have variously affected the area. The phylogenetic development of the Miogypsina assemblages in NW Greece seems to confirm the evolutionary trends known from other areas in the Mediterranean. The absence of retardation in the successive Greek Miogypsinoides assemblages might suggest another bioprovince than nearby Sicily or Egypt, during the Burdigalian. A classification of the European Nephrolepidina lineage, consisting of the successive species praemarginata-morgani-toumoueri, based on biometric criteria of assemblages, is proposed

Geologische kaart van Nederland = Geological map of the Netherlands : [blad] 19 West Alkmaar west [en blad] 19 Oost Alkmaar oost

Na de geologische kaart van Staring 1:200.000 (zie elders in deze collectie gedigitaliseerde thematische kaarten) (1858-1867) ontstond er behoefte aan een meer gedetailleerd overzicht van de geologische formaties, met meer begrip voor de oorsprong van de kwartaire lagen, met name bij de Rijksdienst voor de Opsporing van Delfstoffen (R.O.v.D.). Dat resulteerde in de periode 1927-1938 in de productie van een ‘Geologische kaart van Nederland’ op de schaal 1:50.000, vervaardigd onder leiding van P. Tesch, directeur van de R.O.v.D. Na de oorlog begon in 1956 een nieuwe opname van de ‘Geologische kaart van Nederland’ 1:50.000 door de Geologische Stichting, later getransformeerd tot Rijksgeologische Dienst (RGD). Uitgangspunt hierbij was dat men niet alleen de aan de oppervlakte voorkomende formaties wilde karteren maar ook van de opeenvolging van lagen daaronder. Dat principe blijkt ook uit de doorsnede onder de kaarten 19 West en Oost, waarmee wordt aangetoond hoe eenzelfde aan de oppervlakte komende formatie op de kaart verschillend gekarteerd kan worden afhankelijk van de verschillende samenstelling van de eronder voorkomende lagen. Voor veel toepassingen is zo’n profieltypen-legenda veel informatiever dan de weergave van alleen de oppervlakte-formaties. Op dit gebied is de geologische kartering van Nederland mondiaal een voorloper geweest. Volgens de website van de NITG, de opvolger van de RGD, is de ‘Geologische kaart’ de gepubliceerde neerslag van de inventarisatie van de ondergrond (tot ongeveer 500 meter diepte), uitgevoerd ten behoeve van een verantwoord gebruik van de ondergrond en de ondergrondse natuurlijke bestaansbronnen. De nadruk ligt op de ontstaanswijze van de ondergrond en de daarmee samenhangende afzettingen

Sustainable development and management of the shallow subsurface.

This book is a compilation of topics and issues the authors think are required for a Sustainable Development and Management of the Subsurface. It attempts to arrive at a logic structure for dealing with the wide variety of aspects concerning the use of underground space, both time wise and geographically. The book aims to address engineers, teachers, (junior) scientists, and all others involved in subsurface construction providing an overview of not only technical aspects but also legal, governmental and policy making issues. It is a reference for the general public interested in the Earth science aspects of future cities and its citizens. It also contributes to the ambitions of the International Year of Planet Earth (2007–2009) aiming at increasing awareness of the public and politicians to a safer, healthier and wealthier society on this planet, and more in particular to the Megacities theme of the International Year

Geoscience outreach in Africa, 2007-2013

Geoscience outreach is an important communication tool for geoscientists to approach politicians, decision makers, and the general public. This tool is used to inform them about the added values of the geosciences for the national economy and to cope with environmental challenges. Moreover, geoscience outreach aims to excite (in particular young) people to be interested in the Earth sciences. There is a growing gap between demand for and supply of geo-experts. Main target of the International Year of Planet Earth (IYPE 2007–2009) was to help close this gap by informing students to follow a professional career in the geosciences. The successful IYPE outreach programme was predominantly implemented at a grass root level through the 80 national and regional IYPE Committees, 14 of which in Africa. Reports are given on the geoscience outreach activities conducted under the IYPE, in these African nations during the period 2007–2009. Upon closure of the IYPE, the Earth Science Matters Foundation was established to continue implementing the outreach objectives of the IYPE. Reports from five African nations show that geoscience outreach activities have continued after 2009. Main challenges reported are lack of funding, lack of priority, and lack of qualified personnel. Finally, some possible recommendations to cope with such challenges are suggested