МИКРОЭЛЕМЕНТНЫЙ СОСТАВ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОГО РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО СЫРЬЯ, СОДЕРЖАЩЕГО ПОЛИСАХАРИДЫ

Introduction. Due to recent environmental deterioration, it is very important to study the mineral composition of raw medicinal plant materials (RMPM). The promising task is also to search for raw plant materials, a potential source of essential trace elements for the normal functioning of the human body. Objective: to determine the levels of trace elements in RMPM of different morphological groups (flowers, roots, herb, leaves, and seeds) containing polysaccharides. Material and methods. The investigation objects were industrial samples of elecampane (Inula) roots and rhizomes, lime (Tilia) blossoms, dandelion (Taraxacum) roots, plantain (Plantago) leaves, marshmallow (Althaea) roots, violet (Viola) herb, flax (Linum) seeds, and burdock (Arctum) roots. The analytes were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (Varian 720-ES, axially-viewed plasma) and electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry (Varian AA 240, GTA 120). Results. The levels of 9 essential and toxic elements were measured in 9 types of RMPM containing polysaccharides. The content of the analyzed trace elements in the raw materials was one order of magnitude lower than the recommended daily intake level for dietary supplements, but 2-10 times higher than in the fruits and vegetables, which are the richest in relevant elements. Elevated aluminum levels were found in all the samples. Conclusion. When determining the safety of RMPM, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the content of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic, but also to that of aluminum and barium.Введение. В связи с ухудшением в последние годы экологической обстановки весьма актуально изучение минерального состава лекарственного растительного сырья (ЛРС). Перспективной задачей представляется также поиск растительного сырья - потенциального источника микроэлементов, необходимых для обеспечения нормальной жизнедеятельности организма человека. Цель работы - определение содержания микроэлементов в ЛРС различных морфологических групп (цветки, корни, трава, листья, семена), содержащем полисахариды. Материал и методы. Объектами исследования служили промышленные образцы корней и корневищ девясила, цветков липы, корней одуванчика, листьев подорожника, корней алтея, травы фиалки, семян льна, корней лопуха. Определение аналитов проводили с помощью атомно-эмиссионного спектрометра с индуктивно связанной плазмой (Varian 720-ES, аксиальный обзор плазмы) и атомно-абсорбционного спектрометра с электротермической атомизацией (Varian AA 240, GTA 120). Результаты. Определено содержание 9 эссенциальных и токсичных элементов в 9 видах ЛРС, содержащего полисахариды. Содержание в сырье анализируемых микроэлементов почти на порядок меньше рекомендованного ежесуточного уровня потребления для БАД, но в 2-10 раз больше, чем в наиболее богатой соответствующими элементами плодоовощной продукции. Во всех образцах обнаружено повышенное содержание алюминия Заключение. При определении безопасности ЛРС необходимо обращать внимание не только на содержание свинца, кадмия, ртути и мышьяка, но также на содержание алюминия и бария

Development and validation of a spectrophotometric procedure for determining silicon in common horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.) Herb

Background: An accurate, simple and selective UV-spectrophotometric method was developed for the estimation of silicon in medicinal plant raw material - horsetail herb (Equisetum arvense L.) of Russian origin. Methods: The determination of total silicon content in terms of silicon dioxide (SiO2) by the direct ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry method (at a wavelength of 815 ± 5 nm) in the horsetail herb is based on the formation of yellow-colored silicomolybdic acid, and its further reduction to molybdenum blue. Results: Recoveries were found to be in the range of 100.2 to 105.1% and %RSD was less than 2%. Conclusion: The developed method is accurate, specific, precise within an interval 2-12% and suitable for the analysis of horsetail herb commercial samples. © 2019 Phcogj.Com

Multi‐Omics Approach Points to the Importance of Oxylipins Metabolism in Early‐Stage Breast Cancer

The involvement of oxylipins, metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in cancer path-ogenesis was known long ago, but only the development of the high‐throughput methods get the opportunity to study oxylipins on a system level. The study aimed to elucidate alterations in ox-ylipin metabolism as characteristics of breast cancer patients. We compared the ultra‐high‐perfor-mance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) oxylipin profile signatures in the blood plasma of 152 healthy volunteers (HC) and 169 patients with different stages of breast cancer (BC). To integrate lipidomics, transcriptomics, and genomics data, we analyzed a transcriptome of 10 open database datasets obtained from tissues and blood cells of BC patients and SNP data for 33 genes related to oxylipin metabolism. We identified 18 oxylipins, metabolites of omega‐3 or omega‐ 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, that were differentially expressed between BCvsHC patients, includ-ing anandamide, prostaglandins and hydroxydocosahexaenoic acids. DEGs analysis of tissue and blood samples from BC patients revealed that 19 genes for oxylipin biosynthesis change their expression level, with CYP2C19, PTGS2, HPGD, and FAAH included in the list of DEGs in the analysis of transcriptomes and the list of SNPs associated with BC. Results allow us to suppose that oxylipin signatures reflect the organism’s level of response to the disease. Our data regarding changes in oxylipins at the system level show that oxylipin profiles can be used to evaluate the early stages of breast cancer. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland