Orbital lesion (pseudotumor and dacryoadenitis) is a manifestation of systemic sarcoidosis

E.A.&nbsp;Burylova, L.A.&nbsp;Mamaeva, A.S.&nbsp;Berdnikova, O.K.&nbsp;Fedorova Ural Scientific Research Institute of Phtysiopulmonology — Branch of the National Medical Research Center of Phtysiopulmonology, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation Abstract Ocular manifestations of systemic sarcoidosis may emerge at any disease stage. Ocular sarcoidosis is typically characterized by uveitic presentations that predominantly involve the choroid of anterior eye segment. However, orbital pseudotumor, dacryoadenitis, and other rare presentations (optic neuritis, dacryocystitis etc.) also occur in sarcoidosis. Threatened vision loss and poor quality of life are the reasons to prescribe systemic steroids in generalized sarcoidosis. Chest CT is required to identify respiratory diseases when sarcoidosis manifests as uveitis or granulomatous orbital inflammation. Multidisciplinary diagnostic and treatment approach to suspected sarcoidosis provides timely verified diagnosis and management strategy. This paper addresses case report of systemic sarcoidosis in a 34-year-old man. The initial manifestation was vision loss and left orbital pseudotumor. The enlarged subclavian lymph node and its biopsy were suspicious of granulomatous inflammation. Chest CT identified disseminated pulmonary lesions and intrathoracic lymphadenopathy that are typical of sarcoidosis. The results of multidisciplinary examina tions verified systemic sarcoidosis. Systemic steroids resulted in clinical and radiological improvement and medicinal regression of the disease. Keywords: sarcoidosis, orbital pseudotumor, dacryoadenitis, adenopathy, computed tomography, multidisciplinary approach. For citation: Burylova E.A., Mamaeva L.A., Berdnikova A.S., Fedorova O.K. Orbital lesion (pseudotumor and dacryoadenitis) is a manifestation of systemic sarcoidosis. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2021;21(1):40–44. DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2021-21-1-40-44. <br

Optical coherence tomography for examining retina in patients with HIV/TB coinfection

E.A. Burylova, A.P. Demin, S.N. Skornyakov, E.V. Sabadash Ural Scientific Research Institute of Phtysiopulmonology – Branch of the National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation Aim: to assess the retina (including peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer/RNFL and retinal vessel diameter) in patients with tuberculosis (TB) or HIV/TB coinfection in the lack of abnormalities detected by standard eye exam using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patients and Methods: all patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 (n=19) included patients with HIV/TB coinfection. Group 2 (n=18) included patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB. Group 3 (n=20) included healthy volunteers (controls). All patients underwent standard eye exam and OCT (iVue-100 v3.2, Optovue, USA) to measure peripapillary RNFL thickness, central macular thickness, and the first-order retinal vessel diameter (eight vessels). Results: OCT demonstrated greater peripapillary RNFL thickness in the nasal sector (by 13.4–18.3%) and central macular thickness (by 4.0–7.5%), narrowing of retinal arteries, and enlargement of veins (predominantly temporal). These patterns may illustrate retinal microcirculation in the setting of a pathological condition (HIV/TB, including highly active antiretroviral therapy [HAART]) and be a harbinger of further abnormalities of ocular structures and central nervous system. Conclusion: OCT identifies changes in vessel diameter, central macular thickness, and peripapillary RFNL thickness before visual disturbances in preclinical eye changes in patients with HIV/TB coinfection. Keywords: HIV, tuberculosis, optical coherence tomography, calipermetry, retina. For citation: Burylova E.A., Demin A.P., Skornyakov S.N., Sabadash E.V. Optical coherence tomography for examining retina in patients with HIV/TB coinfection. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(1):23–29 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-23-29. <br