Epidemiological Situation on Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in the Russian Federation in 2012 and Prognosis for 2013

Represented is epidemiological evaluation of the morbidity rate as regards Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Russia in 2012. Summarized are the results of epizootiological surveillance over the territory of CHF natural focus in the South of European part of Russia. Forecast of CCHF epidemiological situation development for 2013 is made based on the epizootiological monitoring data

Experience of the Ural federal university for implementation of international educational program in water conditioning and wastewater treatment

This paper briefly reports on the first international summer school on Traditional and Innovative Technologies of Water and Wastewater Treatment, which was held June 18 – July 29, 2018, Yekaterinburg, Russia as part of the project “UrFU Summer University”

Synthesis of SrTiO3 and Al-doped SrTiO3via the deep eutectic solvent route

SrTiO3 and aluminum-doped SrTiO3 are synthesized by calcination of metal salts dissolved in a deep eutectic solvent (DES) without any post-synthesis treatment. The DES used is the eutectic mixture of choline chloride (hydrogen bond acceptor) and malonic acid (hydrogen bond donor). Titanium(IV) oxide bis(2,4-pentanedionate) is utilized as the non-volatile, easy-to-handle, DES-soluble titanium precursor. The ammonia gas evolved during the calcination process provides a reducing atmosphere, resulting in the formation of Ti3+ and oxygen vacancies within the SrTiO3 matrix. According to UV-Vis spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the amount of Ti3+ species and oxygen vacancies (VO) in the synthesized perovskite can be tuned by varying the duration of the calcination process and by adding Al3+ dopants. Solid state 27Al NMR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction confirm the doping of aluminum into the octahedral site of the perovskite structure. Surface photovoltage spectroscopy confirms that Al3+ dopants can eliminate Ti3+ defects in Al-doped SrTiO3. Ultraviolet illumination experiments in water and aqueous methanol show that SrTiO3 and aluminum-doped SrTiO3, after modification with RhxCr2−xO3 or Pt co-catalysts, evolve small amounts of H2 (EQE of 0.0113–0.0173% at 375 nm) with only traces of O2 detected. The lack of photocatalytic activity is attributed to rapid electron-hole recombination in the oxygen vacancy-rich materials and to the lack of crystal facets that could aid charge separation.This article is published as Adeyemi, Adedoyin N., Amrit Venkatesh, Chengcan Xiao, Zeqiong Zhao, Ying Li, Tori Cox, Dapeng Jing, Aaron J. Rossini, Frank Osterloh, and Julia V. Zaikina. "Synthesis of SrTiO 3 and Al-doped SrTiO 3 via deep eutectic solvent route." Materials Advances (2022). DOI: 10.1039/D2MA00404F. Copyright 2022 The Author(s). Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). Posted with permission. DOE Contract Number(s): AC02-07CH11358; SC0015329

Switching on a Spin Glass: Flux Growth, Structure, and Magnetism of La₁₁Mn_{13–<i>x–y</i>}Ni_<i>x</i>Al_<i>y</i>Sn_4−δ Intermetallics

Reactions of tin and manganese in a lanthanum/nickel eutectic melt in alumina crucibles produce La₁₁Mn_{13–<i>x–y</i>}Ni_<i>x</i>Al_<i>y</i>Sn_4−δ (0 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 3.6; 2.5 ≤ <i>y</i> ≤ 4.9; 0.6 ≤ δ ≤ 1.1) phases with the stoichiometry dependent on the reactant ratio. These compounds crystallize in a new tetragonal structure type in space group <i>P</i>4<i>/mbm</i>, with <i>a</i> = 8.4197(1) Å, <i>c</i> = 19.2414(3) Å, and <i>Z</i> = 2 for La₁₁Mn_8.2Ni_0.8Al₄Sn_3.3. The structure can be viewed as an intergrowth between La₆Co₁₁Ga₃-type layers and Cr₅B₃-type La/Sn slabs. This system represents a unique playground to study the itinerant magnetism of diluted icosahedral Mn layers. The dilution of manganese sites in the Mn/Ni/Al layer with nonmagnetic elements has a significant effect on magnetic properties, with low Mn content analogues being paramagnetic and higher Mn content analogues such as La₁₁Mn₁₀Al₃Sn_3.4 exhibiting spin-glass behavior with a freezing transition at 20 K. The lack of long-range magnetic ordering is confirmed by heat capacity and resistivity measurements

ЛЕФОКЦИН В ТЕРАПИИ ВНЕБОЛЬНИЧНОЙ ПНЕВМОНИИ В АМБУЛАТОРНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ LEFOXIN IN THE THERAPY OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN OUT-PATIENT CONDITIONS

Проведена оценка клинической эффективности и переносимости терапии антибактериальным препа-ратом Лефокцин (левофлоксацин компании Шрея Лайф Саенсиз Пвт. Лтд., Индия) у 125 больных внеболь-ничной пневмонией в возрасте от 18 до 76 лет. Установлено достоверное (p &lt; 0,05) уменьшение симптомов заболевания (уменьшение кашля, одышки, снижение количества мокроты и степени ее гнойности в обеих группах) уже к 3-му дню антибактериальной терапии препаратом Лефокцин. Клиническая эффективность по окончании терапии отмечалась у всех пациентов. Антибактериальный препарат Лефокцин хорошо пе-реносится больными. Переносимость препарата Лефокцин при лечении внебольничной пневмонии была признана отличной у 84 (67,2 %) больных, хорошей -у 32 (25,6 %) больных. Серьезных побочных реакций, требующих отмены препарата, отмечено не было. Высокая клиническая эффективность, хорошая перено-симость позволяют рекомендовать Лефокцин как антибактериальный препарат для эмпирической терапии внебольничной пневмонии. Clinical Polyclinic № 5, Kemerovo, 6 City clinical polyclinic № 5, Perm, e-mail: [email protected]; 7 Stavropol state medical university, Stavropol, e-mail: [email protected] Evaluation of clinical effi cacy and tolerability of antimicrobial Lefoxin (levofl oxacin of the company Shreya Life Sciences PVT.LTD., India) was performed on 125 patients with community-acquired pneumonia at the age from 18 to 76 years. It was established (p &lt; 0,05) that the symptoms reduced (decrease coughing, wheezing, reduction in the number of sputum and its degree of purulence in both groups) by the 3rd day of antibiotic therapy with Lefoxin. At the end of treatment clinical effi cacy was observed in all patients. The antibacterial drug Lefoxin was well tolerated. The drug tolerance of Lefoxin was considered as excellent in 84 (67,2 %) patients and good in 32 (25,6 %) patients in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. Serious adverse reactions requiring discontinuation of the drug have not been detected. Clinical effi cacy and good tolerability allow us to recommend Lefoxin as an antibacterial drug for the empirical treatment of community-acquired pneumonia

GENDER AND AGE STRUCTURE OF MULTIPLE CHRONIC DISEASES IN PATIENTS OF RYAZAN REGION

The study objective is to investigate gender and age structure of multiple chronic conditions (MCC) among patients seeking medical help from a primary care physician.Materials and methods. In total, 1940 patients under the care of primary care physicians in several polyclinics of Ryazan and the Ryazan Region were examined: 646 men and 1294 women aged 18–99. The list of conditions included cardiovascular disorders, lung, gastrointestinal, kidney diseases, oncological diseases, diabetes mellitus, etc. All diagnoses were made per the generally accepted criteria. The patients were divided into 5 age groups; age and gender structure of MCC, as well as polymorbidity index (total number of conditions per 1 patient), were determined.Results. Among all patients with MCC in all age groups, the number of women was larger than men. In the structure of MCC, predominance of cardiovascular disorders, diseases of the kidneys and joints was observed. With age, the fraction of patients in whom the majority of organs and systems was affected increased. However, in older patients, peptic ulcer disease, diabetes mellitus, oncological and autoimmune diseases were comparatively rare. In men, the mean number of diseases per 1 patient was higher, but after 75 years of age the number  of conditions in women exceeded the number in men. In obese patients, age increase led to quicker polymorbidity increase than in normal patients. The gender differences consisted of the prevalence of stomach/duodenal peptic ulcer, non-specific lung diseases, obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremities in men, and kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus type 2 in women.Conclusion. The main causes of polymorbidity are old age and obesity. In the structure of MCC, cardiovascular diseases, kidney and joint disorders are the most common. A gender difference in the incidence of some diseases is observed

Patient-derived xenograft model of well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in immunodeficient Balb/c Nude mice

Background: Orthotopic patient-derived xenografts (PDX) in immunodeficient mice are recognized as the most adequate neoplastic model due to their ability to maintain primary tumor properties after implantation. They can be used to study anti-neoplastic effects of pharmacological substances in vivo and to investigate characteristics and mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Results of preclinical studies of pharmacological substances obtained with PDX models are virtually no different from those of subsequent clinical trials. Aim: To develop an orthotopic PDX model of a highly differentiated human pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) by implanting a fragment of the patient's tumor into the pancreas of immunodeficient mice. Materials and methods: A tumor fragment was obtained from a patient with a highly differentiated pNET G2 and liver metastasis. Fifteen (15) male immunodeficient Balb/c Nude mice with a mass of 22-24 grams were used to establish the orthotopic PDX model of human well-differentiated pNET. A fragment of primary pNET was orthotopically transplanted into the pancreas of 10 animals. A fragment of the metastatic lesion was transplanted into the liver of 5 animals. The animals were followed for up to 45 days. In vivo monitoring of the tumor growth was performed with a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system (ClinScan, Bruker BioSpin, Rheinstetten, Germany). At the end of the experiment, animals were euthanized and autopsies were performed, with routine histopathological examination and immunohistochemical study with antibodies to human chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and the marker of proliferative activity (Ki-67) of both original donor tumor and orthotopic pancreatic and liver xenografts. Results: Obvious changes in the mice condition were noticed at 30 days after surgery. They manifested as an increase in abdominal distension, swelling, and cyanosis in the projection of the pancreas. MRI showed a homogeneous neoplasm in the pancreas. At autopsy, the engraftment rate was 73% of all study animals, with yellow masses with even contours and a volume of about 100 cm3 present within the yellow-pink pancreatic tissues. The morphological assessment showed histological similarity between the original patient's tumor and patient-derived xenografts, which were identified as highly differentiated G2 pNETs. At immunohistochemical assessment, the patient's primary and metastatic tumor tissue specimens expressed anti-chromogranin A (full-blown cytoplasmic reaction) and anti-synaptophysin (mild cytoplasmic reaction) antibodies. Ki-67 was positive in 5.2% of the cells. An immunohistochemical study of the orthotopic tumor fragments and heterotopic tumor fragments showed moderate cytoplasmic staining with antibodies to chromogranin A and synaptophysin. The rate of Ki-67 in the orthotopic pNET model and metastatic model does not exceed 5% and 8%, respectively. Conclusion: Engraftment of tumor material after transplantation of human pancreatic cancer was observed in 73% of the cases, which should be considered a good first passage implantation result. The morphological studies confirmed that the orthotopic PDX was a well-differentiated pNET, histologically corresponding to the donor tumor. The model created in the experiment mirrors the histological characteristics of the donor tumor and can be used in preclinical studies of new treatments for well-differentiated pNETs, including those of antitumor activity of new pharmacological substances